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Advances of research in ion channels in idiopathic epilepsy

Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences).2003;0(05):-.

Epilepsy is a kind of brain dysfunction syndrome caused by so many reasons instead of a certain disease. Abnormal neuron discharge can cause epilepsy. Idiopathic epilepsy refers to epilepsy or epilepsy syndrome without any latent reasons but inherited trait. Idiopathic epilepsy is confirmed as an ion channelopathy at present. The first genemutation was found in idiopathic epilepsy in 1995, and a lot of genes coding either voltage-gated or ligand-gated ion channels have been found since then. In the present review, some new advances in research on ion channels dysfunction in idiopathic epilepsy are summarized.

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Application of sensitive sulphur electrode assay to measure and analyze cystathionine-?-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway of cardiovascular tissues, cells and plasma in rats

Bin GENG ; Junbao DU ; Chaosh TANG

Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences).2003;0(05):-.

Objective:To constract a method of measurement microamount hydrogen sulfide (H_2S) using sensitive sulphur electrode. Methods: According to the physical and chemical characters of H_2S, H_2S, which in the fluids by mean of physical dissolve and chemical shape, is turned to sulphur ion (S 2-) by chemical responses. After the microamount of S 2- was measured by sensitive sulphur electrode, and the concentration of H_2S was converted, a method was constructed to measure the H_2S. It was used to analyze the concentrations of H_2S of plasma in rats and humans, the endogenous concentration of H_2S of cardiovascular tissue in rats, and CSE activity of cardiovascular tissues and cells. Results: The exponential regression of S 2- in the extent including 1 to 80 ?mol/L was found using sensitive sulphur electrod. The H_2S levels of plasma in male and female rats were 40?4 and 41?5 ?mol/L, respectively, and significant difference was not found; those in venous blood plasma of men and women were 33?4 ?mol/L and 35?5 ?mol/L respectively, without significant difference. There were not significant differences in the aortic endogenous levels of H_2S (24?6 and 25?5 nmol/mg pro) and myocardial levels (19?4 and 19?6 nmol/mg protein) between female and male rats. There were no different results of CSE activity in aortal tissue using sensitive sulphur electrode or traditional methods, however, the CSE activity of vascular smooth muscle cells could be accurately measured using sensitive sulphur electrode, which was difficult in using traditional method. Conclusion: The sensitive sulphur electrode assay was fit for the analysis of CSE/H_2S pathway in cardiovascular research.

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Comparative study of the effecs of removing plaque by two toothbrushing methods

Jinghua ZHANG ; Yueqin SHA ; Caifang CAO

Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences).2003;0(05):-.

Objective: To compare the effecte of removing plaque by two toothbrushing methods. Methods: Forty subjects were chosen to take part in the randomized、examiner-blind、crossover study. Results: Modified Bass method has better effect of removing plaque, especially that at the central margin than Vertical method(P

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Comparison of two methods of isolation and culture of osteoclasts and the dynamic observation of bone resorption

Binbin LI ; Shifeng YU ; Shuzhen PANG

Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences).2003;0(05):-.

Objective: To study the origin, morphological structure, and functional regulation of osteoclast(OC) for further investigation on the mechanism and regulation of bone resorption. Methods: The OCs were isolated by two kinds of traditional method. Osteoclasts were isoclated from neonatal rat long bones. The cytochemistry was observed. The osteoclast-like cells (OLC) were derived from the mouse bone marrow cells in the presence of 1,25(OH)2VitD3 in vitro. Results: Both morphological and functional studies showed that the isolated cells shared some of the typical characteristics of osteoclasts, that is A. multinuclearity; B. developing spreading and pseudopodial activity when cultured on glass; C. high tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP); D. resorption lacunae could be found when the cells were cocultured with devitalized bone slices and the number was increased as the time followed. OLC had the same histological and structural traits as the OCs by the former method. The concentration of Ca 2+ and acid phosphatase (ACP) increased gradually. Conclusion: Different kinds of method fit different experiments. The OC obtained by the first method has more activity of bone resorption. The OLC by the second method has more in quantity and can be used in the study of cell differentiation.

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Preparation,release and immunogenicity evaluation of HBsAg-PLGA microspheres

Li FENG ; Xingjun ZHOU ; Xianron QI

Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences).2003;0(05):-.

Objective: To investigate microencapsulation technique, release of HBsAg-PLGA microspheres and degradation of the polymer in vitro, and the level of immune response after the single-dose HBsAg-PLGA microspheres subcutaneously injected (sc) to BALB/c mice. Methods: HBsAg-PLGA microspheres were prepared by double emulsion microencapsulation technique with orthogonal experiments. The pharmaceutical characteristics of size and surface morphology, antigen loading efficiency, release of HBsAg-PLGA microspheres and degradation of the polymer in vitro, and the level of immune response after single sc of PLGA microspheres in BALB/c mice were investigated. Results: The concentration of PVA was the significant factor affecting the particle size (P

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Clinical study of higher order wavefront aberrations with a Tscherning aberrometer

Yueguo CHEN ; Yanying ZHONG ; Yingjie XIA

Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences).2003;0(05):-.

Objective: To study the higher order aberrations of emmetropic and ametropic eyes with wavefront aberrometer. Methods: Forty of cases 77 emmetropic and ametropic eyes were measured with an aberrometer based on Tscherning's principle with the pupils dilated. The Zernike coefficients and root mean square values of wavefront aberrations up to the 6th order were recorded and statistically analyzed. Results: The C06,C07,C08,C12,C13,C14,C24,C26,and C27 were significantly different from zero under 7 mm pupil size and the C06,C10,C12,C23,and C24 were significantly different from zero under 4 mm pupil size. There was no significant difference of higher order wavefront aberrations between emmetropic and ametropic eyes. Comparing the age of 40 years or less with the age over 40 years, there were significant differences in RMS3 between the two under 7 mm pupil size, and statistical diffenences in RMS6 and RMSh between the two under 4 mm pupil size. Conclusion: There are certain higher order wavefront aberrations in the normal human eyes, especially with the pupis dilated. No differences are found in higher order aberrations between emmetropic and ametropic eyes. The higher order aberrations of the age over 40 years are more than those of the age of 40 years or younger.

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Changes of coagulation and fibrinolysis system in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in lung fibrosis

Yanping ZHANG ; Junyi MA

Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences).2003;0(05):-.

Objective: To investigate the activity of coagulation and fibrinolysis systems in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in lung fibrosis in rats, and to study their role in diagnosis of lung fibrosis. Methods: Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=18 in each group ). Lung fibrosis and control models were made by tracheal instillation bleomycinA_5 (BLMA_5) (5 mg/kg) and saline. On days 7, 14 and 28, the recalcification time points of normal pooled plasma for studying procoagulation activity (PCA), the levels of von Willebrand Factor (vWF), the activities of Antithrombin-Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ) , plasminogen activity inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and urokanise-type plasminogen activator(uPA) in BALF were measured respectively. Results: (1) In BLM group,the recalcification time points in BALF were (56?10), (78?3) and (172?11) seconds respectively, they were (190?10), (186?8) and (184?6) seconds respectively in control group. The difference was significant(P

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Expression of survivin and its clinical significance in non-small cell lung cancer

Yingjia REN ; Qingyu ZHANG

Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences).2003;0(05):-.

Objective: To investigate the expression of survivin in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and analyze its relationship with clinic opathological features and the expression of p53. Methods: The expression of survivin and p53 in 61 cases of NSCLC were detected by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies against human survivin protein and P53, respectively. Results: The expression of survivin in NSCLC could be detected in cytoplasm and/or in nucleus. The overall immunoreactivity was found in 77.0% (47/61) of tumors. Cytoplasmic, nuclear and both immunoreactivities were present in 26.2% (16/61), 8.2% (5/61) and 42.62%(26/61) respectively. The cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoreactivities in squamous cell carcinoma (57.6%, 19/33) were higher than that in adenocarcinoma (25%, 7/28) and there was significant difference (P

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Hormone regulation of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in mouse uterus

Yaoting GUI ; Jing YU ; Zhiming CAI

Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences).2003;0(05):-.

Objective: To investigate the effects of estrogen and progesterone on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR) in mouse uterus. Methods: 3-week-old immature female mice were randomly divided into 7 groups and treated with corn oil, estradiol (E2) of 1.5, 3.0, 10, 25 ng, progesterone (P) of 100 ?g and (E_2 10 ng + P 100 ?g)/mouse, respectively. After the treatment for 48 h, mouse uterus was collected to isolate total RNA. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of mRNA isoforms of VEGF and its receptors in mouse uterus. Results: Compared with control, both E_2 and P significantly increased the expression of VEGF164 and VEGF120 mRNA in mouse uterus. The expression of VEGFR2 mRNA, not VEGF1 mRNA, was decreased by E_2 treatment in a dose-independent manner. Conclusion: Both estradiol and progesterone up-regulated the expression of VEGF, but estradiol down-regulated the expression of VEGFR2 in mouse uterus.

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Diagnostic significance of combined detection of rheumatoid factor and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis

Rong MU ; Xiaoyun SUN ; Zhanguo LI

Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences).2003;0(05):-.

Objective:To evaluate the significance of the combination of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-filaggrin antibodies (AFAs) in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods:Sera from 266 RA patients and 186 controls were studied. RF and some kinds of AFAs (including antikeratin antibodies, anti-perinuclear factor and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies) were detected using immunofluorescence and ELISA respectively. The distributions of these antibodies were compared to determine the significance of the combination of RF and AFAs. Results:The sensitivity and secificity of RF for the diagnosis of RA were 65.8% and 81.8% respectively, as compared with those of anti-CCP or RF positive were 86.5% and 80.6% respectively. Only a slight change was found in the secificity and negative predictive value between them. RF could not be detected in 91 patients while 64.8% of them could be found to have at least one kind of AFAs. Conclusion:AFAs, particular anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, could be helpful for the diagnosis of RA especially in RF-negative patients.

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