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Effect of continuous irradiation with low dose X-rays on the reproductive complications in male diabetic rats

Hongguang ZHAO ; Songbai XU ; Pengwu LI ; Zhicheng WANG ; Chenghe LIN ; Shouliang GONG

Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection.2009;29(4):368-371. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2009.04.005

Objective To explore the effects of 75 mGy irradiation on the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells and antioxidant capacity of serum and testis and hormone levels in male rats with diabetes mellitus(DM).Methods Rats were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin(STZ)to develop diabetes.The diabetic rats were irradiated with 75 mGy X-rays every other day for 4 weeks.Their survival rate and body weight were recorded 12 weeks after development of diabetes.The apeptosis percentage of germ cells was measured with flow cytometry and TUNEL method.The changes of anti-oxidation and gonadal hormone levels in serum and testis were measured with kits.Results After the rats suffered from diabetes for 12 weeks,the survival rate in DM group was 25%(6/24),100% in normal control group(16116).The survival rate in 75 mGy + DM group(9/16,56.25%)was obviously higher than that in the DM group(X2= 4.00,P < 0.05).Meanwhile,the percentage of apaptotic spermatogenic cells in the diabetic rats was significantly larger than those in the normal control and irradiation groups(F = 5.496,P < 0.05).MDA and NO levels in serum and testis of diabetic rats were higher in varying degrees than that in the normal control,while the serum and testis MDA content in the 75 mGy + DM group were lower than those in the DM group especially in the testis(F = 10.644,P < 0.01).75 mGy X-ray irradiation decreased NO content in the diabetic rats serum significantly(F = 14.379,P < 0.05)and increased NOS activity and TS,FSH level(F = 9.676,43.194 and 5.282,respectively,P < 0.05 and P < 0.01).Conclusions LDR could decrease the MDA level and NO content,and increase the antioxidant enzyme activity and TS and FSH levels in testis and serum of diabetic rats.

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Therapeutic effect of rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF on mouse bone marrow injury induced by neutron irradiation

Gongmin CHANG ; Ruiyun PENG ; Yabing GAO ; Ruijuan WANG ; Xinping XU ; Junjie MA ; Shuiming WANG

Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection.2009;29(4):375-379. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2009.04.007

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF on mouse bone marrow injury induced by neutron irradiation.Methods 130 male BALB/c mice were irradiated by 3.0 Gy neutron and mice peripheral blood cells,bone marrow pathological changes,bone marrow nucleated cell counts,AgNOR content,apoptosis and necrosis rates and Bax protein content were observed by means of blood cells automatic analyzer,HE staining,AgNOR staining,flow cytometry,immunohistochemistry staining and image analysis.Results In the irradiation group and the rhIL-11 group,the mice peripheral blood white blood cells,bone marrow nucleated cell counts and AgNOR content was decreased progressively.The Bax protein was positively or strongly positively expressed in the cytoplasm of the hematopoietic cells and the Bax protein content was increased progressively at 6 h,1 d,3 d after irradiation.In the irradiation group,the rates of apoptosis and necrosis in the mice hematopoietic cells were greatly increased and that of necrosis was significant at 6 h after irradiation.In the rhIL-11 + rhG-CSF group,the counts of bone marrow nucleated cell and AgNOR were increased and the Bax protein content was decreased at 3 d after irradiation,while in the rhIL-11 group,the indexes mentioned above were not obviously different compared with those of the irradiation group.Conclusions The mice bone marrow hematopoietic function is seriously damaged by 3.0 Gy neutron irradiation,rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF could improve the mice hernatopoietic function after neutron irradiation,and combination of them is more effective to stimulate the hematopoitic function than either of them alone.

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Analysis of the transcription profiles of mouse thymus irradiated by γ-rays

Yufang CUI ; Zhujan JIANG ; Li DU ; Qiong MA ; Xiaolan LIU ; Ling XIE ; Bo DONG ; Jianping MAO ; Qihang MAN ; Chao ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection.2009;29(4):355-359. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2009.04.002

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of transcription profiles of mouse thymus gene expression in different times after 6 Gy γ-irradiation.Methods High-flux cDNA microarray technique was used irradiation,the numbers and types of differentially expressed genes were gradually decreased,for instance,the induced differential expression genes were involved in cell cycle,immunity and stress,apeptosis,signal transduction,transcription regulation,DNA synthesis and recombination,cystoskeleton,ion channel and transportation,metabolism,protein translation and synthesis,development and cell differentiation,etc.correlated cell cycle(3 up-regulating:Cyclin G,Anxal,Fgf1 and 2 down-regulating:Cdc2a,Cdc25b),5 genes correlated immune stress(4 up-regulating:IL-18,Casp1,IL-15,IL-7 and 1 down-regulating:Cd28),7 genes correlated apoptosis(4 up-regulating:Caspl,Anxal,Perp,IL-7 and 3 down-regulating:Pten,Api5 and Fas).Conclusions After 6 Gy irradiation,differentially expressed genes in mouse thymus is not only involved in many targets,levels and pathways,but also displayed an obvious difference in times.This reveals the regular pattern of differential expression genes in the process of injury and reconstitution in moderate dose irradiated mouse thymus.

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Clinical application of low-dose spiral CT for orthodontics

Na XIE ; Yungen GAN ; Huang SHU ; Feifei LIN ; Zhiyong LI ; Jie SUN

Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection.2009;29(4):441-443. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2009.04.032

Objective To determine the effect of reducing the value of mA or kV on the image quality and the radiation dose of the patients undergoing low-dose spiral CT for orthodontics.Methods Thirty patients were divided into three groups,each group has 10 patients.They were group 1(80 kV and 200 mA),group 2 (120 kV and 80 mA),group 3(120 kV and 200 mA)The volume CT dose index(CTDI)was recorded and the average dose-length produce(DLP)was calculated in three groups,respectively.Image quality of three groups were compared and scored by two radiologists,and the results were statistically analysed.Results The CTDI among three groups in diagnostic image quality.Conclusions Low-dose spiral CT for orthodontics,especially the low-kV scan,may decrease the radiation exposure and guarantee the image quality.

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Gamma spectrometry comparison on the measurements of radionuclides in building samples

Qing ZHANG ; Jing ZHANG ; Wenhong LI ; Cuihua XU

Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection.2009;29(4):435-437. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2009.04.030

Objective To organize measurement comparison among provincial CDC gamma spectrometry laboratory for verification of the precision and accuracy of the measuring results from each laboratory and to improve the ability and level for radionuclides measurement in building materials.Methods The method for gamma spectrometry measurement comparison was referred to the method of IAEA international comparison in 2002.Results The results of these labs in this comparison agreed with the reference results well.About 50% labs' relative biases were less than 5%,over 80% labs were less than 10%.Conclusions The results of this comparison showed that the analysis method for the radioactivity content in building materials by gamma spectrometry in each lab was credible and meet the request of the standard GB 6566-2001 "Radioactive Nuclide Limit for Building Materials".

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Evaluation of angle regulator with protection shields in the skeletal fluornsis X-ray radiography

Hengxiang LI ; Huafang ZHANG ; Peizhong CHEN ; Haiyan ZHANG ; Fang YANG

Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection.2009;29(4):423-425. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2009.04.023

Objective To evaluate the value of the muhifunctional angle regulator with shields in skeletal fluorosis X-ray radiography.Methods Conventional radiography,regulator with shields and regulator for radiography were used to examine the forearms and shanks of 78 patients,and then the quality of the photos and the diagnostic results were compared.The dose rates on patients' foresides,sides,and bottoms of division 1 and 2 m were measured by pressure ionization instrument.Results Regulator with shields and regulator for radiography had a higher rate of good quality than conventional radiography by 39 %,and consequently the diagnostic accuracy rate were improved by 37%(X2 = 43.33,43.98 and 17.76,14.56,P < 0.01).By conventional radiography the average dose rates on forearms and shanks I and 2 m away from X-ray axis were 1198,934 and 1439,1175 μSv/h,respectively;while regulator with shields and single regulator were used,corresponding average dose rates were 80.6,39.4 and 95.6,59.5/JSv/h and 375.7,187 and 447,226.3 μSv/h,respectively.Conclusions Angle regulator with shields is effective devices to examine the forearms and shanks of the patients who are suffering from dysfunction of skeletal fluorosis.

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Comparison of forward and inverse intensity modulation radiotherapy planning for breast cancer after breast-conservative surgery

Tao SUN ; Jie LU ; Yong YIN ; Tonghai LIU ; Jinhu CHEN ; Xiutong LIN ; Jian ZHU ; Tong BAI ; Bo LIU

Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection.2009;29(4):401-404. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2009.04.015

Objective To compare the dosimetric difference in forward intensity modulation radiotherapy (fIMRT)and inverse IMRT(iIMRT)planning for breast cancer.Methods Six patients received radiotherapy alone after left breast-conserving surgery were selected.For each patient,two treatment phns(flMRT and iIMRT)were designed with Pinnacle3 7.4f.In each plan,the volume of PIT received prescription dose was not less than 95 %.The dosimetrie parameters were assessed with dose volume histograms in planning target volume (PIT)and organ of around risk(OAR).Results Of flMRT and ilMRT plans,the PTV average canformal indexwere(0.67±0.06)and(0.66±0.06)(t = 2.423,P ＞ 0.05),average homogeneity index were (28.2±6.0)% and(26.1±6.8)%(t = 2.164,P ＞ 0.05);the volume of left lung received 20 Gy(V20)were(18.7±3.3)% and(17.0±2.8)%(t =5.087,P<0.05),and V30 of left lung were(15.5±3.0)%and(14.0±2.6)%(t =7.272,P<0.05);V30 of heart were(4.1±3.1)% and(3.5±2.5)%(t=1.916,P ＞ 0.05);the total monitor units were(262±5)MU and(308±14)MU(t = 7.515,P < 0.05).Conclusions There were no significant differences of CI,HI,and V30 of heart between flMRT and iIMRT.Because of fewer MUs,fIMRT plan could reduce the machine abrasion and treatment time,but V30 and V30 of left lung are higher significantly than iIMRT plan.

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Effect of Yiqi Huoxue Recipe on the expression of TGF-β1,TNF-α in rats

Hai ZHANG ; Bingsheng WANG ; Xiufang LIU ; Fengyu LI ; Shupeng LUO ; Hongwei LI ; Jun SHI

Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection.2009;29(4):383-385. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2009.04.009

Objective To observe the effect of Yiqi Huexue Recipe on the expression of TGF-β1 and TNF-α on serum and lung of rots with radiation-induced lung injury in different radiation time,and discuss the preventative and curative effect and mechanisms of Yiqi Huoxue Recipe.Methods 66 Wistar rats were randomly allocated into irradiation with Yiqi Huoxue Recipe-treated group(A group)irradiation group(B group),and normal control group(C group).The first two groups were irradiated at right hemithorax with a dose of 30 Gy/6 fractions(in 6 weeks).The levels of TGF-β1,and TNF-α on rat serum and lung were measured by ELISA and immunohistochemistry at the end of the 4th,6th,8th,12th,and 26th week after the first irradiation.Results TGF-β1,and TNF-α level on rats serum and lung in irradiation group showed an increase from the 4th week after the first irradiation,peaking at the 12th week,and descending at the 26th week.In A group,the levels of TGF-β1 and TNF-α were significantly lower from the 4th week than those of B group.Conclusions Yiqi Huoxue Recipe could inhibit the excretion of TGF-β1,and TNF-α and might play an important role in the prevention and curation of radiation-induced lung injury,which might be related to inhibiting the expression of TGF-β1 and TNF-α.

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Effect of chest wall radiotherapy in different manners using tissue equivalent bolus on skin and lung of cavia cobayas

Wei HUANG ; Yaqin QU ; Xiangfu SONG ; Shixin LIU ; Xin JIANG ; Xiaojing JIA ; He GUO ; Lei YANG

Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection.2009;29(4):380-382. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2009.04.008

Objective To probe the influence of electron beam radiotherapy in different manners using different tissue equivalent boluses on skin and lung.Methods Adult female cavia cobayas were randomly divided into four groups as control group,fuU-time with bolus group,half-time with bolus group and without bolus group.Acute-irradiation animal models were established using electron beam in different manners with or without 0.5 cm tissue equivalent bolus.Pathological changes in lung,hair vesicle and fibroblast cell count were analyzed 40 clays after irradiation.Results The radiation dermatitis in the group with bolus was slighter than that of the group without bolus,but the radiation pneumonia was reverse.With bolus,the radiation dermatitis of haft-time group was slighter than that of full-time group.The injury repair of half-time group was more active than full-time group.Conclusions The treatment of haft-time bolus could protect lung without serious skin complications.

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Effects of multiple low dose radiation on the apoptosis of splenocytes and immune factor in male diabetic rats

Yanbo LI ; Caixia GUO ; Lihua DONG ; Jianfeng WANG ; Shuchun LIU ; Zhe LU ; Shouliang GONG

Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection.2009;29(4):364-367. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2009.04.004

Objective To explore the effect of multiple low dose radiation(LDR)on the apoptosis of splenocytes and immune factors in diabetes mellitus(DM)rats.Methods The rats were randomly divided into control,DM and DM + LDR groups.The irradiation doses were 25,50 and 75 mGy,and the irradiated times were 15.At the fourth weekend after the DM rats irradiated,the apoptotie rate and TCRαβ percentage of splenoeytes were detected by flow cytometry,and the content of IL-2 in both serum and supernatant of cultured splenocytes were detected by ELISA.Results Compared with that in the control,the body weight(BW)decreased in the DM and DM + LDR groups,particularly in DM group.The blood glucose(BG)level in the DM + LDR groups was higher than that in the control,but decreased significantly as compared with that in the DM group(P < 0.01).As compared with those in the control,the apoptotic rate in DM + 50 mGy(P < 0.05)and the content of serum IL-2 in DM + 75 mGy group(P < 0.01)all increased significantly,while the content of IL-2 in supernatant of cultured splenocytes decreased significantly in the DM + LDR groups.Compared with those in the DM group,the apoptotic rate and the percentage of TCRαβ in splenocytes in the DM + LDR groups(P < 0.01-P < 0.001)and the content of IL-2 in serum in DM + 50 mGy group(P < 0.01)decreased significantly.Conclusions The multiple LDR could weaken the loss of BW and increase of BG caused by DM,decrease the splenocyte apoptosis induced by DM,and regulate the immune factors.

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