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Association between adverse childhood experiences, personality characteristics and male alcohol depen-dence

Zengxun LIU ; Zhenchun SHI ; Fenglin CAO

Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases.2014;(10):585-589. doi:10.3936/j.issn.1002-0152.2014.10.003

Objective To explore the correlation between adverse childhood experiences, personality characteris?tics and alcohol dependence. Methods A total of 102 patients with alcohol-dependence (Patients group) and 106 volun?teers (control group) were rated by the adverse childhood experience scale (ACEs) and the big five personality scale (BFP). Results The prevalence of ACEs are significant higher in patients group than in control group, especially regard?ing emotional abuse, physical neglect, witness violence and substance abuse. The patients group has lower scores of de?light, conscientiousness and higher scores of psychoticism. Psychoticism and parents abuse alcohol in childhood were the risk factors of alcohol dependence. Conclusions There is a correlation between alcohol dependence with their ACEs, per?sonality characteristics and parents abused substance. The psychoticism increase the risk of alcohol dependence.

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Long-term efficacy analysis of microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm.

Qijie SHAO ; Yanjun ZHONG ; Deyi DUAN ; Zhiqiang ZHANG ; Qilong CHENG

Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases.2001;27(2):122-123.

Objective 　To investigate the factors associated with long-term efficacy of microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. Methods　253 cases of hemifacial spasm treated with microvascular decompression were followed 13 to 144 months (mean 73 months). Results　Hemifacial spasms were obliterated in 232 cases (91.7%) and were partially relieved in 10 cases (4%). However, hemifacial spasm recurred 11 cases (4.3%). We re-operated on those who had recurrent hemifacial spasm and found that the material used for previous decompression had moved. The movement of decompression material could be the cause of spasm recurrence. Conclusions　Upholding of depression material around the blood vessels against movement near the facial nerve plays an important role for improving the long-term efficacy of MVD for hemifacial spasm.

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Microsurgical anatomy of optic canal in Chinese adults.

Fuguang HU ; Qingjun ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases.2001;27(2):119-121.

Objective 　To investigate the anatomic characteristics of optic canal in chinese adults. Methods　Twenty chinese cadaveric speciments fixed in formalin of chinese patients without intracranial and intraorbital disease. We measured the width and height of the intracranial opening and the intraorbital opening of the optic canal of all cases. The length of roof, floor, medial and lateral wall of the optic canal, and the width, the height of the middle protion were also measured after unroofing the canal with high-speed drilling. The degree of pneumatization of ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses was recorded. Results　The intracranial opening of the optic canal was a horizontal oval shape. The width of it was (5.05±0.42) mm and the height was (4.61±0.27) mm. The length of optic roof, optic floor, medial wall and lateral wall of the optic canal was (9.67±1.51) mm, (5.41±0.84) mm, (9.58±0.72) mm and (9.26±0.66) mm, respectively. The intraorbital opening of the optic canal was a vertical oval shape, the height and width of it was (5.30±0.64) mm and (5.62±0.83) mm respectively. Conclusions　The wall of the optic canal is thinner and there is a narrow portion in the middle of it. Depending on the degree of the pneumatization of sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinus, three types were divided into: 1. reversal U shape, 2. C shape, 3. D shape. The dura fold of the optic canal is long and its edge is sharp.

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Treatment of cystic craniopharyngiomas by CT-guided stereotactic neuroendoscopic resection and intratumoral chemotherapy.

Ding LEI ; Yuekang ZHANG ; Wei WANG ; Boyong MAO ; Lida GAO

Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases.2001;27(2):116-118.

Objective 　To investigate the treatment of cystic craniopharyngiomas by CT-guided stereotactic neuroendoscopic resection and intratumoral chemotherapy. Methods　16 cases of cystic craniopharyngiomas were partial resected by CT-guided stereotactic neuroendoscopy. Intratumoral chemotherapy with bleomycin were given postoperatively. Results　The clinical symptoms improved promptly after evacuations of cyst in all patients. No death or severe complications occurred. Follow-up (ranged from 2 to 3 years) CT or MRI indicated that the tumor cysts gradually regressed or disappeared. Conclusions　The treatment of CT-guided stereotactic endoscopic resection and intratumoral chemotherapy for cystic craniopharyngioma is safe and effective, which should be a very useful procedure in clinical practice.

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Quantitative thermal perception testing and quantitative vibratory sensation testing in Guillain-Barre syndrome and periphery polyneuropathy.

Sizhong MAO ; Weiwei DONG

Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases.2001;27(2):112-115.

Objective 　To evaluate the quantitative sensory testing in Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and polyneuropathy (PNP). Methods　The quantitative sensory test (QST) was performed with Thermal Sensory Analyzer(TSA-2001) and Vibratory Sensory Analyzer(VSA-6003). Thermal and vibratory sensory tests were performed in the left patients with GBS or PNP and healthy subjects, on four sites of the left limbs by the method of Limits. Stimultaneously sensory conduction velocity (SCV) was measured. Results　There were increased TT and VT on distal limbs in the patients with GBS (with or without the symptoms or signs of disturbance of sensation) and PNP. QST in GBS and PNP was more sensitive than the clinical examination and SCV. There was significant association between VT and SCV in GBS, but not a significant association between TT\, VT and SCV in PNP. There was a paradoxical heat sensation in two patients with uremic PNP. Conclusions　QST is a sensitive and reliable test and can be a useful test in the diagnosis of PNP.

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Evaluating cerebral blood flow autoregulation by critical closing pressure.

Qingchun GAO ; Ruxun HUANG ; Jinsheng ZENG ; Zhenpei SU ; Yingxian CHEN ; Jianwen CHEN

Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases.2001;27(2):109-111.

Objective 　To establish a new practical method to assess the cerebral blood flow autoregulation. Methods　We assessed the flow velociey of middle cerebral artery with transcranial Doppler and recorded invasively the blood presure simultaneonsly. Then on the basis of critical closing pressure (CCP), the lower limit of cerebral blood flow autoregulation and the blood flow resistance of arterioles were calculated.The data compared with the results generated by routine method. Results　The lower limit of autoregulation working out by CCP was 70.88±24.05 mmHg, which was similar to the result measured by routine method. The lower limit of autoregulation and the arteriole resistance in RHR were significantly higher than those of normal controls, and highly relate to arterial blood pressure significantly, especially pulse pressure. Conclusions　The physiology and pathology of cerebral blood flow can be evaluated conveniently and accurately by assessment of the lower limit of autoregulation and arterioles resistance with CCP.

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99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT imaging of dopamine transporter in early diagnosis of Parkinsons disease.

Weifeng LUO ; Shiyao BAO ; Jinchang WU ; Yu FU ; Chunfeng LIU ; Guofu SHAO ; Ping FANG

Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases.2001;27(2):106-108.

Objective 　To evaluate the value of 99m　Tc-TRODAT-1 SPECT DAT imaging in the early diagnosing of Parkinsons disease (PD).Methods　 Eleven patients (9 PD and 2 possible PD) and eighteen healthy subjects matched by sex and age were studied with 99m　Tc-TRODAT-1 SPECT DAT imaging. Striatum specific uptake of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 was calculated according to the ratio of DAT uptake in striatum (ST) and cerebellum (CB). Results　In the hemi-Parkinsons disease group, the DAT specific uptake of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 was significantly lower (P＜0.01) in contralateral than in ipsilateral striatum to the clinically symptomatic side. There was significant decrease (p＜0.01) of striatum DAT uptake in patients with hemi-PD compared to the controls.Conclusions　99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT DAT imaging may help to confirm the diagnosis of PD at the early stage.

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Investigation of complement C4A and C4B deficiency in schizophrenia.

Yichang CHEN ; Jiaqiang CHEN ; Liangcheng ZHANG ; Jiaobi CAI ; Xinrao WU

Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases.2001;27(2):103-105.

Objective 　To assess the association between the gene of complement C4A, C4B deficiency and schizophrenia. Methods　192 patients with schizophrenia and 142 healthy controls were tested with the amplification restriction fragment length polymorphism (Amp-RFLP) technique.Results　The frequency of C4AQ0/C4AQ0 homozygote was higher in the patient group than in the control group (χ2=8.54, P＜0.01). The relative risk (RR) of C4AQ0/C4AQ0 homozygote for schizophrenia was 6.8. There was no increased frequency of C4B deficiency in patients with schizophrenia (χ2=0.11, P＞0.05, RR=0.73).Conclusions　These results indicate that there is a positive association between complement C4A dificiency and schizophrenia. Moreover, our study did not support a widespread association between a deficiency in complement component C4B and schizophrenia.

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The regional cerebral blood flow of naive schizophrenia before and after drug treatment by 99mTc-ECD brain SPECT imaging.

Huafang LI ; Niufan GU ; Yan XIU ; Kaida JIANG ; Shaoliang CHEN

Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases.2001;27(2):99-102.

Objective 　To investigate the effect of risperidone on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and the relationship between efficacy and rCBF ratio. Methods　Twenty four naive schizophrenic patients (diagnosed according to the ICD 10) completed 8 weeks treatment with risperidone. Ten patients were male and 14 were female. Twenty six healthy controls were enrolled as control group. The treatment dose of risperidone was 3～6 mg/d. After 8 weeks treatment, brain imaging was conducted again. Results　Before treatment with risperidone, compared to the control group, the baseline rCBF ratios of left and right inferior posterior temporal of patients were higher and the cognitive activated rCBF ratios of left mid-lateral frontal was lower. After treatment, the baseline state rCBF ratios of right lateral temporal, left and right superior posterior temporal were significantly decreased. The cognitive activated rCBF ratios of left and right inferior medial frontal, left inferior lateral frontal, left superior fronto temporal and left superior lateral fronal significantly increased. The efficacy was correlated with changes of the baseline rCBF ratio in some RIOs. Conclusions　Risperidone could change the blood perfusion in some ROIs. It suggested that the perfusion in these ROIs could be useful for predicting treatment efficacy.

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Depressive symptoms in first episode schizophrenic patients.

Xianyun LI ; Phillips MICHAEL ; Peiyan ZHANG ; Zhongfu JI

Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases.2001;27(2):95-98.

Objective 　To investigate the prevalence, characteristics and correlates of depressive symptoms in first episode schizophrenic patients. Methods　To examine 164 first episode schizophrenic patients at the time of admission and at 3,6,9, and 12 months after starting treatment using the HAMD, BPRS, the Chinese version of SANS, CGI and GAF. Results　71% of the patients had depressive symptoms (mild or more) at damission, but the prevalence of depressive symptoms dropped to a mean of 12% during the recovery period. The most prominent depressive symptoms during the acute phase of schizophrenia were ‘cognitive disturbance’ and ‘retardation’ (the respective subscales constituted 35% and 29% of the total HAMD score on admission). Depressive symptoms improved in parallel with the schizophrenic illness. The severity of depressive symptoms was not related to gender, age of onset, educational level, duration of prodromal period or duration of illness. At admission the severity of depressive symptoms was only related to the BPRS anxiety and depression subscale score, but during the recovery period the HAMD total score was significantly correlated with all of the other clinical scales. The level of depressive symptoms at admission and at three months after starting treatment was not related to the subsequent course of positive or negative symptoms. Conclusions　Depressive symptoms appeared to be a separate symptom cluster during the acute phase of first episode schizophrenia. The severity of depressive symptoms did not predict the clinical outcome of first episode schizophrenic patients.

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