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Patient Outcomes according to Blood Glucose Level in Neonates with Cardiovascular Surgery.

Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012;18(1):43-52.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for suitable neonate blood glucose maintenance by investigating and analyzing the blood glucose level of post cardiovascular surgery neonates in the ICU for the effect of blood glucose levels on the following outcomes; ICU stay, hospital stay, mechanical ventilation time, morbidity, and mortality. METHODS: The participants were 143 neonates in the ICU after having had cardiovascular surgery. The design for this study was an investigation of the blood glucose levels of the neonates and retrospective analysis of patient outcomes according to blood glucose level. RESULTS: The results for the neonate groups showed that the factors of hospital stay, ICU stay, mechanical ventilation time and mortality, for the group with a blood glucose level over 140 mg/dL were longer and higher than for the group with blood glucose of less than 100 mg/dL or the group between 100-139 mg/dL. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that when caring for neonates after cardiovascular surgery, it is important to recognize the influence of blood glucose levels on patient outcomes like hospital days, ICU stay, length of time on mechanical ventilation and mortality. Further, care guidelines for neonates' glucose level management need to be developed.
Blood Glucose ; Glucose ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Length of Stay ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies ; Child Health

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Recognition of Mother-Child Interaction by Preschoolers' Mothers.

Sung Hee PARK

Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012;18(1):36-42.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore recognition of mother-child interaction by preschoolers' mothers. METHODS: Data were collected through in-depth interviews with mothers of 12 preschoolers. The data were analyzed following Downe-Wamboldt's content analysis methodology. RESULTS: From the data, 170 significant statements were selected and were classified into 7 categories and three domains (maternal, child, dyadic). First, the maternal domain consisted of maternal sensitivity, acceptable responsiveness, and child developmental encouragement. Second, the child domain consisted of child's sensitivity, responsiveness, and initiative. Third, the dyadic domain consisted of mutuality. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that preschoolers' mothers recognize the significant qualitative aspects of interaction with their children. Based on these results, instruments for preschooler-mother interaction need to be developed.
Child ; Child Development ; Humans ; Mothers ; Child Health

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A Comparative Study of the Prevalence of Allergic Disease between Rural and Urban Elementary School Students.

Mi Ryeong SONG ; Myung Hwa KANG ; Joon Soo PARK ; Hae Kyung JO

Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012;18(1):29-35.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence of allergic disease among elementary school students in rural and urban areas. METHODS: In this study, 1,513 elementary students (1,163 in urban areas, 350 in rural areas) were surveyed. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage of allergic symptoms and chi2 test was used to identify differences in the prevalence of allergic symptoms between urban and rural area students. The SAS program was used in the data analysis. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the prevalence of allergic disease according to whether there was a family member with a prior history of allergy symptoms. 48.7% of surveyed students (49.4% in urban, 46.3% in rural) had allergic symptoms. Allergic rhinitis was the most frequent allergic symptom in both urban and rural students. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that there is a need to prevent and manage allergies among elementary students. The family history should be considered an important factor when a program for allergy prevention and management is developed. Interventions are needed in both areas, especially for students with allergic rhinitis.
Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Phenothiazines ; Prevalence ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; Child Health

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Childhood Cancer Survivor's Services Needs for the Better Quality of Life.

Min Ah KIM ; Jae hee YI

Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012;18(1):19-28.

PURPOSE: The study aimed to identity specific needs for services and programs to help childhood cancer survivors adjust and adapt to life after treatment. METHODS: In-depth interviews were conducted with 31 childhood cancer survivors, diagnosed with cancer before the age of 18 and currently between 15 and 39 years of age. Each survivor had completed his/her cancer treatment. RESULTS: The participating cancer survivors reported needs for services related to psychological counseling, schooling and learning, social skills, mentorship, integrated health management, self support activities, families of survivors, and public recognition and awareness. CONCLUSION: The results of the study indicate a need to better understand childhood cancer survivors, provides a basis for developing various services and programs to improve the quality of life among childhood cancer patients, survivors, and their families, and supports the importance of psychosocial adjustment.
Counseling ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Learning ; Mentors ; Qualitative Research ; Quality of Life ; Social Welfare ; Survival Rate ; Survivors ; Child Health

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Factors Influencing Readmission of Home Ventilator-Assisted Children.

Mi Hwa KIM ; Hee Soon KIM ; June Dong PARK

Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012;18(1):9-18.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to analyze factors affecting readmission of children with home ventilator care. METHODS: To collect patient data, a retrospective chart review was done of medical records of children admitted between June 1, 2007 and May 31, 2010 at one children's hospital located in Seoul. During that period 30 children were discharged with a home ventilator. RESULTS: Twenty-one of these children had a total of 63 readmissions during the study period, averaging 2.1 readmissions per child with a mean duration of hospitalization of 7.4 days. Children with nasogastric tubes were more frequently readmitted (t=7.232, p=.012) and duration of hospitalization was significantly longer (t=4.761, p=.038). Children who had cardio-pulmonary comorbidity were more frequently readmitted and had longer hospitalization than children without comorbidity (t=5.444, p=.027). When home ventilator assisted children were admitted via emergency room, they were hospitalized longer (t=14.686, p<.001). Cardio-pulmonary morbidity and readmission via ER explained 38.1% of variation for readmission. Feeding method explained 15.0% of variation in length of hospitalization. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that health care providers must give individualized education on home ventilator care to parents with children who are at risk for readmission due to cardio-pulmonary comorbidities, nasogastric tube, or readmission via ER.
Child ; Comorbidity ; Emergencies ; Feeding Methods ; Health Personnel ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Parents ; Patient Readmission ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; Child Health

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Effects of an Empowerment Program on Nicotine Dependency, Temptation, Self-esteem, Depression in Adolescents Who Smoke.

Nam Hee PARK

Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012;18(1):1-8.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of an empowerment program on nicotine dependency, temptation, self-esteem, and depression for adolescents who smoke. METHODS: The study design was a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group, pre-post design. The participants were 49 adolescents who smoked. Twenty-six adolescents were assigned to the experimental group and 23 to the control group. The intervention was conducted twice a week for 6 weeks. Chi-square test, t-test, paired-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: After program, scores for self-esteem (t=5.560, p=.014), were significantly higher and scores for depression (t=-2.111, p=.040) were significantly lower for adolescents in the experimental group compared to adolescents in the control group. CONCLUSION: The finding indicate that the empowerment group training program was effective in improving self-esteem, and decreasing depression and could be considered as a positive program for smoking cessation for adolescents who smoke.
Adolescent ; Dependency (Psychology) ; Depression ; Humans ; Nicotine ; Power (Psychology) ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Smoking Cessation ; Child Health

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Verification of Model on Family Adaptation in Families of Hospitalized Children: Focused on Parents of Hospitalized Children in China.

Yang LIU ; In Sook PARK ; Young Sook MOON

Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012;18(4):222-230.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of family stressors, family strains, general family values, family values for hospitalized children and family hardiness on family adaptation based upon McCubbin's family resilience model for families of hospitalized children in China. METHODS: A survey using a self-report questionnaire was conducted with 330 hospitalized children's parents. Six instruments were used in this model. The data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 19.0 and AMOS 19.0 program. RESULTS: Family strain had a significant negative direct effect, general family values and family hardiness had a significant positive direct effect, and family values for hospitalized children had a significant positive direct effect and indirect effect on family adaptation of hospitalized children. CONCLUSION: In this study McCubbin's resilience model and resiliency factors were identified. According to the finding of this study nursing interventions to reduce family stress, enhance family hardiness and consolidate general family values and family values for hospitalized children can help to increase family adaptation in families of hospitalized children. Therefore, the significance of this study is that the results can be used to develop family nursing intervention programs based on family resilience to strengthen family adaptation in families of hospitalized children.
Child ; Child, Hospitalized ; China ; Family Nursing ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Parents ; Sprains and Strains ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

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Development of Evidence-based Nursing Practice Guidelines for Febrile Children in Emergency Room.

Min Jin JEONG ; Hyun A SHIN ; Yun Hee KIM ; Jee Hyang LEE ; Seung Ja LEE ; Mi Ra SONG

Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012;18(4):214-221.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop evidence-based nursing practice guidelines for the care of febrile children in the emergency room and to evaluate the guidelines by applying them to practice. METHODS: This study was conducted using a methodological design. referring to the Scottish intercollegiate guideline network, draft of guidelines were developed based on the recommendations found from the critical literature analysis. Then, the draft was modified by an expert group and a pilot application. The final draft was evaluated by the expert group using appraisal of guidelines for research and evaluation. Finally, the final guideline and algorithm were completed. RESULTS: The guideline includes 39 recommendations for the care of febrile children in the emergency room. CONCLUSION: The clinical guidelines developed through this research can be utilized as systematic and scientific guidelines for the care of febrile children in the emergency room. In addition, the research results will contribute to improving care services.
Child ; Emergencies ; Evidence-Based Nursing ; Fever ; Humans ; Child Health

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Effects of Adolescent Temperament and Parent-child Attachment on Depression.

So Youn YIM ; Myoung Ok CHAE ; Ja Hyung LEE

Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012;18(4):207-213.

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine levels of temperament, parent-child attachment and depression of adolescents and verify its effects. METHODS: Surveys were conducted with 500 students from two middle schools, one located in Seoul and one in Gyeonggi Province. Adolescent temperament was measured using the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory, parent-child attachment using the Revised Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment and depression using the Children's Depression Inventory. Cluster, t-test, correlation and logistic regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Characteristics of temperament were classified into 2 groups. The 'Adaptation vulnerable group' showed high Harm Avoidance and the 'Adaptation protective group' showed high Reward Dependence, and Patience. The 'Adaptation vulnerable group' showed lower attachment and higher depression than the 'Adaptation protective group'. Novelty Seeking and Harm Avoidance correlated positively with depression and negatively with attachment. Students with higher levels of attachment reported lower levels of depression. The logistic regression analysis showed that the 'Adaptation vulnerable group' was 2.16 times more likely to be affected by depression than 'Adaptation protective group'. CONCLUSION: Results of this study can be used to develop depression intervention programs for adolescent psychological health and provide encouragement in the development of parent-child attachment.
Adolescent ; Depression ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Parent-Child Relations ; Parents ; Reward ; Temperament ; Child Health

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Effects of Covering Newborn's Head after Bath on Body Temperature, Heart Rate and Arterial Oxygen Saturation.

Dong Yeon KIM ; Ho Ran PARK

Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2012;18(4):201-206.

PURPOSE: In this study changes were observed in body temperature, heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) of newborns after bathing and to determine the effects of covering their heads with cotton hats after bathing. METHODS: Participants were 58 newborn infants, 31 in the experimental group had their heads covered with cotton hats after their bath while 27 in the control group did not. Body temperature, arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured at 8 consecutive times after bathing. Data were analyzed using t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS: Body temperature declined shortly after bathing. The experimental group showed faster recovery (p<.001). Heart rate increased after bathing in both groups. Heart rate in the experimental group decreased for 120 minutes and gradually increased to baseline (p<.001). In the control group, heart rate decreased for 180 minutes and then increased but did not reach the baseline (p<.001). Arterial oxygen saturation decreased shortly after bathing and recovery to the baseline was more rapid in the experimental group (30 minutes vs. 60 minutes) (p<.001). CONCLUSION: With significant changes observed in newborns' body temperature, arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate, covering the head right after bathing is effective in stabilizing infants' physiological system.
Baths ; Body Temperature ; Head ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Oxygen ; Child Health

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