Application of antimalarial drugs in the control of malaria
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2007;0(05):-.
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
2001 to Present ISSN: 1009-7708
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Place particular emphasis on accurate diagnosis and rational therapy of invasive fungal infections
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2007;0(01):-.
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2014;(4):327-333.
Objective To investigate the in vitro destructive effect of chlorogenic acid (CRA)/isochlorogenic acid (IRC)on Aspergillus fumigatus biofilm in a model of biofilm formation.Methods The in vitro biofilm model was established using clinical isolates of A.fumigatus.The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC)of antimicrobial agents against A.fumigatus were determined by microdilution method.Scanning electron microscope (SEM)and laser confocal scanning microscope (CLSM)were used to characterize the biofilm.Crystal violet staining method was used for biofilm quantitation.Results After reaction with CRA/IRC for 24 h or 48 h,observation of biofilm showed that A.fumigatus extracellular matrix was thinner than the control group.Biofilm quantitation showed that the optical densities were 1.05±0.19,1.14±0.26,0.99±0.14 for CRA group (1 024 mg/L,512 mg/L,256 mg/L);1.39±0.06,1.41±0.06,1.60±0.04 for IRC group (1 000 mg/L,500 mg/L,250 mg/L)at 24 h,and 1.91±0.17 for control group (P<0.05).The quantitation of biofilm showed that the optical densities were 2.25±0.05,2.27±0.05,2.31±0.03 for CRA group,2.26 ± 0.02,2.27±0.02,2.29±0.04 for IRC group at 48 h,and 2.36±0.01 for control group (P<0.05).Conclusions CRA/IRC has some inhibitory effect on the formation of A.fumigatus biofilm.
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2014;(4):338-343.
Objective To compare the results of susceptibility testing by European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)broth microdilution methods against Aspergillus isolates.Methods The susceptibilities of 116 Aspergillus isolates were determined for amphotericin B, voriconazole, itraconazole,caspofungin and micafungin according to EUCAST (E.DEF 9.1 )and CLSI (M38-A2)methods.The essential agreement (EA),categorical agreement (CA),very major errors (VME)and major errors (ME)of the two methods were compared.Results The EA was 96.3%-100% between the two methods.The CA ,ME,and VME were 98.8%,0-1.2% and 0 respectively for the susceptibility of Aspergillus fumigatus to voriconazole.The CA,ME and VME was 1 00%,0 and 0 respectively for the susceptibility of Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger to amphotericin B,or the susceptibility of Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus to itraconazole.Conclusions The results of susceptibility testing by EUCAST and CLSI broth microdilution methods are well consistent against Aspergillus isolates.
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2014;(4):334-337.
Objective To explore the effect of combination therapy of aminoglycosides with other antibiotics on reducing the mutant selective window of Acinetobacter baumannii. Methods Three aminoglycoside antibiotics (amikacin, tobramycin, netilmicin)and four frequently used antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii in clinical practice (cefoperazone-sulbactam, imipenem-cilastatin,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin)were studied.The minimum inhibitory concentrations of these antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC1 9606 were determined by E-test.The mutant prevention concentrations of the four antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii alone or in combination with aminoglycosides were determined by agar dilution method.The selective index was calculated. The effect of aminoglycosides on mutant selective window of Acinetobacter baumannii was evaluated according to the change of selective index after combination. Results The selective index of cefoperazone-sulbactam,imipenem-cilastatin,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against A.baumannii ATCC19606 was 16,>32, 16 and 32.When combined with amikacin,the selective index was 1,2,4 and 4,respectively.When combined with tobramycin,the index was 2,2,8 and 8,respectively.When combined with netilmicin,the index was 2,4,8 and 16, respectively. Conclusions The mutant prevention concentration of the four antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii is significantly reduced when combined with any of the three aminoglycosides,which is helpful to decrease the incidence of mutants and control resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Amikacin-based combination shows the most evident effect on reducing the mutant selective window of Acinetobacterbaumannii.
Changing levels of serum iron and hemoglobin in Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced rat pneumonia model
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2014;(4):316-318.
Objective To examine the changing levels of serum iron and hemoglobin in Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced rat pneumonia model and the relationship among infection severity,serum iron and hemoglobin.Methods Sixty Sprague Dawley (SD)rats were randomly assigned to one of the four groups,1 5 SD rats in each group,including three treatment groups and one control group. Low, medium and high doses of bacteria were administered to the animals in the treatment groups respectively through tracheal cannula.The severity of pneumonia was indicated by the level of bacterial load.The animals in the control group did not receive bacterial challenge.The mean serum iron and hemoglobin levels were calculated on day 3,5, and 7 to analyze the relationship between bacterial dose and serum iron or hemoglobin levels.Results The serum iron level in the animals receiving medium or high doses of bacteria was significantly lower compared with that in control group on day 3 (P=0.009,P=0.005).The serum iron level in the animals receiving low dose of bacteria showed significant difference compared with that in the control group on day 5 (P=0.007).The hemoglobin level in the animals receiving medium or high doses of bacteria was significantly different from that in the control group on day 5 (P=0.031,P=0.046).The hemoglobin level in the animals receiving low dose of bacteria did not show significant difference compared with that in the control group on day 3,5 or 7.The bacterial dose level was negatively correlated with the mean level of serum iron (correlation coefficient r=-0.65,r=-0.53,r=-0.61,respectively).There was no definite correlation between the bacterial dose and the mean hemoglobin level.Conclusions Streptococcus pneumoniae infection may be associated with lower serum iron and hemoglobin levels in rats.The severity of infection is negatively correlated with serum iron level,but not hemoglobin level.
Distribution and antibiotic resistance profile of nonfermentative gram negative bacteria
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2014;(4):305-309.
Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and antibiotic resistance of the nonfermenting bacterial strains isolated in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from 2008 to 2012.Methods The bacteria were identified by VITEK-compact system and Phoenix 100 system. Antimicrobial susceptibiity was tested by dilution method. Results A total of 2 450 strains of nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria were isolated from clinical specimens. Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia accounted for 57.2%,25.5% and 10.0%.Specimens were mostly collected from respiratory tract (80.9%),followed by blood (8.1%)and wound exudates (3.9%).The strains were mainly collectd from ICU (50.0%),cardiac surgery ward (17.0%)and respiratory medical ward (11.5%).The prevalence of imipenem-resistant A.baumannii was 62.3%,79.2%,70.4%,76.1%,67.8% from 2008 to 2012.The prevalence of imipenem-resistant P.aeruginosa was 28.7%,25.0%,27.6%,31.1% and 32.0%.S.maltophilia strains showed the highest susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin.Conclusions The high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant non-fermenting bacteria poses a great challenge to clinicins. The rational treatment choice should be based on the result of suseptibility testing.
Serum Dectin-1 in non-agranulocytic patients with pulmonary aspergillosis
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2014;(4):301-304.
Objective To explore the clinical implication of serum Dectin-1 level in the non-agranulocytic patients with pulmonary aspergillosis. Methods Serum specimen were collected from the non-agranulocytic patients with pulmonary aspergillosis to determine the serum level of Dectin-1 with ELISA.The relationship between serum Dectin-1 level,the results of G test and galactomannan (GM)test of Aspergillus,and white blood cell count was analyzed.Results The serum Dectin-1 level was (427.2 ± 42.6)pg/mL in the patients with Aspergillus infection,and (280.8 ± 39.4)pg/mL in the control patients (P<0.05 ).Dectin-1 level was not correlated to white blood cell count,or the result of G test,or GM test. Conclusions Serum Dectin-1 level increases significantly in the non-agranulocytic patients with pulmonary aspergillosis, suggesting that Dectin-1 is an important anti-Aspergillus immune molecule.
Effects of Litsea cubeba oil on gene expression profile of Candida albicans
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2014;(4):295-300.
Objective To analyze the effects of Litsea cubeba oil on gene expression profile of Candida albicans by comparing the differential gene expression profile after exposure to Litsea cubeba oil using genome-wide gene expression array.Methods Candida albicans ATCC90028 was exposed to Litsea cubeba oil for 90 min.Then RNA was isolated and gene expression profiles were compared to identify the differential gene expression profile using cDNA microarray analysis.Results A total of 491 geneswerefoundtoberesponsivetoLitseacubebaoil,accountingforabout11% ofthetotalnumberofgenesinCandida albicans (491/4 634),of which 216 genes were up-regulated and 275 down-regulated.These differentially expressed genes included genes encoding the key target enzyme in ergosterol biosynthesis pathway,genes in stress response,DNA replication and repair,molecular transport,and energy metabolism.Conclusions Litsea cubeba oil has significant effect on the expression of about 1 1% genes of Candida albicans genome.We presume that the genes encoding the key target enzyme in ergosterol biosynthesis pathway may contribute to the action of Litseacubeba oil on Candidaalbicans,which is similar to azole antifungal drugs.However,the role of other differentially expressed genes in the action of Litseacubeba oil on Candidaalbicans remains unclear,which deserves further study to characterize their potential association with the antifungal effect of Litsea cubeba oil.
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2014;(4):273-275.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 10-day moxifloxacin,esomeprazole plus furazolidone triple therapy as first-line treatment to eradicate Helicobacter pylori (Hp)in comparison with the 14-day quadruple therapy containing esomeprazole,amoxicillin, clarithromycin and colloidal bismuth pectin. Methods A total of 1 26 cases of endoscopically confirmed Hp-positive chronic active gastritis or peptic ulcer were randomly assigned to the treatment group to receive esomeprazole,moxifloxacin plus furazolidone triple therapy for 1 0 days;or to the control group to receive esomeprazole, amoxicillin,clarithromycin,and colloidal bismuth pectin quadruple therapy for 14 days.Clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated after 4-week treatment.Results At the end of treatment,the Hp eradication rate was 89.4%in the treatment group, and 88.3% in the control group(P>0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group (16.7%)was significantly lower than that in the control group (36.7%)(P<0.05).Conclusions The 10-day moxifloxacin,esomeprazole plus furazolidone triple therapy is effective and well-tolerated as first-line treatment to eradicate Hp with samilar efficacy and fewer adverse reactions compared to the 14-day bismuth-based quadruple therapy.
Country
China
Publisher
复旦大学医学院
ElectronicLinks
http://www.cjic.com.cnEditor-in-chief
cjic@fudan.edu.cn
Abbreviation
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
Vernacular Journal Title
中国感染与化疗杂志
ISSN
1009-7708
EISSN
Year Approved
2009
Current Indexing Status
Currently Indexed
Start Year
2001
Description
历史沿革【现用刊名：中国感染与化疗杂志;曾用刊名：中国抗感染化疗杂志;创刊时间：2001】，期刊荣誉【Caj-cd规范获奖期刊】。
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