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Studies on relative factors of vascular parkinsonism

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2009;11(8):594-596. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2009.08.011

Objective To investigate the relative factors of vascular parkinsonism(VP),in order to provide a clinical basis for early diagnosis of VP. Methods The method of prospective cohort study was used. The first cerebral infarction was taken as the initiating event. All the cases were followed up for 4 years. When they suffered from VP or died of VP, the follow-up was termina-ted. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for VP. Results Fifty-four pa-tients developed VP in 404 patients with first cerebral infarction,the incidence rate was 13.4%.According to the typing standard of OCSP,in the 404 patients, the incidence of VP was highest in lacunar infarction group(42 cases, 20.4%). The main risk factors for VP included age (P=0.043, OR = 1. 135,95% CI: 1. 010-1. 275),hypertension history (P=0.032, OR=2.019,95% CI: 1.247-4.746), blood viscosity (P=0.041, OR=1.724,95% CI: 1.036-3.058) and fibrinogen (P=0.001, OR=2.241,95% CI: 1.272-5.473). Conclusion During follow-up for 4 years,the incidence rate of VP in patients with first cerebral infarction is 13.4%. Lacunar in-farction is apt to cause occurrence of VP. Age, hypertension history, blood viscosity and fibrinogen are risk factors for VP. VP may be caused by multiple factors and multiple mechanisms.

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Analysis of the characteristics of pulse pressure index in elderly men with hypertension

Yanran LI ; Yajie ZHAO ; Cuiyan JIN

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2009;11(8):578-580. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2009.08.006

Objective To analyze the characteristics of pulse pressure index(PPI) and its value in predicting the risk for cerebral and cardiac vascular events in old males with hypertension. Meth-ods The 24-hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed in a total of 265 elderly men with essential hypertension(EH). The patients were classified into 3 groups based on the lev-el of PPI.PPI≤0.400(103) ,0. 401-0. 500(124) ,and≥0.501(38). Results There was significant difference in PP between day-time and night-time in hypertensive patients. The change of PPI was less than that of PP. With the increase in PPI, SBP(24 h, day-time, night-time), PP(24 h, day-time, night-time), the load of SBP(night-time), systolic blood pressure variation(BPV, 24 h, day-time) were raised significantly (P<0.01); while DBP(24 h, day-time, night-time), nocturnal de-cline in BP and the load of DBP(day-time) declined with the decrease in PPI (P<0.01). High PPI would increase the incidence of cardiac-cerebral vascular events (P < 0.01). Conclusion PPI is a useful parameter in clinical evaluation of arteriosclerosis. It may also have prognostic value for cardiac-cerebral vascular events in elderly men with EH.

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Classification of etiology in 48 acute isolated pontine infarction patients

yi Yi WANG ; xia Chuan LI

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2017;19(10):1074-1077. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2017.10.017

Objective To analyze the classification of etiology in 48 patients with acute isolated pontine infarction (IPI),a special subtype of ischemic stroke,according to the characteristics of Chinese ischemic stroke subclassification (CISS) and Kumral ischemic stroke subclassification.Methods The basic characteristics,risk factors,clinical manifestations of 48 acute IPI patients were analyzed according to the CISS and Kumral ischemic stroke subclassification.Results Hypertension (70.83 ％),smoking (64.58 ％),hyperlipidemia (50.00 ％),and abnormal glucose metabolism (37.50％) were the major risk factors for acute IPI.Of the 48 acute IPI patients,38 (79.17％) manifestated as hemiplegia and 15 (31.25％) manifestated as dizziness,33 (68.75％) were diagnosed as paramedian pontine infarction,a most common location of IPI,16 (33.33％) were diagnosed as large artery occlusion,a major subtype of IPI,according to the Kumral ischemic stroke subclassification,17 (35.42％) were diagnosed as intracranial and extracranial large artery atherosclerosis according to the CISS (P=0.830).Conclusion IPI is mainly manifested as paramedian pontine infarction.Large artery occlusion according to the Kumral ischemic stroke subclassification and intracranial and extracranial large artery atherosclerosis according to the CISS are the major subtypes of IPI.IPI is diagnosed when a large part of brainstem is involved.

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Characteristics of quantitative EEG in epilepsy patients after ischemic stroke

fang Qing HE ; Hong ZHOU ; yan Min LU

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2017;19(10):1070-1073. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2017.10.016

Objective To study the characteristics of quantitative EEG in epilepsy patients after ischemic stroke.Methods Sixty-seven first-ever epilepsy patients after ischemic stroke served as an observation group and 74 age-matched healthy persons served as a control group in this study.The quantitative EEG power spectra of two groups,including δ (0.8-3.9 Hz),θ (4.0-7.7 Hz),α (7.8-12.9 Hz) and β (13.0-20.0 Hz),were analyzed using the Z2N-F32w EEG device made in Shanghai.The (δ+θ)/(α+β) power value on different regions of brain between the two groups was computerized and used as an observation index.Results The ischemic stroke size was not related with the (δ+θ)/(α+β) power value in observation group (P＞0.05).The (δ+θ)/(α+β)power value on the left frontal area (3.15±2.63 vs 1.97±1.42,P=0.002),right frontal area (3.17±2.53 vs 1.88±1.46,P=0.000),left central area (2.69±2.59 vs 1.65±1.28,P=0.004),left parietal area (2.58±2.45 vs 1.28±1.10,P=0.000),right parietal area (2.69±2.81 vs 1.21± 1.06,P=0.000),left occipital area,right occipital area,left temporal area and right temporal area was significantly higher in observation group than in control group (P＜0.01).No significant difference was found in (δ+θ)/(α+β) power value on the right central lobe and left occipital lobe between the two groups and between early and late onset epilepsy patients after ischemic stroke (P＞0.05).Conclusion Quantitative EEG plays an important role both in diagnosis of epilepsy and in assessment of abnormal brain electrical activity in epilepsy patients after ischemic stroke.

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Assessment of right ventricular function in pulmonary hypertension patients according to their tricuspid annular plane systolic excursin

mei Xue LI ; fu Jing LI ; yuan Yuan LI

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2017;19(10):1055-1057. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2017.10.012

Objective To assess the right ventricular function in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients according to their tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.Methods Ninety PH patients admitted to our hospital from October 2014 to September 2015 were divided into mild PH group (n=30),moderate PH group (n=30) and severe PH group (n=30) with 30 individuals undergoing physical examination served as a control group.Their right ventricular transverse diameter,right atrial transverse diameter,main pulmonary artery diameter,and respiration variations of inferior vena cava,tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion of right ventricular free wall were measured by ultrasonography.Results The right ventricular transverse diameter,right atrial transverse diameter,main pulmonary artery diameter were significantly longer and the suction collapse rate was significantly lower in mild PH group,moderate PH group and severe PH group than in control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion was significantly shorter in moderate PH group and severe PH group than in control group (12.9± 3.2 cm,10.1±3.1 cm vs 23.4±2.2 cm,P＜0.01).However,no significant difference was found in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion between moderate PH group and control group (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion The tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion is shorter and the right ventricular function is lower in PH patients.Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion can sensitively show the right ventricular function in PH patients and is thus a reliable predictor for their right ventricular function.

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Effect of siRNA-interfered endogenous Kit6.2 gene in PC12 cells on rotenone-induced cell damage and signal pathway

kun Xiao LIU ; Gang WANG ; Xu CHEN

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2017;19(10):1085-1089. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2017.10.020

Objective To study the effect of siRNA-interfered endogenous Kir6.2 gene deletion on rotenone-induced cell damage and signal pathway according to the expression of siRNA-interfered endogenous Kir6.2 gene.Methods The expression of endogenous Kir6.2 gene in PC12 cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western bolt.The viability of PC12 cells was tested using WST-1.The expression of PKC and phosphorylated PKC in PC12 cells was detected by Western blot in negative control group,siRNA/Kir6.2 group,siRNA/Kir6.2 + rotenone group,siRNA/Kir6.2+ rotenone+PKC inhibitor group before and afer treatment with rotenone.Results RT-PCR showed that the interference was successful in siRNA/Kir6.2/group 1 and siRNA/Kir6.2/ group 2.Western blot displayed that the expression level of endogenous Kir 6.2 gene was significantly lower in siRNA/Kir6.2/ group 1 than in negative control group (0.55±0.07 vs 0.89±0.09,P＜ 0.05).WST-1 revealed that the viability of PC12 cells was significantly lower in siRNA/Kir6.2 group than in negative control group (P＜0.05).Western blot demonstrated that the expression of PKC and phosphorylated PKC was significantly lower in siRNA/Kir6.2+-rotenone+PKC inhibitor group than in the other three group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Endogenous Kir6.2 can protect PC12 cells against the toxicity of rotenone and plays an important role in regulating the rotenone-induced viability of PC12 cells by activating the phosphorylated PKC.

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Mechanism of high glucose level underlying dysfunction of human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Xu LIU ; chao Hong YIN

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2017;19(10):1081-1084. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2017.10.019

Objective To study the mechanism of high glucose level underlying the dysfunction of HUVEC.Methods The HUVEC were divided into normal control group,mannitol control group,and high glucose (33 mmol/L) control group after they were isolated and cultured.Expression of RICTOR protein was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively.RICTOR-transfected overexpressed adenovirus served as a high glucose adenovirus group and RICTOR-transfected AD-GFP served as a high glucose blank virus group.The phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS was detected by Western blot and the volume of released NO was measured with nitrate reductase.Results The expression level of RICTOR protein was significantly lower in high glucose control group than in normal control group (1.00±0.16 vs 2.69±0.07,P＜0.01) and was significantly higher in high glucose adenovirus group than in high glucose blank virus group (0.57±0.03 vs 0.29 ± 0.02,P＜0.01).The phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS was significantly higher and the volume of released NO from HUVEC was significantly larger in high glucose adenovirus group than in high glucose blank virus group (0.95±-0.05 vs 0.56±0.04,P＜0.01;0.97±0.05 vs 0.55±0.07,P＜0.01;0.85±0.06 vs 0.56±0.04,P＜0.05).Conclusion Upregulating the expression of RICTOR protein can improve high glucose-induced dysfunction of HUVEC.

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Clinical characteristics of elderly female acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients

guang Chen YANG ; Fang WANG

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2017;19(10):1039-1042. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2017.10.008

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of elderly female acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.Methods One hundred and eight ≥60 years old acute STEMI patients admitted to our hospital from November 2015 to February 2017 were divided into male group (n=63) and female group (n=45).Their clinical baseline data,coronary artery intervention and outcome in hospital were compared between the two groups.Results The age of disease onset was significantly older and the eGFR was significantly lower in female group than in male group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The incidence of typical chest pain and the LVEF were significantly lower while the serum NT-proNBP level was significantly higher,the left ventricular end diastolic pressure diameter was significantly longer and the CRUSADE score was significantly lower in female group than in male group (P＜0.01).The incidence of 3-blood vessel lesion was significantly higher,the diameter of implanted stents was significantly shorter in female group than in male group (P＜0.05).However,the hospital stay time was significantly longer and the incidence of angina pectoris and recurrent heart failure after myocardial infarction was significantly higher in female group than in male group following reperfusion therapy (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion The clinical symptoms are more atypical,the lesion is severer,the heart function is poorer,the incidence of complications after myocardial infarction is higher,and the risk of bleeding is greater in elderly female STEMI patients than in elderly male STEMI patients.

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Role of TLR2 in AngⅡ-induced cardiac fibrosis in hypertensive mice

Hongjuan Lü ; Xiaomin KANG

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2014;(8):860-862. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2014.08.023

Objective To study the role of TLR2 in AngⅡ-induced cardiac fibrosis in hypertensive mice .Methods Eighteen wild C57 mice were randomly divided into blank control group ,AngⅡgroup and TLR2 blocking group (6 in each group) .A hypertension model was established by sub-cutaneous infusion of AngⅡthrough a mini-pump for 7 days .Cardiac fibrosis in mice was observed with immunohistochemical staining .Results The area of cardiac fibrosis was significantly larger and the expression levels of collagen Ⅰ and TGF-βwere significantly higher in Ang Ⅱgroup than in blank control group (P<0 .05) .The area of cardiac fibrosis was 71 .2% smaller ,the expression level of collagen Ⅰ was 75 .5% ,and the expression level of TLR2 was 77 .7% lower in TLR2 blocking group than in Ang Ⅱgroup (P<0 .05) .Conclusion TLR2 is involved in Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiac fibrosis in hypertensive mice .

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Therapeutic effect of high-dose atorvastatin on acute ischemic stroke

Quanxin ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2014;(8):843-845. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2014.08.018

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of high-dose atorastatin on acute ischemic stroke (AIS) .Methods One hundred and twenty-six AIS patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group (63 in each group) .The therapeutic effect of high-dose atora-statin and nerve function scores were compared 2 weeks after the patients in control group re-ceived anti-platelet aggregation ,cerebral protection and radical scavenging treatment and those in treatment group underwent anti-platelet aggregation ,cerebral protection and radical scavenging treatment plus atorvastatin treatment (60 mg/d) .Results The effective and very effective rates were significantly higher and the NIHSS score of nerve function was significantly lower in treat-ment group than in control group (66 .67% vs 44 .44% ,P<0 .05 ,88 .89% vs 63 .49% ,P<0 .01 ;10 .1 ± 1 .5 vs 15 .5 ± 1 .2 ,P<0 .01) .No severe adverse reacrion occurred in two groups .Conclu-sion Hgh-dose atorastatin is very effective and safe for AIS with no significant adverse effect , and is thus worthy of popularization in clinical practice .

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