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β3-adrenoceptor in heart and lungs of elderly heart failure rats

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2017;19(11):1192-1195. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2017.11.018

Objective To study the β3-adrenoceptor (β3-AR) in heart and lungs of elderly heart failure (HF) rats.Methods Forty-eight elderly HF Wistar rats were included in this study.A HF model of rats was established by ligating the aorta.The rats were divided into sham operation group (n=24) and HF group (n=24).The rats in each group were further divided into 4 subgroups at weeks 5,7,9 and 11 after operation (6 in each group).The hemodynamics,pathology and expression of β3-AR mRNA and protein in heart and lungs were detected at weeks 5,7,9 and 11 respectively after operation.Results The heart rate,LVESP,and dp/dtmax were significantly lower in HF group than in sham operation group at weeks 9 and 11 after operation while the LVEDP was significantly higher in HF group than in sham operation group at weeks 5,7,9 and 11 after operation (P＜0.01).Pulmonary edema occurred at week 7 after operation and myocardial necrosis was detected at week 9 after operation.The expression level of β3-AR mRNA in lungs was significantly lower in HF group at weeks 5,7,9 and 11 than at week 2 after operation (P＜0.05).The expression level of β3-AR mRNA in heart was significantly higher in HF group than in sham operation group at weeks 9 and 11 after operation (1.21±0.26 vs 0.98±0.22,1.26±0.23 vs 1.05±0.24,P＜0.01).Conclusion The β3-AR mRNA expression is downregulated in the lungs and upregulated in the heart.

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Association between chronic kidney disease and dilated Virchow-Robin space

qi You KONG ; Yue LI ; li Wen HU

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2017;19(11):1187-1191. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2017.11.017

Objective To study the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dilated Virchow-Robin space (dVRS) in acute lacunar ischemic stroke patients.Methods A total of 1078 acute lacunar ischemic stroke patients admitted to our hospital were divided into mild dVRS group 1 (n=737) and moderate-severe dVRS group 1 (n=341) according to the severity of their dVRS in basal ganglia (BG),and into mild dVRS group 2 (n=789) and moderate-severe dVRS group 2 (n =289) according to the severity of their dVRS in centrum semiovale (CSO).Their kidney function was assessed according to the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).CKD was classified into stage 1,stage 2,stage 3a and stage 3b.The association between renal function and dVRS was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results The age was older,the number of females was greater,the incidence of hypertension and CKD was higher,the proportion of smoking was lower in moderate-severe dVRS group 1 than in mild dVRS group 1 (P＜0.05).The incidence of hypertension was higher in moderate-severe dVRS group 2 than mild dVRS group 2 (P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,hypertension,stage 2 CKD,stage 3a CKD and stage 3b CKD were the independent risk factors for severe dVRS in BG (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Hypertension was an independent risk factor for severe dVRS in CSO (P=0.04).Conclusion CKD is an important risk factor for dVRS in BG.However,it is not associated with dVRS in CSO.This result highlights the different pathological mechanisms and risk factors for dVRS in BG and CSO.

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Lemple-Zie complexity in mild cognitive impairment patients

ju Ben ZHU ; Xu CHEN

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2017;19(11):1129-1132. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2017.11.003

Objective To study the characteristics of brain function in different cognitive states.Methods Fifty mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients admitted to our hospital from August 2012 to August 2014 served as a MCI group and 45 elderly people undergoing physical examination served as a control group in this study.The electroencephalography (EEG) signals of patients were recorded for 5 minutes in cognitive load state with their eyes closed.The Lemple-Zie complexity (LZC) was assayed and analyzed.Results The LZC in different brain regions was significantly higher in control group than in MCI group (P＜0.05).The decreasing amplitude of LZC on leads T3,FP1,FP2,F3,F4,P3,P4 was significantly greater (＞20％) in MCI group than in control group (P＜0.01).No significant difference in LZC was found in rest state and cognitive load state between the two groups (P＞0.05).The LZC was significantly lower and the decreasing amplitude of LZC on leads F7,F8,T3,T4,FP1,FP2,F3,F4,P3 was significantly greater in cognitive load state than in rest state in MCI group (P＞0.05).Conclusion The changing LZC can show the brain function and can thus be used an objective EEG nonlinear detection method of cognitive function.

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Association between Hp infection and insulin resistance in vascular dementia patients

xue Ke LUO ; Jie BIAN

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2017;19(11):1142-1144. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2017.11.006

Objective To study the association of Hp infection and insulin resistance (IR) with vascular dementia (VaD).Methods Eighty-six elderly VaD patients admitted to our hospital from April 2015 to April 2016 served as a VaD group and 52 healthy subjects undergoing physical examination served as a control group in this study.The patients in VaD group were further divided into Hp-positive group (n =50) and Hp-negative group (n =36).Their fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (FINS) levels were measured with positive C13 urea breath test as the diagnostic index of Hp infection.HOMA-IR=FINS× FBG/22.5 was calculated according to the self balance model analysis.Results The positive Hp rate,serum FBG and FINS levels,and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in VaD group than in control group (58.14％ vs 28.58％,x2=10.273,P=0.002;5.53±0.60 mmol/L vs 5.19±0.38 mmol/L,P=0.0004;10.29±4.95 μIU/L vs 8.77±4.02 μIU/L,P=0.0317;2.57±1.34 vs 2.06±0.96,P=0.0179).The serum FBG and FINS levels and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in Hp-positive group than in Hp-negative group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Hp infection and IR are closely associated with VaD,and can thus lead to the occurrence or progression of VaD by inducing or aggravating IR.

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Role of N-acetylcysteine in protecting rats against contrast-induced acute kidney injury

Xiaoyu LI ; Yongmin MAO ; Naikuan FU

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2015;(9):964-967. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2015.09.020

Objective To study the role of N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) in protecting rats against con‐trast‐induced acute kidney injury .Methods Forty‐five adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group ,model group and NAC group (15 in each group) .Their serum levels of creati‐nine ,CRP ,TNF‐a were measured before ,and 48 and 72 h after contrast medium injection .The an‐imals were killed 72 h after contrast medum injection .Their serum levels of malondialdehyde , SOD ,NO were measured .Eexpressions of Bax and Bcl‐2 were detected .Results The serum levels of creatinine ,CRP ,TNF‐a ,malondialdehyde and the expression level of Bax were significantly higher in model group and NAC group than in control group ,and in model group than in NAC group after contrast injection (P< 0 .05) .The serum levels of SOD and NO and the expression level of Bcl‐2 were significantly lower in model group and NAC group than in control group ,and in model group than in NAC group after constrast injection (P< 0 .05) .Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the TGFβ1 expression level was significantly higher in model group and NAC group than in control group and was significantly lower in NAC group than in model group .Con‐clusion NAC can protect rats against kidney injury and reduce contrast‐induced acute kidney in‐jury by inhibiting inflammation ,oxidation ,apoptosis and cytokines .

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Risk assessment and outcome anaysis according to the abnormal ECG presentations in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Ling GU ; Shiping BIAN

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2015;(9):939-941. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2015.09.013

Objective To assess the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and analyze its out‐come by studying the abnormal ECG presentations in AMI patients .Methods The clinical data and ECG presentations of 381 AMI patients were retrospectively analyzed .The abnrmal ECG presentations and the mortalty were comparatively analyzed in AMI patients with multiple lead pathological Q wave ,elevated ST‐segment ,atrial fibrillation (AF) ,bundle branch conduction block ,cardiogenic shock ,and heart failure .Results T he incidence of cardiogenic shock ,heart fail‐ure and the mortality were significantly higher in patients with multiple lead pathological Q wave than in those without multiple lead pathological Q wave (58 .1% vs 21 .4% ,54 .3% vs 23.2% , 40.0% vs 6 .5% ,P<0 .05) and in patients with abnormal presentations such as elevated ST‐seg‐ment and AF than in those without abnormal ECG presentations (P<0 .05 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion Abnormal ECG presentations ,such as multiple lead pathological Q wave ,can be used as the evi‐dence for the risk and outcome of AMI .

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Prevalence of early morning hypertension in community elderly population

Qiaoqiao JIANG

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2015;(9):933-935. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2015.09.011

Objective To investigate the prevalence of early morning hypertension in elderly popu‐lation .Methods A total of 5569 elderly early morning hypertension patients with their age ≥60 years were divided into hypertension group (n= 2572) and non‐hypertension group (n= 2997) . The patients in hypertension group were divided into 60 -69 years old group ,70 -79 years old group ,and ≥80 years old group while those in non‐hypertension group were also divided into 60-69 years old group ,70-79 years old group ,and ≥80 years old group .The prevalence of ear‐ly morning hypertension and its distribution characteristics were analyzed in the elderly patients . Results The prevalence of early morning hypertension was 33 .0% in the 5569 elderly patients . The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in female early morning hypertension patiens than in male early morning hypertension patients and the prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension was higher in male patients than in female patients of hyperten‐sion group .The prevatence of early morning hypertension wea significantly higher in female pa‐tients than in male patients (P=0 .000)and the prevalence of early morning hypertension was sig‐nificantly higher in 60-69 years old female patients than in 60 -69 years old male patients and in ≥ 80 years old male patients than in ≥80 years old female patients of non‐hypertension group (P=0 .000 ,P= 0 .001) .Conclusion Routine blood pressure measurement in the morning is a most effective and simple method to measure early morning hypertension .Elderly females should thus pay more attention to their early morning hypertension .

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Role of TLR2 in AngⅡ-induced cardiac fibrosis in hypertensive mice

Hongjuan Lü ; Xiaomin KANG

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2014;(8):860-862. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2014.08.023

Objective To study the role of TLR2 in AngⅡ-induced cardiac fibrosis in hypertensive mice .Methods Eighteen wild C57 mice were randomly divided into blank control group ,AngⅡgroup and TLR2 blocking group (6 in each group) .A hypertension model was established by sub-cutaneous infusion of AngⅡthrough a mini-pump for 7 days .Cardiac fibrosis in mice was observed with immunohistochemical staining .Results The area of cardiac fibrosis was significantly larger and the expression levels of collagen Ⅰ and TGF-βwere significantly higher in Ang Ⅱgroup than in blank control group (P<0 .05) .The area of cardiac fibrosis was 71 .2% smaller ,the expression level of collagen Ⅰ was 75 .5% ,and the expression level of TLR2 was 77 .7% lower in TLR2 blocking group than in Ang Ⅱgroup (P<0 .05) .Conclusion TLR2 is involved in Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiac fibrosis in hypertensive mice .

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Therapeutic effect of high-dose atorvastatin on acute ischemic stroke

Quanxin ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2014;(8):843-845. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2014.08.018

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of high-dose atorastatin on acute ischemic stroke (AIS) .Methods One hundred and twenty-six AIS patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group (63 in each group) .The therapeutic effect of high-dose atora-statin and nerve function scores were compared 2 weeks after the patients in control group re-ceived anti-platelet aggregation ,cerebral protection and radical scavenging treatment and those in treatment group underwent anti-platelet aggregation ,cerebral protection and radical scavenging treatment plus atorvastatin treatment (60 mg/d) .Results The effective and very effective rates were significantly higher and the NIHSS score of nerve function was significantly lower in treat-ment group than in control group (66 .67% vs 44 .44% ,P<0 .05 ,88 .89% vs 63 .49% ,P<0 .01 ;10 .1 ± 1 .5 vs 15 .5 ± 1 .2 ,P<0 .01) .No severe adverse reacrion occurred in two groups .Conclu-sion Hgh-dose atorastatin is very effective and safe for AIS with no significant adverse effect , and is thus worthy of popularization in clinical practice .

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Application of ABCD3-I score in predicting risk of early ischemic stroke after transient ischemic attack

Rong SHAO ; Chengying LIU

Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases.2014;(8):833-836. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2014.08.015

Objective To study the application of ABCD3-I score in predicting the risk of early is-chemic stoke after transient ischemic attack (TIA) .Methods One hundred and eighty-two carotid TIA patients were divided into low risk group (n=40) ,moderate risk group (n=74)and high risk group (n=68) according to their ABCD2 ,ABCD3 and ABCD3-I scores .The incidence of ischemic stroke was observed within 7 days after TIA .Results The area under the ROC curve for ischemic stroke within 7 days after TIA was 0 .625 ,0 .713 and 0 .831 ,respectively .Twenty-seven patients (14 .8% ) developed ischemic stroke within 7 days after TIA .The incidence of ischemic stroke was significantly higher in moderate and high risk groups than in low risk group and in high risk group than in moderate risk group (6 .8% vs 0% ,32 .4% vs 0% ,32 .4% vs 6 .8% ,P< 0 .01) .The ABCD3-I socre was positively related with the incidence of ischemic stroke within 7 days after TIA (r=0 .486 ,P<0 .01) ,suggesting that ABCD3-I socre could significantly affect the incidence of ischemic stroke within 7 days after TIA (P<0 .05) .Conclusion ABCD3-I score can effectively predict the risk of early ischemic stroke after TIA ,and can thus be used in assessment and treat-ment of T IA .

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