Journal Detail Information

1

Cite

Share

Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of plasma exchange in treatment of severe and acute organophosphate poisoning.

Hao-min QIU ; Shu-cong ZHENG ; Wei-guo WAN ; He-jian ZOU

Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.2011;29(10):779-781.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the effectiveness of severe and acute organophosphate poisoning (AOPP) treated with plasma exchange in China.

METHODSResearches about effectiveness of severe AOPP treated with plasma exchange were analyzed by Review Manager 4.2 and fixed effect model of meta-analysis method were used.

RESULTSSix trials including 433 patients were identified. Treatment group including 211 patients adopted traditional physician therapy plus plasma exchange, and control group including 222 patients received physician therapy only. The case-fatality rate of the treatment group was lower than the control one [RR=0.30, 95%CI (0.19-0.49), P<0.01].

CONCLUSIONPlasma exchange can improve the cure rate of severe AOPP.

Humans ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; therapy ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Plasmapheresis

2

Cite

Share

Analysis of 4713 cases of Wuhan pesticide poisoning reports of year 2002 to 2010.

Zhen-long CHEN ; Song-han LI ; Ying WANG ; Li YU ; Gui-lin YI ; Yan-ling YAN

Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.2011;29(10):776-778.

OBJECTIVETo provide scientific evidence of making measures for prevention of pesticide poisoning, the investigation on the condition of pesticides poisoning was carried out in Wuhan.

METHODSRegistration data of pesticide poisoning from 2002 to 2010 in Wuhan were collected and statistically analyzed by SAS 9.1.

RESULTSDuring the nine years, there were 4713 cases reported for pesticide poisoning. Among them, the number of occupational poisoning was 2737 (2 cases died), with fatality rate of 0.07%. The number of non-occupational poisoning was 1976 (159 cases died), and its fatality rate was 8.05%. The incidence of occupational poisoning and non-occupational poisoning accounted for 58.1% and 41.9%, respectively. Insecticides especially organophosphorus insecticides, such as parathion, dichlorvos, and methamidophos accounted for 70.6% of the poisoning. Occupational poisoning took place mainly in man, accounting for 68.8%, Non-occupational or life poisoning in contrast mainly occurred in women with a proportion of 66.8%. The majority of the occupational poisoning were 30-59 year-old patients (2239 cases, 81.8%). The majority of the non-occupational poisoning were 30-44 year-old patients (665 cases, 33.6%) and - 70 years old patients (209 cases, 10.6%). High incidence of occupational pesticide poisoning, the regional distribution of Caidian (1016 cases, 37.1% ) highest, followed by the Dongxihu, Hannan and Huangpi. The pesticide poisoning mainly occurred from July to September. The occupational poisoning was mainly caused by poor protection, long working hours, and practice not implemented. The non-occupational poisoning was mainly caused by suicide.

CONCLUSIONSThe majority of the occupational poisoning in Wuhan was middle-aged men. The pesticide poisoning was main caused by insecticides.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Notification ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Young Adult

3

Cite

Share

The image diagnosis of dysbaric osteonecrosis.

Qing ZHANG ; Sheng-hui JIN ; Wen-yu LIANG ; Yan JIN ; Xing-he LIU ; Yong XU

Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.2011;29(11):853-855.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the imaging features of dysbaric osteonecrosis.

METHODSThe imaging appearances of four patients with dysbaric osteonecrosis caused by diving, were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSIn four cases with dysbaric osteonecrosis including case 1 with stage I, case 2 with stage II, case 3 and case 4 with stage III, there were a case with the lesion in a bone and other 3 cases with lesions in multiple bones,and a case with the lesion in unilateral bone and 3 cases with the lesions in lateral bones. (1) The juxta-articular lesions: there were 10 long bones with the head lesions, including 6 humerus with the head lesions and 4 femurs with the head lesions in 4 cases. In four cases, 10 sclerosis lesions appeared in the heads of long bones, each case had a "snow-capped" sclerosis lesion for case 2, case 3 and case 4. There were 7 small radiolucent lesions and a large radiolucent lesion involved in femur neck. The ringlike, linear, bending and punctuate calcification lesions were found on CT films of case 2. The osseous collapse in one femur head and the fragmentations in three femur heads could be seen in case 3 and case 4; 2 crescent signs can be seen in the bilateral femur heads of case 4 with secondary osteoarthritis in left hip joint. (2) The diaphyseal and metaphyseal lesions: the X ray film of case 4 showed the streak and irregular calcifications in the shaft of right humerus; there are strip calcifications in diaphyseal and metaphyseal of the left humerus on MPR coronal view in case 2.

CONCLUSIONThe diagnosis of dysbaric osteonecrosis suggested that the increased bone density or sclerosis lesions appeared in the heads of long bones, and osteonecrosis lesions were found in multiple bones or lateral bones.

Decompression Sickness ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Diving ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteonecrosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies

4

Cite

Share

The curative effect of Fluticasone Salmeterol combined with Tiotropium Bromide for silicosis.

Zhuo-ran ZHANG ; Wei JIN

Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.2011;29(11):851-852.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists ; therapeutic use ; Aged ; Androstadienes ; therapeutic use ; Cholinergic Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Fluticasone ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Scopolamine Derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Silicosis ; drug therapy ; Tiotropium Bromide

5

Cite

Share

Protective effects of curcumin on vascular endothelial injuries induced by radiation.

Fu-bai YANG

Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.2011;29(11):846-848.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of curcumin on vascular endothelial injuries induced by radiation and the mechanism.

METHODSHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were isolated, cultured and divided into the control group and 4 groups exposed to 3-ray at the doses of 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy. Cellular morphological and ultrastructural changes were examined under light microscopy and electron microscopy respectively. Flow cytometry was used to detect the cellular apoptosis, necrosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation. The contents of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the cultures were measured before and after irradiation.

RESULTSThe results of cellular morphological and ultrastructural ex-aminations shown that the typical apoptotic changes appeared after irradiation. The rates of apoptosis and necrosis in groups pretreated with curcumin were significantly lower than those in other groups (P<0.05). LDH and MDA in the irradiation groups were significantly higher than those in curcumin pretreatment groups (P<0.05). The ROS generation in radiation groups significantly increased with the radiation doses, as compared with the groups pre-treated with curcumin (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONIrradiation induced the apoptosis and necrosis of HUVEC, and increased significantly the intracellular LDH and MDA levels in a dose-dependent. Curcumin had the protective effects on HUVEC from the apoptosis and necrosis induced by radiation.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Humans ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; analysis ; Vascular System Injuries

6

Cite

Share

An investigation on the malignancy incidence among rubber industrial workers in Hainan province.

Zhong-ji YAO ; Yan-ping WANG ; Bing-bing ZHENG ; Ying HUANG

Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.2011;29(10):774-775.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the malignancy incidence among rubber manufacture and preliminary processing industrial workers in Hainan Province of China.

METHODSA retrospective survey was conducted on 9 farms in Hainan covering workers who got malignant tumor between January 1, 2005 and October 31, 2010.

RESULTOn average there were 10 320 workers worked on the 9 farms each year. Among them, 167 cases of malignancy were found. The morbidity was 279.01 every a hundred thousand and standardized morbidity was 159.03 every a hundred thousand; In comparison, we also investigated 14228 non-rubber-industry-related workers. 94 malignancy cases were found. The morbidity was 113.91 every a hundred thousand and standardized morbidity was 64.93 every a hundred thousand. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01) meaning that rubber industrial workers in Hainan Province had a higher possibility of getting malignancy. Top 5 types of cancer found in this study were lung cancer (17.96%), liver cancer (17.36%), stomach cancer (13.17%), rectal cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 116 cases of these five types of cancer took up 69.45% of the total.

CONCLUSIONSRubber industrial workers in Hainan have a higher morbidity of malignancy than other local industries. But it is similar to other areas in China.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Occupational Exposure ; Retrospective Studies ; Rubber ; Young Adult

7

Cite

Share

Observation of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity in silica dust exposed workers and silicosis patients.

Rong-ming MIAO ; Ping GUO ; Xue-tao ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.2011;29(10):772-773.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; blood ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Silicosis ; blood ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood

8

Cite

Share

Study on mutagenicity and teratogenicity of ammonium dinitramide.

Wen-xia DU ; Yu-ling WANG ; Yuan-han SUN ; Feng XIE ; Zhi-qiang CHANG ; Ya-fei XING ; Yan-wei ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.2011;29(11):843-845.

OBJECTIVETo study the mutagenicity and teratogenicity induced by ammonium dinitramide(ADN).

METHODSAccording to technical specifications for toxicity determination of chemicals, Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay (Ames assay), in vivo mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test, sperm malformation test and teratogenesis test were used to detect the mutagenicity and teratogenicity induced by AND.

RESULTSWhen the exposure doses of AND were 8-5000 pg/plate, the result of Ames assay was negative. As compared with control group, the micronucleus rate of mice exposed to 113.8 mg/kg AND significantly increased(P<0.05), the sperm malformation rates of mice exposed to 54.4-272.0 mg/kg AND did not increased significantly. The survival rate of fetuses decreased, the rate of assimilated fetuses increased, the rate of fetus sternum agenesis enhanced in mice exposed to 319 mg/kg AND, as compared with controls. The rates of in the 4th-6th fetus sternum agenesis in groups exposed to 21.3, 79.7 and 319 mg/kg AND were higher than that in control group. The malformation rate of fetus bowels in groups exposed to 319 mg/kg AND was higher than that in control group. The teratogenic index of ADN was 30.

CONCLUSIONAND may be a mutagen and induce the teratogenic effect.

Animals ; Embryo, Mammalian ; drug effects ; pathology ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Micronucleus Tests ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Nitrites ; toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; toxicity ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; pathology ; Sternum ; drug effects ; pathology

9

Cite

Share

Analysis on the occupational poisoning case of trichloroethylene reported in Dongguan during 2002 to 2009 .

Yi-fei ZHONG ; Wei YANG ; Jie-ying ZHONG ; Guo-hui LI

Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.2011;29(10):770-772.

OBJECTIVETo understand the demographic, occupational and clinic characteristics of occupational poisoning case due to trichloroethylene in Dongguan in recent years for the purpose of prevention.

METHODSUsing the trichloroethylene patients of poisoning diagnosed in the years between 2002 to 2009 as subjects, their age, sex, industry, job, working duration and exposure level were analysed.

RESULTSIn Dongguan between 2002 and 2009 altogether 82 cases were reported, among the 82 cases 8 patients were dead with case fatality rate of 9.8%. among them there were 12 cases of poisonings(8 females ,4 males); 9 cases were classified as mild poisonings and the rest serious ones, among the 12 cases 3 patients were dead with case fatality rate of 25.0%; Dermatitis caused by TCE there were 70 cases (37 males and 33 females), among the 70 cases 5 patients were dead with case fatality rate of 7.1%. 11 persons (91.7%) were engaged in the job of cleaning and 1 (8.3%) in water gun, and they performed the job only for 3 days in shortest and for 450 days in longest. The cases were distributed in the jobs as the following: 29 (41.4%), 12 (17.1%), 8 (11.4%), 5 (7.1%), 4 (5.7%), cases respectively in the job of cleaning, parts hanging, board washing, painting, gun water spraying; a job duration of 1-50 d (27.4 days in average).

CONCLUSIONIn summary the TCE poisonings in Dongguan were two types of poisoning, i.e., systematic poisonings and drug rash-like dermatitis, occupational TCE poisonings took place mainly in the cleaning workers. Dermatitis caused by TCE can cure but hard to prevent, we should strengthen the early examination of new works.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Dermatitis, Occupational ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Trichloroethylene ; poisoning ; Young Adult

10

Cite

Share

Study on acute and subchronic toxicity of ammonium dinitramide.

Wen-xia DU ; Yu-ling WANG ; Zhi-qiang CHANG ; Ya-fei XING ; Yuan-han SUN ; Feng XIE ; Yan-wei ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.2011;29(11):841-843.

OBJECTIVETo study the acute, subacute and subchronic toxicity induced by ammonium dinitramide (ADN), and to ascertain the gradation and target organs of acute toxicity induced by AND.

METHODSAccording to technical specifications for toxicity determination of chemicals, the oral tests for acute, subacute and subchronic toxicity induced by AND were performed for 90 days.

RESULTSThe oral LDx for mouse and rat was 568.9 mg/kg and 616.6 mg/kg ADN respectively. The gradation of acute toxicity induced by AND was low level. The results of oral subacute and subchronic toxicity tests (for 28 and 90 days) showed that a gain in weight in group exposed to 123 mg/kg AND was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05), the TBIL and ALT in group exposed to 61.6 and 123 mg/kg AND significantly increased and the ratio of liver weight to body weight obviously decreased, as compared with control group, the number of animals with hepatic pathological changes in group exposed to 61.6 and 123 mg/kg AND was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe gradation of acute toxicity induced by ADN was low level. When the exposure dose of AND was 30.8 mg/kg, the adverse effect was not observed, and the target organ was liver.

Animals ; Body Weight ; Female ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Nitrites ; toxicity ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Toxicity Tests, Acute ; Toxicity Tests, Subchronic

DISPLAY OPTIONS

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share