Journal Detail Information

1

Cite

Share

Caspase-12 expression in hyperoxia-induced corpus callosum damage in newborn mice

Jiulang HUANG ; Ying HAN ; Chen CUI ; Maoqiong CHEN ; Xinlin HOU

Chinese Journal of Neonatology.2016;11(5):379-384. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6710.2016.05.015

Objective To study the relationship between Caspase-12 expression and the hyperoxia-induced corpus callosum damage. Methods A total of 12 groups of C57 / BL6 mice were randomly assigned into hyperoxia group (80% O2 ) and control group (21% O2 ) at day 6 after birth (P6). The pups were sacrificed after 24 h and 48 h of hyperoxia exposure and at P10, P12, P15 and P30. Immunohistochemical ( IHC) method was used to detect the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) in corpus callosum. Real-time PCR, Western Blot and IHC were used to detect the expression of mRNA and protein of Caspase-12 in corpus callosum. The corpus callosum apoptosis was measured using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling ( TUNEL ) method. Results The expression of MBP in hyperoxia group were significantly lower than the control group at P10 and P12 (P = 0. 004 and 0. 016); however, no significant differences existed between the two groups at P15 and P30 (P > 0. 05). The expression of Caspase-12 mRNA after 24 h and 48 h hyperoxia exposure were significantly higher than the control group [24 h: (1. 549 ± 0. 098) vs. (1. 080 ± 0. 101); 48 h:(1. 333 ± 0. 076) vs. (1. 022 ± 0. 089); P < 0. 05]. The expression of cleaved Caspase-12 protein after 24 h and 48 h hyperoxia exposure were also significantly higher than the control group [24 h: (1. 582 ± 0. 010) vs. (0. 994 ± 0. 078); 48 h: (1. 370 ± 0. 095) vs. (0. 978 ± 0. 069); P < 0. 05] . The Caspase-12 positive cell were significantly increased after 24 h and 48 h hyperoxia exposure comparing with the control group. The apoptosis index in hyperoxia group was significantly higher than the control group at P10 and P12 [P10: (18. 742 ± 2. 503) vs. (4. 587 ± 2. 353); P12 (36. 184 ± 3. 655) vs. (5. 351 ± 2. 678); P < 0. 05]. Conclusions Hyperoxia exposure induces corpus callosum damage in newborn mice. Over-expressed Caspase-12 may induce corpus callosum cell apoptosis excessively.

2

Cite

Share

Effects of caffeine use in apnea of prematurity in the early stage versus late stage:A meta-analysis

Xianwei LI ; Hongying ZHOU ; Jing LI

Chinese Journal of Neonatology.2016;11(5):370-374. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6710.2016.05.013

Objective To assess the effects of caffeine use in apnea of prematurity (AOP) in the early stage (caffeine was used within 3 days after birth) versus late stage (caffeine was used 4 to 10 days after birth ) . Methods Medline, Science Direct, Elsevier, Embase, CBMdisc and Wanfang databases were retrieved to incorporate studies that met the inclusion criteria. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the databases to November, 2015. References that were in line with the inclusion criteria were selected and relevant conference data were collected by manual retrieval. Two researchers conducted meta-analysis using software RevMan 5. 2 after independent data selection, information extraction and quality evaluation according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results One randomized controlled trial and four retrospective cohort studies were included. A total of 59 288 patients were involved. Meta-analysis suggested that, compared with caffeine use in the late stage, the early stage group showed significant lower incidence ( P < 0. 05 ) of mortality, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, retinopathy of prematurity and surgical intervention of patent ductus arteriosus. No significant difference (OR = 0. 98, 95% CI 0. 72 - 1. 33, P = 0. 881) was observed between the 2 groups in terms of the incidence of necrotic enterocolitis. Conclusions Patients with AOP should start caffeine treatment as early as possible, which significantly decreases mortality rate and the occurrence of other complications with little adverse reactions and good clinical tolerance.

3

Cite

Share

The value of transcutaneous oxygen saturation in early diagnosis of newborns with critical congenital heart disease

Zhao YU ; Jian LUO ; Hongtao ZHONG

Chinese Journal of Neonatology.2016;11(5):361-363. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6710.2016.05.010

Objective To study the value and significance of transcutaneous oxygen saturation monitoring from different parts in early diagnosis of neonatal critical congenital heart disease. Methods The transcutaneous oxygen saturation in right upper extremities and right lower extremities of neonates born in our hospital from July 2010 to July 2015 were detected at 2 hours to 24 hours after birth. If the transcutaneous oxygen saturation ≤ 0. 95 or difference between upper and lower extremities≥0. 03, color doppler ultrasound echocardiography were done. Results There were 24 385 cases of newborns in our study. 1 680 newborns with abnormal transcutaneous oxygen saturation ( ≤0. 95 or difference between upper and lower extremities ≥0. 03) were examined with color doppler ultrasound echocardiography. 204 cases of congenital heart disease (12. 1% ) contain 9 cases of critical congenital heart disease ( 0. 5% ) were detected. The critical congenital heart disease included complete transposition of great artery ( n = 3), tetralogy of Fallot ( n = 4), artery malformation ( n = 1), and pulmonary atresia with right ventricular dysplasia ( n = 1 ) . Conclusions Transcutaneous oxygen saturation monitoring from different parts has a high value for early detection of critical congenital heart disease in the newborn. It is recommended for clinical use in grass-roots hospitals.

4

Cite

Share

Neonatal polycystic kidney disease:a case report and literature review

Danhua MENG ; Yan LI ; Qiufen WEI ; Jing XU ; Xinnian PAN ; Wei TAN ; Lianfang JING ; Lanxiu WANG

Chinese Journal of Neonatology.2016;11(5):343-347. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6710.2016.05.006

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and imaging features of perinatal autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease ( ARPKD) and a systematic review of the literature was performed to improve awareness of the disease. Methods A newborn with infantile ARPKD admitted to the neonatal department of our hospital was studied and her clinical data and imaging features retrospectively reviewed. CNKI, CBMdisc, MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched using autosomal recessive, perinatal and polycystic kidney as keywords. 9 case reports were retrieved from 2005 to 2015 and a total of 9 patients were analyzed. Results The gestational age of patients with infantile ARPKD was from 33 to 37 weeks. 6 of them were diagnosed using prenatal ultrasound and one patient was diagnosed using genetic sequencing. One of 10 infants had a family history, 4 patientsˊ mothers had abnormal pregnancy history (spontaneous abortion or miscarriage) and 7 (70. 0%) patients with respiratory failure needed mechanical ventilation. The ultrasound of all the patients showed enlarged and hyperechogenic kidneys. 9 patients died, and only one patient was alive after renal transplant. Conclusions The characteristics of perinatal APRKD are enlarged and polycystic kidneys, hepatic cysts and liver fibrosis. Infants with this disease have poor outcomes and high mortality rate. Respiratory failure and renal failure are the main causes of death in the neonatal period and early diagnosis and treatment are necessary.

5

Cite

Share

An analysis of 238 neonates with long duration fever

Chunyan TAO ; Jialin YU

Chinese Journal of Neonatology.2016;11(5):335-338. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6710.2016.05.004

Objective To study the etiologies of long duration fever in neonates and to provide clinical evidence for early diagnosis and intervention. Methods From January 1st, 2004 to December 31st, 2013, data from neonates admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Childrenˊ s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 238 neonates with long duration fever, 165 cases were male and 73 female. Pneumonia(n = 196), skin / mucosa infection (n =67), sepsis (n = 46), meningitis/ encephalitis (n = 25) and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (n = 24) were the most common etiologies. Diabetes insipidus was the only noninfectious cause of fever in this study. The incidence of high fever in cases diagnosed with meningitis/ encephalitis, sepsis, diabetes insipidus, immunodeficiency or urinary tract infection were significantly higher than other causes (P <0. 05) . Continuous fever or other special fever types were more common in cases diagnosed with pneumonia ( χ2 = 4. 581, P = 0. 032 ) . Incidences of sepsis, infectious diarrhea or meningitis/encephalitis in late neonates were significantly higher than early neonates ( P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusions Long duration fever in neonates is most likely caused by infectious diseases and diabetes insipidus is the only noninfectious cause of neonatal fever in our study.

6

Cite

Share

A comparative study of retinopathy of prematurity during different times in a single tertiary neonatal center

Jing CAO ; Yanping ZHU ; Mingxia LI

Chinese Journal of Neonatology.2016;11(5):330-334. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6710.2016.05.003

Objective To study the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a single tertiary center during different times(Phase 1:2009 to 2011;Phase 2:2012 to 2014). Methods From 2009 to 2014, fundus examinations were performed on premature infants admitted to NICU of our hospital. The incidence and risk factors of ROP were compared between the two phases. Results During Phase 1,68 (11. 1% ) cases were diagnosed with ROP among 614 premature infants. During Phase 2, 121 (15. 2% ) cases were diagnosed with ROP among 794 premature infants. The incidences of ROP between the two phases were significantly different (P <0. 05). During Phase 1 and 2, 10 (14. 7% ) infants and 12 (9. 9% ) infants were diagnosed with Grade 3 and above or threshold ROP, respectively. The incidence of Grade 3 and above or threshold ROP between the two phases were also significantly different (P < 0. 05). Logistic analysis demonstrated that gestational age(GA), birth weight (BW), duration of oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation(MV) were independent risk factors during hase 1, whereas GA, MV and blood transfusion were independent risk factors during Phase 2. Pulmonary surfactant (PS) was protective factor of ROP in both two groups. GA in Phase 2 was significant lower than Phase 1 (P <0. 05), while duration of oxygen therapy, incidence of MV, PS and blood transfusion were higher in Phase 2 ( P < 0. 05) . Conclusions The incidence of ROP has increased. Reducing the incidence of preterm delivery, duration of oxygen therapy, incidence of MV and blood transfusion has important role in preventing ROP. Reducing the use of MV and the oxygen concentrations, appropriate PS therapy and focusing on early ophthalmic screening are important preventing severe ROP.

7

Cite

Share

Efficacy and mental development comparison of caffeine citrate and aminophylline for treating primary apnea in premature infants

Fatao LIN ; Yanyan SONG ; Tengwei ZHANG ; Xuwen XIAO ; Junye QI ; Yueju CAI

Chinese Journal of Neonatology.2016;11(5):325-329. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6710.2016.05.002

Objective To study the mental development and efficacy of caffeine citrate and aminophylline in treating primary apnea in premature infants. Methods Preterm infants who were diagnosed as primary apnea, received caffeine citrate therapy and recovered in the neonatal ward of our Hospital from December 2013 to December 2014, and followed-up in the high-risk infants outpatient clinic of our Hospital after discharge were recruited in the caffeine group. Preterm infants of aminophylline group were recruited randomly by number method. They were diagnosed as primary apnea, received aminophylline therapy and recovered in our neonatal ward from December 2011 to December 2013, and followed-up regularly in the high-risk infants outpatient clinic of our Hospital after discharge. The treatment effect and mental development at 6 and 12 months of corrected age between the two groups were compared. Results Each group included 150 cases of premature infants. The time (h) of oxygen therapy, noninvasive mechanical ventilation, and invasive mechanical ventilation in the caffeine group were all significantly shorter than that in the aminophylline group [(119. 1 ± 100. 2) vs. (156. 5 ± 134. 1), (107. 4 ± 100. 2) vs. (156. 7 ± 139. 8), (146. 4 ± 122. 6) vs. (270. 9 ± 257. 2), P < 0. 05]. The incidence of patent ductus arteriosus and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the caffeine group were significantly lower than that in the aminophylline group (24. 0% vs. 45. 3% , 9. 3% vs. 21. 3% , P <0. 05). The scores of gross motor, fine motor and social intercourse in caffeine group were significantly higher than aminophylline group at 6 months of corrected age ( P < 0. 05). The scores of gross motor, fine motor, language and adaptability of infants at 12 months of corrected age from caffeine group were significantly higher than that of infants from aminophylline group ( P < 0. 05). Conclusions Caffeine citrate treatment of primary apnea in preterm infants is more effective than aminophylline. Caffeine citrate treatment can improve mental development of premature infants.

8

Cite

Share

A study on the expression of CD163 in neonatal rats with Escherichia coli sepsis

Xinxian GUAN ; Shenglin YU ; Jian WANG ; Shasha GAO ; Yiping LI

Chinese Journal of Neonatology.2016;11(5):375-378. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6710.2016.05.014

Objective To study the expression of CD163 in macrophages and sCD163 level in the serum of neonatal rat model of Escherichia coli (E. coli) sepsis. Methods A total of 72 specific-pathogen-free (SPF) neonatal rats (P7) were randomly and equally assigned into experiment group and control group. E. coli was injected peritoneally and the sepsis model was established in the experiential group while normal saline (NS) was injected in the control group. Samples were collected at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 h and 48 h after the treatment. CD163 expression in macrophages of lung and liver tissues were tested using immunohistochemical(IHC) method, and the dynamic changes of sCD163 concentration in the serum were monitored usingenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results In the experiment group, CD163 expression in macrophages of lung and liver were gradually decreased at eachtime point (P <0. 001). At 2 h, CD163 expression in macrophages showed no significant differences between the two groups (P >0. 05). At 4 h and later timepoints, the differences were statistically significant (P <0. 001) . Meanwhile, sCD163 in the serum increased gradually (P <0. 01). At 2 h, sCD163 in the serum showed no significant differences between the two groups (P >0. 05). At 4 h and later timepoints, the differences were statistically significant (P <0. 001). Conclusions CD163 plays an important role in sepsis.

9

Cite

Share

Neonatal asplenia syndrome:clinical characteristics and prognosis of 8 cases

Xiuman XIAO ; Zuqin YANG ; Shangqin CHEN

Chinese Journal of Neonatology.2016;11(5):357-360. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6710.2016.05.009

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of neonatal asplenia syndrome to improve the understanding of the disorder. Methods Newborns with neonatal asplenia syndrome admitted to the neonatal department of our Hospital from June 2008 to July 2015 were recruited and their gender, birth weight, gestational age, clinical manifestations, imaging features, laboratory examinations, treatments and prognosis were analyzed. Results A total of 8 newborns with asplenia syndrome were studied. All the patients presented with cyanosis at birth, 5 of them with heart murmur, 3 with apical impulse in the right ( dextrocardia) thorax and complex congenital heart diseases were found in all of them by echocardiogram examinations. 2 of them were diagnosed congenital heart diseases before birth by the fetal ultrasound. 2 cases combined with congenital imperforate anus and cutaneous fistulas. 1 case was found right renal agenesis and Howell-Jolly was seen in another case. All the 8 patientsˊ parents refused medical advices about continuing treatments and left hospital. Among them, 4 patients died in the neonatal period, 2 lost in follow-up and only 2 survived, one for 19 months and the other for 4 years. Conclusions Patients with asplenia syndrome presented absence of spleen, visceral inversion, severe cardiovascular malformations and other malformations. When the cyanosis, heart murmur and abnormal position of apical impulse were found in the newborns, asplenia syndrome should be considered and imaging examinations such as chest X-ray, ultrasound, visceral angiography and more should be ordered immediately, in order to make an early diagnosis of the disease.

10

Cite

Share

Neonatal sepsis and antibiotic resistance of bacteria and fungi isolated from neonatal blood samples

Huichun CAO ; Huabao PENG

Chinese Journal of Neonatology.2016;11(5):353-356. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6710.2016.05.008

Objective To study the pathological spectrum of neonatal sepsis and antibiotic resistance of bacteria and fungi isolated from neonatal blood samples. Methods Clinical information of neonates with sepsis admitted to neonatal ward of our Hospital were retrospectively collected from January 2007 to December 2014 and analyzed. Results During the study period, a total of 23 224 infants were admitted to neonatal ward. Among them, 608 were diagnosed with sepsis (2. 62% , 608 / 23 224). Blood culture samples were positive in 412 cases, the rest (196 cases) were diagnosed according to clinical manifestations and laboratory tests. The composition ratio of sepsis during the first 4 years was significantly lower than that of the subsequent 4 years (2. 58% , 225 / 9 805 vs. 2. 85% , 383 / 13 419, P < 0. 05). Of 412 bacterial strains isolated, gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and fungi accounted for 62. 38% , 30. 34% and 7. 28% , respectively. For the 155 strains isolated during first 4 years, the number of G + bacteria, G - bacteria and fungi were 106 strains (68. 39% ), 40 strains (25. 81% ), 9 strains ( 5. 81% ), respectively. The coagulase-negative staphylococcus ( CONS ) accounted for 90. 57% of G + strains. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli accounted for 50. 00%and 15. 00% of G - strains respectively. 257 strains were isolated during the subsequent 4 years, of which G + bacteria, G - bacteria and fungi accounted for 151 strains (58. 75% ), 85 strains (33. 07% ), 21 strains (8. 17% ), respectively. CONS accounted for 74. 83% of G + strains, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli accounted for 30. 58% and 35. 29% of G - strains. The composition ratio of CONS and Escherichia coli were significantly different between first and subsequent 4 years (P < 0. 05). G +bacteria were resistant to penicillin, oxacillin and macrolide, sensitive to piperacillin / tazobactam and quinolone. We did not identify any G + strain resistant to vancomycin. In general, G - bacteria were resistant to ampicillin and cephalosporins, sensitive to the beta lactamase inhibitor compound preparation and quinolones, and highly sensitive to carbapenems. Fungi generally were sensitive to conazoles. Conclusions Neonatal sepsis are mainly caused by CONS, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli also play important roles. G + bacteria and G - bacteria in general are resistant to penicillin and cephalosporins. All G + bacterial strains isolated from our cohort are sensitive to vancomycin. G - bacteria are generally sensitive to carbapenems. Fungi generally are sensitive to conazoles.

DISPLAY OPTIONS

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share