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Analysis of Use of Antibiotics in Inpatients in a Rural Hospital

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):26-27,28.

In order to get information on the use of antibiotics in rural areas, 300 hospitalized patients were randomly selected from a rural hospital of Guangdong province and investigated for antibiotic use. The rate of antibiotic use in the hospitalized patients was 86.7 %; the four antibiotics at the top of the list were penicilins, cephalosporins, quinolones and macrolide. The rate of combined use of antibiotics was 68.46%. The culture of bacteria was carried out in only 4.62% of the patients and no antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted. It is concluded that the antibiotics were not used in rational fashion in the rural hospital.

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Analysis on the Use of Antibiotics in 487 Cases of Peptic Ulcer

Shinian TA

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):22,23-.

To investigate the use of antibiotics in the patients with non-Helicobacter pylori (Hp)peptic ulcer, 487 patients of 3 hospitals were analyzed retrospectively. Our results showed that in the 487 cases, the antibiotics were used in 44.3% of the patients. Among them, 56.5 % of the patients were not indicated for the use of antibiotics. There was a significant difference between patients on Free Medical Care Program and non-free-medical care program patients(P＜0.001 ). No significant difference was found in the use of antibiotics between Class lA and Class 2A hospitals( P＞0.05 ). It is concluded that increasingly serious and extensive abuse of antibiotics exists in the treatment of peptic ulcer and steps should be held in check.

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Randomized Controlled Study on the Effects of Intensive Cyclophosphamide Therapy Plus Corticosteroids and Corticosteroids-alone Treatment for Lupus Nephritis

Zhisong JIANG

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):11-12,37.

To investigate the short and long-term effects of intensive cyclophosphamide therapy plus corticosteroids on lupus mephritis, 27 patients with severe lupus nephritis were divided into two groups. Patients in group 1 received prednisone alone and patients in group 2 were given intensive cyclophosphamide therapy plus corticosteroids. The treatment course lasted for 1.5 years and the patients were followed up for 4 years. At the end of the treatment, the differences in indicators, single or comprehensive, of effieacy were statistically signifieant(P＜0.05) between the two groups. A four-year follow-up showed that the difference in relapse was significant(P＜0.05). It is concluded that the intensive cyclophosphamide therapy plus corticosteroids on lupus nephritis was better than that of predinison-alone treatment in our series in terms of short-term and long-term effects on lupus nephritis.

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Clinical Investigation on the Effect of INF on Mumps Encephalitis in Children

Yazhong ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):10-.

To evaluate the therapeutic effect of INF on mumps encephalitis in children, 86 eases of mumps encephalitis wererandomly divided into two groups in order to compare the effects of INF and that of rihavirin. The recovery time of fever was 2.1± 0.52 days. The recovery time of parotid gland enlargement was 3.5±0.82 days. The recovery time of nervous system symptoms was 1.62±0.75 days. The comparison showed that the therapeutic effects of IFN was superior to that of ribavirin(P＜0.05).

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Analysis of Anti-hypertension Therapy of 208 Elderly Patients with Essential Hypertension and Target Organ Injury

Lipin ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2007;0(02):-.

Objective:To analyze the anti-hypertension drugs used by elderly patients with essential hypertension and target organ injury in the inpatient department of the hospital.Method:A statistical and review analysis of anti-hyper- tension therapy planned for 208 patients aged 60 years and over with essential hypertension of 3rd grade,extreme high risk group and target organ injury.Result:The most common combinative treatment plan and drug option frequency(%)were as follows:cerebral infarction group:angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) (87.77%)+long-acting calcium channel blocker (CCB) (79.58%)+diuretic (77.55%),diabetes mellitus group:CCB(86.26%)+ACEI (68.18%)+diuretic(56.82%),renal insufficiency group:CCB(87.67%)+ACEI(45.45%) or angiotensinⅡre- ceptor blocker (ARB)(45.45%)+diuretic(60.61%),heart failure group:ACEI (86.67%)+diuretic(96.67%) +?-blocker(66.67%) and coronary heart disease group:CCB(84.73%)+ACEI(86.53%)+?-blocker(77.12%). Conclusion:The essential hypertension of 3rd grade,extreme high risk group of the aged should adopt a combinative treat- ment plan and concise indication drugs in term of the target organ injury of patients.

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Development and Evaluation of the Scale for Assessing the Report Quality of Clinical Trials

Peishan WANG ; Dengyuan ZHOU ; Zhenlin JIA ; Lijian LI ; Jiang TIAN

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2006;0(01):-.

Objective:To develop the instrument for the evaluation of the report quality of clinical trials with the modified Delphi method in combination with panel discussions, and assess its validity and reliability. Method: For the development of the instrument, the modified Delphi method in combination with a panel discussion was applied. The consulting panel included pharmacologists, clinical doctors, epidemiologists, statisticians and editors of journal. 30 reports for the therapy of hypertension published in 2000 were selected for the estimation of the instrument of the validity and reliability. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to test the reliability. The CONSORT statement was used as a control, and a Kendall correlation was worked out to estimate the validity. Result:A total of 10 specialists took part in the consultation. During the first round of consultation, the expert harmonious coefficient (W) reached to 0. 505 and 19 items were identified. A total of 100 scores were distributed to the 19 items in the second round, and finally the scale was completed. After scoring the 30 reports on hypertension therapy by two readers independently, the interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of the total score were 0.921,and 0.987 in the introduction part, 0.875 in materials and methods, 0.902 in results, and 0.966 in the discussion and others, P

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Cost Minimization Analysis of Sequential Treatment of Children Community-acquired Pneumonia with Azithromycin

Linqin ZHEN ; Feng ZHAO ; Xiang LIN

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2006;0(01):-.

Objective:To:investigate the curative effects and cost of sequential treatment of children communityacquired pneumoni(CAP) with azithromycin. Method:118 cases of CAP from this hospital were divided into two groups: sequential azithromycin therapeutic group (Group A) and iv ceftazidime group (Group B). Their clinical effect was observed and cost minimization analysis was carried out. Result:The total costs were 612?7. 3 yuan and 819?8. 2 yuan(P 0.05) in Group A and Group B respectively. Conclusion: The sequential azithromycin scheme is a better one to treat CAP.

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Analysis of 5-HT_3 Receptor Antagonists Used in 25 Hospitals of Wuhan During the Period of 2003-2005

Yi ZHAO ; Li LIU

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2006;0(01):-.

Objective:To evaluate the current situation and the developing trend of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists used in 25 hospital of Wuhan during the period of 2003～2005 in order to provide reference for clinical doctors and pharmacists. Method:The 5-HT3 receptor antagonists were statistically analyzed in respect to the purchase sum of money,DDDs and daily costs. Result:During the 3 years, purchase sum of money of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists were yearly increasing. The share of the market of domestic drugs showed an increasing tendency,while the imported drugs decreased year by year. Granisetron, ondansetron and tropisetron were much more frequently used than others. Conclusion:The market of the oral agents of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists will further expand in China.

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Irirotecan Combined with Fluoropyrimidine in the Treatment of 46 Cases with Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma

Ying DENG ; Lan YANG ; Haixia PAN ; Honglin HU

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2006;0(01):-.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of Irirotecan(CPT-11) combined with 5-FU/CF in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, in which FOLFOX4 or LV5FU2 had failed to cure it. Method: 46 cases of metastatic colorectal cancer patients were treated by CPT-11 combined with 5-FU/CF for one cycle every two weeks; namely, CPT-11 was given by 180mg/m2 iv d1, CF by 200mg/m2 iv d1-2, 5-FU by 400mg iv bolus d1, and 5-FU by 600mg/m2 iv 22h d1-2. Two weeks was a cycle. The study term was 3-6 months. Result:CR was 0, PR was 39. 13% (18/46) , SD was 43.47% (20/46) , PD was 17.39% (8/46) and CBR was 82.69% (38/46). The clinical reaction evaluation efficiency was 78. 86% (36/46). Their life quality was notably improved. Conclusion:CPT-11 combined 5-Fu/CF can be used as second-line treatment for metastatic colotedal cancer.

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Efficacy of Iron Dextran Combined with EPO in the Treatment of Renal Anemia

Hua CHE ; Xing FAN

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2006;0(01):-.

Objective:To compare the intravenous (Ⅳ) administration with an oral iron agent administration in their efficacy and side effects in hemodialysis patients with renal anemia. Method:50 renal anemic patients were randomly grouped as the treatment group (TG) and controlled group (25 cases for each). 100 mg iron dextran injection was intravenously dropped twice weekly for the TG patients in the dialysis course, totally 10 times. 150 mg iron polysaccharide complex capsules was orally used qd in the controlled group. All the patients were treated in combination with 8000u of erythropoietin (EPO) weekly and observed for 8 weeks. The changes in Hb, serum ferritin level and agent side effect were monitored. Result:Hb, Hct and SP were all improved in both the TG and controlled group after the treatment (P

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