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The calcium-binding protein Mtsl/S100A4 in normal, degenerating and demyelinated spinal cord of the adult mouse

Zhengyu FANG ; Liang XIONG ; Xiaolin HUANG ; Ning ZHOU ; Elena KOZLOVAALDSKOGIUS

Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2008;23(8):678-682,插页1.

Objective:To investigate the expression pattern of Mtsl/S100A4 in mouse spinal cord;to investigate the effects of Mtsl/S100A4 on glial cell responses.Method:The study was carried out on Mtsl/S100A4 wild type and knock-out mice.The degenerative spinal cord model was established by dorsal root or sciatic nerve injury.The de-myelinated spinal cord model was established by ethidium bromide injections.Then the expressions of S100A4,GFA P,NG2 and Mael were measured.Result:The expressions of Mtsl/S100A4 in mice spinal cord were similar to that in rats.In WT mice this protein expressed in a thin layer of fiber bundles in the tract of Lissauer,and in white matter astrocytes.There was intracellular up-regulation of Mtsl/S100A4 in white matter astrocytes of WT mice after dorsal root or sciatic nerve injury,with no difference in glial cell response between WT and KO mice.However,7 days after ethidium bromide injection,in WT mice,the astroglial reaction was restricted on operated side,where a distinct glial scar had formed.While in KO mice,no distinct glial scar formed in demyelinated area.Conclusion:Mtsl/S100A4 expression in mouse spinal cord is similar to the pattern as in rats;intracellular Mtsl/ S100A4 up-regulation does not affect glial responses in degenerative spinal cord;the presence of extracellular Mtsl/ S100A4,which entered the spinal cord after ethidium bromide induced demyelination,markedly affects the glial cell responses in demyelinative spinal cord,including glial scar formation.

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An experiment research on the expression of 5-HT 2A receptor in the prefrontal cortex of traumatic brain injury-induced coma rats following median nerve electrical stimulation

Qing DU ; Zhen FENG

Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2017;32(3):253-257. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1242.2017.03.002

Objective:To investigate the expression of 5-HT 2A receptor in the prefrontal cortex of traumatic brain injuryinduced coma rats after median nerve electrical stimulation.Method:A total of 72 SD rats (weighing 250-300g) were randomly divided into 4 groups:a stimulationgroup,an antagonist group,a sham-stimulation group and a control group.This traumatic brain injury model was established by a weight-drop head injury,and we evaluated the change of behavior through the six classical levels of consciousness.The animals were sacrificed and their brain tissues were removed at 6,12,and 24 hours after injury.5-HT 2A protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry.Result:Thirteen rats exhibited righting reflex in the stimulation group.In the antagonist group,9 rats exhibited righting reflex.5 rats in the sham-stimulation group had the same response.The mean rank of consciousness degree were degree 9.50 in the control group,degree 52.75 in the sham-stimulation group,degree 37.61 in the stimulation group,degree 46.14 in the antagonist group.Comparison among groups presented an increasing consciousness degree:control group＜stimulation group＜antagonist group＜sham-stimulation group(P＜0.01).Resuits from immunohistochemistry showed that significant differences in the 5-HT 2A expression among the four groups (sham-stimulation＜control＜antagonist＜stimulation))(P＜0.05),and a within-group comparison showed that the 5-HT 2A expression level was as follows:6 hours＜24 hours ＜12 hours(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Median nerve electrical stimulation might modulate wakefulness by promoting the 5-HT 2A expression via orexin-A in the prefrontal cortex of rats with traumatic brain injury-induced coma.

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Quantitative comparison study of static postural balance of children with different sexes and ages

Limin FU ; Jinghui CUI ; Jutao FENG

Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2010;25(3):251-254.

Objective:To explore the influences of different sexes and ages on children static balance at the basis of quantitative comparison study of static postural balance of children aged 6-8(-year-odl).Method:A total of 499 children aged 6-8-year-old were recruited,which include 254 boys and 245 girls.Static postural balance test of these subjects was performed by using KY-1112 system for stabilometric analysis with subjects opening and closing eyes situations.Result:①There was a significant gender difference in static balance.At gender comparison,there was a significant difference on 3 indicators at the situations with eyes opening(P<0.05),and 3 indicators at the situations with eyes closing(P<0,01).②A significant difference Was shown in age comparison on 5 indicators(P<0.05).The mean of 5 indicators decreased with age growing.As compared with the value among Eve Area(with eyes opening and closing)and Track location Variance (with eyes opening).there Was a significant difference between children aged 8-year-old and 6-7-year-old(P<0.01),and no significant difference between 6-year-old and 7-year-old.There was a very significant difference on the LNG indicators at the situations with eyes opening and closing(P<0.01).③The value R indicator Was less than 1.Conclusion:To the children aged 6-8-year-old,there was significant gender difference in static balance,the balance function of girls was better than that of boys;there was significant age difference in static balance,with age growing the static balance rose also;relatively speaking,the gravity center shaking area was larger at forward and backward than that at leftward and rishtward.

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The effects of U0126 of different doses On the ability of low frequency magnetic stimulation promoting astrocyte migration

Zhe LI ; Zhengyu FANG ; Xiaolin HUANG

Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2010;25(3):195-199.

Objective:To investigate the effects of U0126 of different doses on the ability of low frequency magnetic stimulation promoting astrocyte migration and to select suitable dose of U0126.Method:Twenty-four adult healthy SD rats were selected to receive Injection of 0.5ml of 1% ethidium bromide(EB) in PBS into the dorsal spinal cord funiculus on the left side at T10-11 level to make located spinal cord injury models and randomly divided into four groups.The four groups were exposed to magnetic stimulation(1Hz,1.52T.30pulses)at the following dose respectively:Omg/kg U0126(control group).0.1mg/kg U0126(low-dose group), 0.2mg/kg U0126(middle-dose group),0.4mg/kg U0126(high-dose group).On the day 14 after stimulation,the rats were sacrificed and the expressions of glial fibfillary acidic protein(GFAP),microtubule associated protein-2(MAP-2),extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2(ERg1/2)and the volume of holes were detected with immunohistochemistry.Quantitative analysis 0f the expressions of GFAP,MAP-2 and ERK1/2 were performed with the image analysis system.Result:With the increase of U0126 dose,the volume of hole increased on day 14(p<0.05).In the lesion area,the expressions of GFAP and ERK1/2 could be found,while MAP-2 could not.Significant differences were revealed in the expressions of GFAP、ERK1/2 among the four groups,it Was significantly lower in U0126 groups than that in control greup(P<0.05).while the middle-dose group had similar effect with the high-dose group(P>0.05).Conclusion:U0126 of different doses all could resupinate astrocyte migrations which were coused by low frequency magnetic stimulation,and 0.2mg/kg was the suitable dose.

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Clinical study of nerve block therapy guided by electric stimulation in low back pain

Huaping PAN ; Hui FENG ; Jian WANG

Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2010;25(3):236-239.

Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect of nerve block therapy guided by electric stimulation on the relief of pain and the improvement of function in patients with low back pain(LBP).Method:A total of 78 LBP patients were divided into nerve block treatment group(n=40)and traditional treatment group(n=38)randomly.The nerve block treatment group was injected with Betamethasone compound 2mg and Lidocaine 2ml guided by electric stimulation.The physical modalities and exercises therapy were applied in the traditional treatment group.The pain was evaluated with visual analogue scale(VAS)before treatment and 1 d,1 and 2 weeks after treatment.The function of lumbar was assessed before and after the treatment with performance assessment scale for the treatment of lumbar vertebral diseases.Result:The effective rate in treatment group was 100.0%,in traditional group was 86.8%:the improvement rate in treatment group was 96.6%.in traditional group was 64.3%:there were significant differences between two groups (P<0.01).Conclusion:Nerve block therapy guided by electric stimulation display significant effect on relief the low back pain and improve the function of lumbar vertebrae.

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The Clinical efficacy of combined therapy of adenosylcobalamin and transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimulation in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia

Simeng NIU ; Lang HE ; Ying ZHAO

Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2010;25(3):232-235.

Objective:To study the Clinical efficacy of combined therapy of adenosylcobalamin and transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimulation(TENS)in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia(PHN).Method:Sixty patients with PHN were randomly divided into 3 groups:group A treated with TENS.group B treated with adenosylcobalamin,group C treated with adenosylcobalamin and TENS based on the management of groups A and B.The three groups had all been treated for 10d.Result:In observation,visual analogue scale(VAS)and 5 grade pain scores of group C were lower than those of groups A and B;VAS and 5 grade pain scores differences of group C were higher than those of groups A and B:The effective rate of group C(100%)was higher than that of groups A and B respectively.The differences were significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Combined therapy of adenosylcobalamin and TENS is effective for the treatment of PHN and can alleviate pain and improve sleep.

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The long-term effects of physical exercises on recurrent convulsion-induced cognitive deficits in developing rats and it's mechanism

Chao LI ; Hong NI ; Zhedong WANG

Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2010;25(3):205-210.

Objective:To explore the long-term effects of physical exercises on penicillin induced recurrent convulsion with learning and memory deficits in developing rata and its mechanism.Method:Fifty-six male SD rats(postnatal days [PD]21)were randomly divided into four groups:control group (CONT1),control plus exercises group(CONT2),convulsion group(EXP1)and convulsion plus exercises group(EXP2) ,rwenty rats were assigned for two control groups,each n=10;the surplus 36 rats were kindled by penicilln onceper d,consecutive 6d for creating convulsion models.Control rats were injected equal amount of normal sodium(NS) into abdominal cavity at the same time.The 20 qualified models of convulsion rats were randomly divided into two EXP groups.On PD39-PD43 and PD61-PD64,subjects of the four groups were tested with Morris water maze,and from PD49 to PD54.the rats of CONT2 and EXP2 were given exercises of running wheels,twice a d for consecutive 6d.The expression of glutamicacid receptor 2(GluR2)in hippocampus was detected. Result:①In the first Morris water maze test,there were significant differences of latency among four groups(F=5.56,P<0.01),and the latency of two EXP groups were significantly longer than two CONT groups(P<0.05);In the probe trial,the frequency of two EXP groups passing through target area were significantly less than that of two CONT groups.②In the second water maze test.there were significant effects of exercises on the latency of EXF2 group comparing to EXP1 group (P<0.05);the frequency of two EXP groups passing through target area were still significantly less than that of two CONT groups after exercises training(P<0.05),and there Was no significant difference between EXP1 and EXP2 groups.③In the immanohistochemical staining of GluR2,the gray values in hipocampus of two convulsion groups were significantly lower than that of two control groups(P<0.05). Conclusion:Penicillin induced recurrent convulsion could cause long-term effects on learning and memory in rats,which may be associated with down-regulated GluR2 expression in hippocampus.Physical exercises could improve learning capacity,of convulsion rats but not memory capacity.

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Physical Activity and Vascular Dilation Function in Healthy Middle-aged Individuals

Qi LIANG ; Donghong LIU ; Yuling WANG ; Bing SUN ; Fengqiao LIN ; Hanjing GAN ; Guifu WU ; Lichun WANG ; Hong MA

Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2009;24(6):489-493.

Objective: Vascular dilation dysfunction has been linked with risk of cardiovascular disease. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between physical activity and vascular dilation function in healthy middle-aged adults to help explaining the effect of physical activity on preventing cardiovascular disease. Method: We recruited 91 healthy middle-aged adults to complete a serf-report 7-day physical activity recall questionnaire and an exam of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation(FMD) and Nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD) detected by ultrasound. The relationship between physical activity level (PAL) and FMD and NMD were explored. Result: Physical activity showed a significant and positive relationship with the brachial artery FMD, even after adjustment for possible confounding factors (r=0.363, P<0.01). The group of high physical activity level had the highest FMD. The means of FMD (%) in low, moderate and high PAL groups were respectively 8.70%±3.93%,9.01%±3.22% and 12.38±5.67% with significant difference between individuals of low and high PAL and between moderate and high PAL group(P<0.01). The means of NMD (%) is 25.13%±6.52%,24.38%±5.44% and 29.50%±7.25% respectively (P> 0.05) and there was no significant difference among three groups. There was no positive relation between PAL and FMD in premenopausal females but in men and postmenopausal females. Although individuals of high PAL have the best FMD, the moderate PAL can also retard FMD decrease with ageing. Conclusion: Maintaining high physical activity level can enhance endothelial-dependent vascular dilation, and moderate or high physical activity level can prevent endothelial-dependent vaseular dilation declining with aging, which may contribute to decrease risk of cardiovascular disease in healthy middle-aged adults.

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Effects of Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation and Treadmill Training on Locomotion Function and Ultrastructure of Spinal Cord Anterior Horn after Moderate Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

Yizhao WANG ; Xiaolin HUANG ; Jiang XU ; Tao XU ; Zhengyu FANG ; Qi XU ; Xikai TU ; Peipei YANG

Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2009;24(6):485-488.

Objective:To investigate the effects of epidural spinal cord stimulation (ESCS) and treadmill training on the locomotion function and ultrastructure of spinal cord anterior horn after moderate spinal cord injury in rats. (IT, n=3). All rats received a moderate spinal cord injury surgery. Four weeks after surgery, rats in SE group received an electrode implantation procedure, with the electrode field covering spinal cord segments L2-S1. Four weeks after electrode implantation, rats received subthreshold ESCS for 30 min/d. Rats in TY group received 4cm/s treadmill training for 30min/d. Rats in SI group received no intervention, as a control group. All procedures in these three groups lasted four weeks.The open field Basso,Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scale was used before and after intervention to evaluate rats' hindlimb motor function. Result:After four weeks intervention, rats in TT group improved their open field locomotion scores to 20. In contrast, no significant improvement was observed in groups SI and SE. The morphology of synapses and neurons were similar regardless of whether rats had undergone ESCS, treadmill training or not. Conclusion:ESCS alone was not sufficient to improve the walking ability of spinal cord injured rats. ESCS or treadmill training alone might not contribute to the changes of ultrastructure in anterior horn of spinal cord that underlie the recovery of walking ability. Further research is needed to understand the contributions of combination of ESCS and treadmill training to the rehabilitation of spinal cord injured rats.

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The influence of Swiss ball exercises on pain symptom and muscle strength in patients with protrusion of lumber intervertebral disc

Zhixiang SHEN ; Qilei TU ; Cuixian LIU

Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2009;24(12):1103-1105.

Objective: To investigate the influence of Swiss ball exercises on clinical efficacy and stability of lumbar vertebra in patients with protrusion of lumber intervertebral disc. Method: Thirty patients with non-acute protrusion of lumber intervertebral disc were divided by gender and clinics orders into control and exercises group. Roland Morris questionaire(RMQ) and visual analogue seale(VAS) were selected as pain assessment. Pain, abdominal and back muscle strength were assessed respectively before treatment, 2 and 4 weeks after Swiss ball exercises. Both Swiss ball exercises and lumbar traction were used in exercises group. Lumbar traction was used in control group. Result: Compared with before treatment, RMQ and VAS scores decreased significantly after 4 weeks in control and exercises groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with control, RMQ and VAS scores in exercises group decreased significantly after 2 and 4 weeks respectively (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with control, abdominal and back muscle strength in exercises group increased significantly after 2 and 4 weeks respectively (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: The low back pain symptom of patients with protrusion of lumber intervertebral disc decreased significantly and abdominal and back muscle strength increased significantly by beth Swiss ball exercises and lumbar traction. The stability of lumbar vertebra of patients with protrusion of lumber intervertebral disc increased significantly.

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