Screening of Autonomic Neuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2014;38(5):346-348. doi:10.4093/dmj.2014.38.5.346
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal
to Present ISSN: 2233-6079
Sort by
DISPLAY OPTIONS
Format:
Per page:
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Its Prevention by Nrf2: Current Status.
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2014;38(5):337-345. doi:10.4093/dmj.2014.38.5.337
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), as one of the major cardiac complications in diabetic patients, is known to related with oxidative stress that is due to a severe imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generation and their clearance by antioxidant defense systems. Transcription factor nuclear factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in maintaining the oxidative homeostasis by regulating multiple downstream antioxidants. Diabetes may up-regulate several antioxidants in the heart as a compensative mechanism at early stage, but at late stage, diabetes not only generates extra ROS and/or RNS but also impairs antioxidant capacity in the heart, including Nrf2. In an early study, we have established that Nrf2 protect the cardiac cells and heart from high level of glucose in vitro and hyperglycemia in vivo, and in the following study demonstrated the significant down-regulation of cardiac Nrf2 expression in diabetic animals and patients. Using Nrf2-KO mice or Nrf2 inducers, blooming evidence has indicated the important protection by Nrf2 from cardiac pathogenesis in the diabetes. Therefore, this brief review summarizes the status of studies on Nrf2's role in preventing DCM and even other complications, the need for new and safe Nrf2 inducer screening and the precaution for the undesirable side of Nrf2 under certain conditions.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies* ; Down-Regulation ; Glucose ; Heart ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Mass Screening ; Mice ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Nitrogen Species ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Transcription Factors
Animals ; Antioxidants ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies* ; Down-Regulation ; Glucose ; Heart ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Mass Screening ; Mice ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Nitrogen Species ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Transcription Factors
Hyperglycemia as a Risk Factor for Cancer Progression.
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2014;38(5):330-336. doi:10.4093/dmj.2014.38.5.330
As the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is substantially increasing worldwide, associated diseases such as renal failure, cardiovascular diseases, fatty liver, and cancers have also increased. A number of cancers such as pancreatic, liver, breast, and female reproductive cancers have shown an increased prevalence and a higher mortality rate in diabetic patients compared to healthy subjects. Thus, this suggests an association between diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes and cancer incidence and progression. Recent studies have suggested that hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation and hyperglycemia, all frequently seen in diabetics, may lead to increased tumor growth; the underlying molecular mechanisms of this association are not fully understood. In particular, chronic hyperglycemic episodes could serve as a direct or indirect mediator of the increase in tumor cell growth. Here, we will discuss our current understanding how hyperglycemia and cancer risk may be linked, and what the implications are for the treatment of diabetic cancer patients.
Breast ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fatty Liver ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia* ; Hyperinsulinism ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Liver ; Mortality ; Prevalence ; Renal Insufficiency ; Risk Factors*
Breast ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fatty Liver ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia* ; Hyperinsulinism ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Liver ; Mortality ; Prevalence ; Renal Insufficiency ; Risk Factors*
Molecular Links between Caloric Restriction and Sir2/SIRT1 Activation.
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2014;38(5):321-329. doi:10.4093/dmj.2014.38.5.321
Ageing is the most significant risk factor for a range of prevalent diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Accordingly, interventions are needed for delaying or preventing disorders associated with the ageing process, i.e., promotion of healthy ageing. Calorie restriction is the only nongenetic and the most robust approach to slow the process of ageing in evolutionarily divergent species, ranging from yeasts, worms, and flies to mammals. Although it has been known for more than 80 years that calorie restriction increases lifespan, a mechanistic understanding of this phenomenon remains elusive. Yeast silent information regulator 2 (Sir2), the founding member of the sirtuin family of protein deacetylases, and its mammalian homologue Sir2-like protein 1 (SIRT1), have been suggested to promote survival and longevity of organisms. SIRT1 exerts protective effects against a number of age-associated disorders. Caloric restriction increases both Sir2 and SIRT1 activity. This review focuses on the mechanistic insights between caloric restriction and Sir2/SIRT1 activation. A number of molecular links, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, nicotinamide, biotin, and related metabolites, are suggested to be the most important conduits mediating caloric restriction-induced Sir2/SIRT1 activation and lifespan extension.
Biotin ; Caloric Restriction* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diptera ; Humans ; Longevity ; Mammals ; NAD ; Negotiating ; Niacinamide ; Risk Factors ; Sirtuins ; Yeasts
Biotin ; Caloric Restriction* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diptera ; Humans ; Longevity ; Mammals ; NAD ; Negotiating ; Niacinamide ; Risk Factors ; Sirtuins ; Yeasts
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2017;41(1):79-79. doi:10.4093/dmj.2017.41.1.79
We apologize for any inconvenience that this may have caused.
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2017;41(1):77-78. doi:10.4093/dmj.2017.41.1.77
No abstract available.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Risk Factors*
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Risk Factors*
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2017;41(1):75-76. doi:10.4093/dmj.2017.41.1.75
No abstract available.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Risk Factors*
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Risk Factors*
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2017;41(1):69-74. doi:10.4093/dmj.2017.41.1.69
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity is increasing in Korea. Clinical studies in patients with T2DM have shown that combining the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exenatide twice daily with basal insulin is an effective glucose-lowering strategy. However, these studies were predominantly conducted in non-Asian populations. METHODS: We conducted a subgroup analysis of data from a multinational, 30-week, randomized, open-label trial to compare the effects of exenatide twice daily (n=10) or three times daily mealtime insulin lispro (n=13) among Korean patients with T2DM inadequately controlled (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] >7.0%) on metformin plus optimized insulin glargine. RESULTS: Exenatide twice daily and insulin lispro both reduced HbA1c (mean −1.5% and −1.0%, respectively; P<0.01 vs. baseline). Fasting glucose and weight numerically decreased with exenatide twice daily (−0.7 mmol/L and −0.7 kg, respectively) and numerically increased with insulin lispro (0.9 mmol/L and 1.0 kg, respectively). Minor hypoglycemia occurred in four patients receiving exenatide twice daily and three patients receiving insulin lispro. Gastrointestinal adverse events were the most common with exenatide twice daily treatment. CONCLUSION: This analysis found treatment with exenatide twice daily improved glycemic control without weight gain in Korean patients with T2DM unable to achieve glycemic control on metformin plus basal insulin.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; Fasting ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; Insulin Glargine ; Insulin Lispro* ; Insulin* ; Korea ; Meals ; Metformin ; Obesity ; Prevalence ; Weight Gain
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; Fasting ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; Insulin Glargine ; Insulin Lispro* ; Insulin* ; Korea ; Meals ; Metformin ; Obesity ; Prevalence ; Weight Gain
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2017;41(1):60-68. doi:10.4093/dmj.2017.41.1.60
BACKGROUND: An association between serum calcium level and risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been suggested in cross-sectional studies. This study aimed to evaluate the association between baseline serum calcium level and risk of incident MetS in a longitudinal study. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study of 12,706 participants without MetS who participated in a health screening program, had normal range serum calcium level at baseline (mean age, 51 years), and were followed up for 4.3 years (18,925 person-years). The risk of developing MetS was analyzed according to the baseline serum calcium levels. RESULTS: A total of 3,448 incident cases (27.1%) of MetS developed during the follow-up period. The hazard ratio (HR) for incident MetS did not increase with increasing tertile of serum calcium level in an age- and sex-matched model (P for trend=0.915). The HRs (95% confidence interval [CI]) for incident MetS comparing the second and the third tertiles to the first tertile of baseline serum calcium level were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.84 to 0.99) and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.78 to 0.92) in a fully adjusted model, respectively (P for trend=0.001). A decreased risk of incident MetS in higher tertiles of serum calcium level was observed in subjects with central obesity and/or a metabolically unhealthy state at baseline. CONCLUSION: There was no positive correlation between baseline serum calcium levels and incident risk of MetS in this longitudinal study. There was an association between higher serum calcium levels and decreased incident MetS in individuals with central obesity or two components of MetS at baseline.
Calcium* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Longitudinal Studies* ; Mass Screening ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies*
Calcium* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Longitudinal Studies* ; Mass Screening ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies*
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2017;41(1):51-59. doi:10.4093/dmj.2017.41.1.51
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between regional body fat distribution, especially leg fat mass, and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in adult populations. METHODS: A total of 3,181 men and 3,827 postmenopausal women aged 50 years or older were analyzed based on Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2008 to 2010). Body compositions including muscle mass and regional fat mass were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: The odds ratios (ORs) for DM was higher with increasing truncal fat mass and arm fat mass, while it was lower with increasing leg fat mass. In a partial correlation analysis adjusted for age, leg fat mass was negatively associated with glycosylated hemoglobin in both sexes and fasting glucose in women. Leg fat mass was positively correlated with appendicular skeletal muscle mass and homeostasis model assessment of β cell. In addition, after adjusting for confounding factors, the OR for DM decreased gradually with increasing leg fat mass quartiles in both genders. When we subdivided the participants into four groups based on the median values of leg fat mass and leg muscle mass, higher leg fat mass significantly lowered the risk of DM even though they have smaller leg muscle mass in both genders (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The relationship between fat mass and the prevalence of DM is different according to regional body fat distribution. Higher leg fat mass was associated with a lower risk of DM in Korean populations. Maintaining leg fat mass may be important in preventing impaired glucose tolerance.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adipose Tissue* ; Adult ; Arm ; Body Composition ; Body Fat Distribution* ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Fasting ; Female ; Glucose ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Korea ; Leg ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adipose Tissue* ; Adult ; Arm ; Body Composition ; Body Fat Distribution* ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Fasting ; Female ; Glucose ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Korea ; Leg ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence
Country
Republic of Korea
Publisher
Korean Diabetes Association
ElectronicLinks
http://e-sciencecentral.org/journals/127/Editor-in-chief
Abbreviation
Diabetes Metab J
Vernacular Journal Title
ISSN
2233-6079
EISSN
2233-6087
Year Approved
2007
Current Indexing Status
Currently Indexed
Start Year
Description
The aims of the Diabetes & Metabolism Journal are to contribute to the cure of and education about diabetes mellitus, and the advancement of diabetology through the sharing of scientific information on the latest developments in diabetology among members of the Korean Diabetes Association and other international societies. The Journal publishes articles on basic and clinical studies, focusing on areas such as metabolism, epidemiology, pathogenesis, complications, and treatments relevant to diabetes mellitus. It also publishes articles covering obesity and cardiovascular disease. Articles on translational research and timely issues including ubiquitous care or new technology in the management of diabetes and metabolic disorders are welcome.In addition, genome research, meta-analysis, and randomized controlled studies are welcome for publication. Priority is given to studies conducted with Asian diabetic subjects. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Asia is increasing rapidly. Korea in particular is experiencing the fastest increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the world. The editorial board invites articles from international research or clinical study groups. Publication is determined by the editors and peer reviewers, who are experts in their specific fields of diabetology.
Powered by IMICAMS(
备案号: 11010502037788, 京ICP备10218182号-8)