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A Case of Chronic Relapsing Pancreatitis with Multiple Pancreatic Stones in Childhood.

Seung Yeon LEE ; Ji Hyun UM ; Ki Sup CHUNG ; Myung Joon KIM

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2001;4(2):256-260.

Chronic pancreatitis is a rare problem in childhood and sometimes shows pancreatic calcification. The most common symptom is recurrent upper abdominal pain with or without associated nausea or vomiting. Pancreatic calcifications are virtually pathognomonic of chronic pancreatitis. In our case, however, chronic pancreatitis caused by multiple pancreatic stones in dilated pancreatic duct, which was very rare in childhood. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) is valuable in confirming the diagnosis and decision making process for further medical or surgical management of pancreatic disease. We experienced a case of chronic relapsing pancreatitis with pancreatic stones in 13-year-old girl who presented with recurrent upper abdominal pain. She was investigated with ERCP and treated by endoscopic sphincterotomy of sphincter of Oddi and by some stone removal with endoscopic basket. We report this case and review related literatures briefly.
Abdominal Pain ; Adolescent ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Decision Making ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Nausea ; Pancreatic Diseases ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreatitis* ; Pancreatitis, Chronic ; Sphincter of Oddi ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic ; Vomiting

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A Case of Methylmalonic Acidemia in a 6-month-old Infant.

Sung Jong CHO ; Young Il RHO ; Kyung Rye MOON

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2001;4(2):249-255.

Methylmalonic acidemia is a rare congenital autosomal recessive metabolic disease. It is caused by blocking in the pathways of isoleucine, valine, threonine, methionine, cholesterol and odd-chain fatty acids to succinyl CoA, resulting in the increase of L-methylmalonyl CoA and methylmalonic acid. In most cases, there are symptoms such as recurrent vomitings, lethargy and laboratory abnormalities including metabolic acidosis and hyperammonemia from the neonatal period. We had a 6-month-old infant with methylmalonyl acidemia who presented with recurrent vomiting episodes since 3 months of age, failure to thrive and developmental delay. The laboratory findings showed hyperammoninemia and ketotic metabolic acidosis. Plasma amino acid analysis showed nonspecific finding. Urine organic acid ananysis by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry detected large amount of methylmalonic acid excreted in the urine. We restrained the supply of protein in the amount of 1~1.5 g/kg of body weight a day using leucine, isoleucine and valine-r-estrained milk and administered vitamine B12, in the amount of 1mg per day. During the follow-up in the outpatient clinic, He could control his head and showed increased muscle strength.
Acidosis ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Body Weight ; Cholesterol ; Chromatography, Gas ; Failure to Thrive ; Fatty Acids ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Humans ; Hyperammonemia ; Infant* ; Isoleucine ; Lethargy ; Leucine ; Mass Spectrometry ; Metabolic Diseases ; Methionine ; Methylmalonic Acid ; Milk ; Muscle Strength ; Plasma ; Threonine ; Valine ; Vitamins ; Vomiting

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A Case of Chronic Intractable Diarrhea with IgA, IgG2 and IgG4 Deficiency.

Sung Ryon AHN ; Young Mi KIM ; Sang Ook NAM ; Jae Hong PARK ; Chang Hoon LEE

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2001;4(2):243-248.

In most cases, acute diarrhea in childhood heals spontaneously, but it may become the form of chronic diarrhea in immunodeficient children and then cause weight loss, dehydration, malabsorption and malnutrition. The immunodeficient diseases associated with chronic diarrhea include severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome, common variable immunodeficiency, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, agammaglobulinemia or selective IgA deficiency. IgA deficiency is the most common primary immunodeficiency. Because many IgA deficient individuals seem to have compensated for their deficiency with increased IgM production and various nonimmunologic factors, the incidence of gastrointestinal involvement is not prominent. Some of those with IgA deficiency and recurrent infections have been found to also have IgG subclass deficiency. IgA deficiency with IgG2 and IgG4 subclass deficiency have high susceptability to infection and chronic diarrhea. IgG subclass deficiency, when present, is more likely to be found in association with a partial IgA deficiency rather than complete IgA deficiency. We report a 3-month-old male with intractable diarrhea accompanied by IgA, IgG2, and IgG4 deficiency.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Agammaglobulinemia ; Child ; Common Variable Immunodeficiency ; Dehydration ; Diarrhea* ; Humans ; IgA Deficiency ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Immunoglobulin M ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Malnutrition ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency ; Weight Loss

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A Case of Milk Protein Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome.

Suk Ho RHIM ; Young Sin PARK ; Jae Ock PARK ; Chang Hwi KIM

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2001;4(2):238-242.

Food allergy is a disease caused by an abnormal immunological reaction to specific food proteins. Whole milk and soy beans are the most frequent causes of food allergy, some studies show that 2.2~2.8% of children aged between 1 and 2 year are allergic to milk. It can be classified to acute (urticaria, asthma, anaphylaxis) or chronic (diarrhea, atopic dermatitis) allergy according to clinical symptoms, or to IgE related or non IgE related allergy by an immunological aspect. Generally, allergies invading only the GI tract are mostly due to a non IgE related reaction. These hypersensitive, immunologic reactions of the GI tract, not related to specific IgE for food, present themselves in many ways such as food protein-induced enteropathy, food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), celiac disease, food induced protocolitis, or allergic eosinophillic gastroenteritis. FPIES is one kind of non IgE related allergic reaction and is manifested as severe vomiting and diarrhea in infants between 1 week and 3 months. We report a case of FPIES in a 40-day old male infant presenting with 3 times of repeated events of watery diarrhea after cow's milk feeding.
Asthma ; Celiac Disease ; Child ; Diarrhea ; Enterocolitis* ; Eosinophils ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Gastroenteritis ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Infant ; Male ; Milk Proteins* ; Milk* ; Soybeans ; Vomiting

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A Case of Gas Forming Enterocolitis Associated with Kawasaki Disease.

Ji Young KIM ; Tae Jin YANG ; Min Seop SONG ; Chul Ho KIM

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2001;4(2):233-237.

Kawasaki Disease, an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology, is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in many parts of the world. It predominantly affects children under 5 years of age and has many clinical symptoms. We experienced a case of gas forming enterocolitis associated with Kawasaki Disease. Aeromonas hydrophilia was isolated from her stool culture. So,we report the case with a brief review of its literature.
Aeromonas ; Child ; Enterocolitis* ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Systemic Vasculitis

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A Case of Jejuno-jejunal Intussusception in Henoch-Schonlein Purpura.

Hyun Kyung PARK ; Yoon Sook CHUNG ; Ki Joong KIM ; Yong Joo KIM ; Hahng LEE ; Hyun Chul RHIM

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2001;4(2):228-232.

Gastrointestinal involvement occurs in two thirds of children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) and intussusception is by far the most common abdominal complication. Intussusception in HSP almost originates in the small bowel, which is in contrast with idiopathic intussusception. Earlier diagnosis and prompt treatment of intra-abdominal complications can reduce the mortality and ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice in evaluation the bowel manifestations of HSP. We report a case of jejuno-jejunal intussusception associated with HSP in a 5-year-old boy who presented with diffuse abdominal pain and vomiting after a few days of HSP onset. Abdominal ultrasound demonstrated intussusception in the jejunum with well defined target appearance because of the thickened intussusceptum, which disappeared on the computerized tomographic examination checked approximately 24 hours later. A brief review of literature was made.
Abdominal Pain ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Intussusception* ; Jejunum ; Male ; Mortality ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch* ; Ultrasonography ; Vomiting

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A Case of Intra-Abdominal Esophageal Duplication Cyst.

Ju Young CHUNG ; Dong Chul PARK

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2001;4(2):224-227.

Esophageal duplication cysts are quite uncommon benign lesions of the esophagus that have previously been described as occurring only in the thoracic cavity. We experienced a rare case of completely intra-abdominal esophageal duplication cyst in a 10-year-old boy who has suffered from epigastric abdominal pain. Surgical excision is recommended at the time of cyst discovery whether symptoms present or not.
Abdominal Pain ; Child ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Male ; Thoracic Cavity

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A Case of Achalasia Complained of Neurologic Symptom.

Seong Shik PARK ; Sang Ook NAM ; Jun Woo LEE ; Jae Hong PARK

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2001;4(2):218-223.

Achalasia is a rare motor disorder of the esophageal smooth muscle in which the lower esophageal sphincter dose not relax properly with swallowing, and the normal peristalsis of the esophageal body is replaced by abnormal contractions. Achalasia has been described as party of several distinct multisystem syndromes suggesting a generalized neuromuscular disorder as the mode of origin. An 11-year-old female was admitted because of paresthesia on the trunk and both legs for 5 days. She had suffered from chest discomfort, dysphagia, postprandial vomiting, and weight loss for 6 months. She was diagnosed as having achalasia by means of the esophagography and esophageal manometry. Her chest discomfort, dysphagia and vomiting much improved after the endoscopic balloon dilatation. The authors present an 11-year-old female with achalasia complained of paresthesia and sucessfully managed by the balloon dilatation.
Child ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders ; Dilatation ; Esophageal Achalasia* ; Esophageal Sphincter, Lower ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Manometry ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neurologic Manifestations* ; Paresthesia ; Peristalsis ; Thorax ; Vomiting ; Weight Loss

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The Clinical Features of Chronic Neonatal Hepatitis: Non-familial, Non-metabolic and Non-A, B, C Viral Hepatitis.

Ji Ae PARK ; Chang Hun LEE ; Jae Hong PARK

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2006;9(2):242-248.

PURPOSE: Neonatal hepatitis is the major cause of neonatal cholestasis and may be divided into infectious, metabolic, genetic, and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis. Non-familial, non-metabolic, and non-A, B, C viral neonatal hepatitis is known to have made satisfactory progress, but little is known about its chronic clinical features. METHODS: Clinical and histological assessments were carried out in 34 cases with chronic neonatal hepatitis [elevated serum alanine aminotrasferase (ALT) level for more than 6 months] except for A, B, C viral hepatitis, metabolic, or genetic neonatal hepatitis, who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Hospital, from January 1998 to January 2004. RESULTS: Males were more common (70%). Jaundice (100%) and hepatomegaly (44%) were frequent manifestations. Peak serum ALT levels were most commonly below 300 IU/L in 41.2% of patients and peak serum direct bilirubin levels were most commonly between 1.0~5.0 mg/dL in 50% of patients. Ten cases (34%) of 29 patients had positive serum cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgM or urine CMV polymerase chain reaction. Serum ALT level was normalized within 1 year in 11 (37.9%) of 29 cases, and within 2 years in 9 (69.2%) of 13 cases. Serum ALT level was elevated persistently over 2 years in four (30.7%) of 13 cases. Histologic findings such as portal or periportal activity, lobular necrosis, portal or periportal fibrosis were more severe in patients with persistent ALT elevation over 2 years than in those showing normalization of ALT within 2 years (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: When the elevation of ALT level sustains over 1 year in non-familiar, non-metabolic, non-A, B, C viral neonatal hepatitis, an assessment of the severity of liver injury and a careful monitoring about chronic liver disease may be required.
Alanine ; Bilirubin ; Busan ; Cholestasis ; Cytomegalovirus ; Fibrosis ; Hepatitis* ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Jaundice ; Liver ; Liver Diseases ; Male ; Necrosis ; Pediatrics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

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Survey on the Awareness of Guardians of Young Infants on the Weaning of Food in Pohang and Gyeongju Area.

Hyun Woo WE ; Yu Kyung SEO ; Ae Suk KIM ; Sun Ju LEE ; Sung Min CHO ; Dong Seok LEE ; Doo Kwun KIM ; Sung Min CHOI

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2006;9(2):233-241.

PURPOSE: This study was carried out to investigate the awareness of the weaning of food using questionnaires, and the relationship with the weight gain in young infants. METHODS: From September 2005 to December 2005, we performed a survey on 141 guardians of young infants aged from 6 to 18 months, who visited the pediatric out-patient department at Dongguk University Medical Center. We calculated the total score for each responder from ten questions on the weaning of food and assessed the body weight percentile of each of the young infants. RESULTS: The most commonly reported information source for weaning food was 'the friends around' by 62 respondents (44.0%); 54 (38.3%) responded that the definition of weaning food was the preparatory step before starting a solid diet. Most used a spoon (90.8%) to feed when weaning food with a thin gruel of rice (78.7%). The time for weaning of food was before breast or infant formula feeding (55.3%). Addition of cow's milk was around 12 months (77.3%). The mean score was 6.21; however this did not show a statistically significant correlation with weight gain in young infants. CONCLUSION: The overall awareness of weaning of food has improved; however, information from doctors has decreased. Although the relationship between the awareness of weaning of food and the growth of young infants was not statistically significant, further studies on weaning of food, with larger and controlled sample sizes may provide important information.
Academic Medical Centers ; Body Weight ; Breast ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Diet ; Friends ; Gyeongsangbuk-do* ; Humans ; Infant Formula ; Infant* ; Milk ; Outpatients ; Sample Size ; Weaning* ; Weight Gain

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