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Transrectal ultrasonography and prostate biopsy

Journal Ho Chi Minh Medical.2005;9(2):65-67.

Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) in prostate cancer could show the images of multiform prostate adenomas. Specific sign is a hypoechoic area in periphery of gland. Overall, sensitivity (32%) and specificity (51%) of TRUS in diagnosis prostate cancer weren’t high. The false negative was from 30% to 40%. Two major roles of TRUS were to determine suspected lesions and to increase accuracy of prostate biopsy. TRUS techniques in diagnosis prostate cancer were: conventional TRUS, TRUS with Doppler, TRUS with contrast Doppler, and TRUS with 3D ultrasound. Under TRUS-guiding, biopsy can be performed through perineum or rectum
Prostate ; Biopsy ; Ultrasonography

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Gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Hua Thi Ngoc Ha

Journal Ho Chi Minh Medical.2005;9(2):68-73.

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) is uncommon disease with only about 3,000 to 6,000 cases diagnosed annually. Tumors can occur in any sites in gastrointestinal tract, especially in stomach (60-70%) and small intestine (20-30%) and in large intestine and oesophagus, sometime in omentum, mesenterium, behind peritonaeum, etc. The disease is common in male from 40 to 80 years old. GIST is detected randomly during examinations such as endoscopy, X-ray or CT scan of stomach, large intestine. Tumors have two kinds of cell: lozenge cell (70%) and epithelial cell (30%). GIST is divided into 4 stages. Each stage has suitable treatments as chemical therapy, radio therapy, and targeted therapy. For metastatic GIST, tumors can be removed by surgery. The 5 years survival rate is 34% in removal tumors and is 10% in remained tumors
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; Diagnosis

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Ulcer gastric and Helicobacter pylori infection

Nguyen Sao Trung

Journal Ho Chi Minh Medical.2005;9(2):74-78.

Study on 335 cases underwent endoscopic biopsies. The results showed that: The rate of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in gastric ulcer patients that had clinical symptoms were 63%, highest in group of 31 to 50 years old. Inflammatory and ulcer lesions were in antropyloric area, and the rate of HP (+) was highest in this area. In comparison with endoscopic diagnosis, the highest ratio of HP was in gastric ulcer accompany with duodenal bulb ulcer, and lowest rate was in acute inflammation. There was no significant difference in infected frequency between male and female. However, moderate and severe infections (Hp2+, Hp3+) in men were more common than those in women
Helicobacter pylori ; Stomach Ulcer

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Incidence of nosocomial infection in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Ha Manh Tuan

Journal Ho Chi Minh Medical.2005;9(2):78-85.

A prospective cohort study about the incidence of nosocomial infection (NI) was carried out on 671 patients treated at Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in 14 months. The incidence of NI was 22.9% and 29.3/1000 patient-days, in which nosocomial pneumonia accounts for 49.4%, 43.1/1000 ventilator-days; septicema: 27.3%, 49.3/1000 central catheter-days; surgical site infection: 12.3%, catheter-induced infection: 11.7%; urinary tract infection: 58%, 41.9/1000 urinary catheter-day. Day of onset NI was 6.4±5 days. NI rate is higher in moderate malnutrition, co-morbidities, immunocompromise patients. Main causes were gram negative (79.8%). The mortality rate of the patients with NI was 36.4% significantly higher than that of the patients without NI (8.6%)
Cross Infection ; Child

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The validity of hysterosalpinggography for the diagnosis of tubal occlusion

Bui Thi Phuong Nga

Journal Ho Chi Minh Medical.2005;9(2):86-89.

Study on 219 infertility patients treated at Tu Du Hospital from September 2002 to May 2003, in order to evaluate the validity of hysterosalpinggography (HSG) for the diagnosis of tubal occlusion by direct laparoscopic assessment of tubal patent degree. The results showed that: HSG is valuable for the diagnosis of proximal tubal occlusion with the specificity of 72.24% and the negative predictive value of 96.4%. HSG is also considered as a screening test for the diagnosis of distal tubal occlusion with the sensitivity of 88.55% and the positive predictive value is 76.66%
Sterilization, Tubal ; Diagnosis

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Cardiac markers responses to coronary bypass graft (CABG) surgery with cardio pulmonary bypass and aortic clamping

Nguyen Thi Quy

Journal Ho Chi Minh Medical.2005;9(2):89-95.

Quantitive assessments of serum cTnl, CK-MB in 106 coronary bypass graft (CABG) patients at base line after anesthesia induction; at the end of operation, and at every 6 hours during the first 24h post-operation and then, on 2nd, 3rd, and 5th postoperative day. The serum cTnl and CK-MB significantly increased from the end of the surgery to 5th postoperative day with the peak value (50.82 ± 31.72 mg/ml and 70.78 ± 64 UI/ml, respectively) reached on average 8-10h after the aortic unclamping. The aortic cross-clamping time correlated slight positively to the pear of the serum cTnl and CK-MB on the first postoperative day. The finding showed that the postoperative increase of cTnl levels in the CAGB patients resulted from several factors. The most important contributing factor was the cross clamping time, other ones were the cardioplegia types
Coronary Artery Bypass ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass

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Effect of antibiotic prophylaxis in laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Pham Van Tan

Journal Ho Chi Minh Medical.2005;9(2):96-99.

A randomized study was carried out on 123 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patients were divided into two groups: one group used antibiotic prophylaxis (63 patients) and the other used postoperative antibiotic therapy (60 patients). Antibiotic prophylaxis can be administered by oral route, intramuscular injection or intravenous injection. Oral drugs were used at 6 to 12h before surgery. Intramuscular injections were performed at 1 to 2h before surgery and intravenous injection was most commonly used at beginning of anesthesia. Antibiotic prophylaxis was indicated for clean-infective surgery. The effects of antibiotics in two groups were not different. Cost of antibiotic prophylaxis was 3-5 folds cheaper than postoperative antibiotics
Cholecystectomy ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Laparoscopy

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Special histopathological features of the uncinate processes

Phan Chien Thang

Journal Ho Chi Minh Medical.2005;9(2):100-103.

The study was carried out on 39 patients (18 male, 21 female, mean ages: 36.3 years old). Total of uncinate processes samples were 49. Of 39 patients, 29 patients were removed uncinate processes in one side and 10 patients were removed uncinate processes in two sides. The mean time of sinusitis was over 3 months in 32 cases (82%), 1 to 3 months in 3 cases (7.7%), and under 1 month in 4 cases (10.3%). 10 samples from uncinate processes in two side had the same histopathological lesions
Sinusitis ; Diagnosis

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Correlation between carotid artery intima-media thickness measured by ultrasonography with atherosclerotic risk factors

Dao Thi Thanh Binh

Journal Ho Chi Minh Medical.2005;9(2):104-108.

The study was carried out in 60 patients with chest pain admitted at Nguyen Trai Hospital in order to assess the correlation between carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) with the atherosclerotic risk factors. Results: IMT of right carotid artery positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, LDL level and negative correlated with HDL level, IMT of left carotid artery positively correlated with LDL level. IMT was linearly related to the total number of vascular risk factors. IMT had closed correlation with the age of subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases ; Risk Factors ; Ultrasonography

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Results of laparoscopic cholecytectomy for acute calculus cholecystitis

Nguyen Van Hai

Journal Ho Chi Minh Medical.2005;9(2):109-113.

A retrospective study was carried out on 66 patients (44 female, 22 male), mean age: 55.8 (31-87 years old) who were undergone laparoscopic cholecytectomy (LC) for acute calculus cholecystitis. Among them, 22 patients (33.3%) had one or more associated internal diseases. 12 patients (18.2%) had gangrenous cholecystitis. LC was successful in 61 patients (92.4%), other 5 patients (7.6) were transferred to open procedure. In 55 patients (83.3%), LC was performed with 3-trocar technique. The mean operative time was 108 ± 41 minutes (from 40 to 295 minutes). The mean hospital stay was 4 ± 1.8 days (range 2 to 11 days). Complications occurred in 10.6% of patients. There was no intraoperative bile duct injury and there was no death in this study
Cholecystitis ; Laparoscopy

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