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Analysis on the Durg Utilization of Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents in an Inland Hospital and a Coastal Hospital

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):28-29.

To get information about the status of use of oral hypoglycaemic agents in an inland and coastal hospitals,the ordes of total cost and DDDs were employed to compare the use of oral hypoglycaemic agents in an inland hospital and a coastal hospital.Our results showed that the much less biguanides were used in the coastal hospital as compared with the inland hospital.It is conclinical practice included dimethyl biguanide,glipizide,gliclazide and glibenclamide.

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Dynamic Analysis of the Use of Antihypertensive drugs in a Teaching Hospital During Recent 5 Years

Xilan TANG ; Xiangzhi SONG ; Cuidiao XIE

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):23-25.

To find out the patterns and trend of clinical use of antihypertensive agents to provide a guidance for rational use of drugs, the antihypertensive drugs used in our hospital during 1995-1999 period was investigated in respect to the sum of consumption cost, drugs used and DDDs. Our results showed that the DDDs and the consumption cost for antihypertensive drugs have increased gradually for recent 5 years. The order of DDDs of drugs was as follows: calcium antagonists, adrenergic blocking drugs, ACE inhibitors, the drugs affecting sympathetic transmitters and peripheral vasodilators. The order of sum of money was as follows: ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists and calcium antagonists respectively. It is concluded that a diverse array of anthhypertensive agents were available and widely used clinically and attention should be paid to the rational use of the drugs.

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Study on the Drug Utilization for Lower Respiratory Tract Diseases

Shengxin CHEN ; Jingxia ZHAO ; Zhigao HE ; Shuiyi WEI ; Lixin SHU

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):19-21.

To study the status and patterns of the drug utilization in the diseases of lower respiratory tract, the drug utilization for 290 inpatients with respiratory tract diseases in a Shanghai hospital druing 1993-1997 was analyzed by using Acute Physiology, Age, Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) and index of defined daily dose numbers(DDDs). The relativity between APACHE and DDDs was studied. It was found that most common drugs was anti-infection agents and expectorants, accounting for 39.06% and 38.38 %, respectively. The quantitative relationship between drug consumption and disease severity was not observed. It is concluded that the status of the drug utilization can't be demonstrated by analyzing the frequency of drug use by using DDDs.

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Bibliometrical Analysis of Chinese Literature on Drug-Induced Renal Failure——A 227 Case Reprot

Qingwei WANG ; Xueying LIU ; Xiang GAO ; Shuhao TENG

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):13-14.

To better understand the drugs, frequency and other factors involved in the drug-induced renal failure, 227 cases of renal failure reported in the Chinese medical and pharmaceutical journals were statistically analyzed. Our results showed that the drugs that tend to cause renal failure are antibiotics, involving 80 cases, followed by antituberculosis agents(38 eases)and dehydration agents. Gentamycin (47 cases) and rifrimactane(36 cases) were among the drugs with highest incidence. There were 58 cases of death due to drug-related renal failure.

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Losartan in the Treatment of Essential Hypertension

Zhinan XIAO ; Chun YI

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):6-7.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of losartan in the treatment of essential hypertension, 81 patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Patients in the first group(n =41) were given losartan 50 mg to 100 mg once a day; those in the second group( n = 40) were given benazepril 10 mg to 20 mg once a day. The treatment course lasted for a weeks. Ambulatory blood pressure, hepatic and renal functions, blood glucose were examined before and after therapy. Our results showed that the total efficacy rate in losartan group was 93％ while that in benazepril group was 90％. The efficacy was similar between the two groups. However, effect of 24 h blood pressure control by lossrtan was superior to than of benazepril. The adverse reaction of losartan was milder that that of benazepril. It is concluded that losartan is a safe, long-acting antihypertensive agent for mild and moderate hypertension with good patient tolerance and less adverse reactions.

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Randomized Control Study on the Effect of Venlafaxine and Amitriptyline on depression

Hongling HU ; Weijin CHENG ; Luzhi YE ; Liming LAN

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):4-5.

To investigate the efficacy and adverse effects of venlafaxine in the treatment of depression, patients were given venlafaxine or amitriptyline for 6 weeks. The efficacy of the drugs were assessed by using HAMD and HAMA at the 4th, 7th, 14th and 42nd day before and after the medication. The adverse effects were evaluated by TESS. Our results showed that the effect time of venlafaxine was (8.52±4.47) d, which was fasler the that of amitriptyline. The effective rate of venlafaxine was 83%, which was faster the that of amitriptyline. but venlafaxine caused less dry mouth, constipation, blurred vusion, tachycardia and anorexia etc. It is concluded that venlafaxine worked faster with less side effect in the treatment of depression as compared with amitriptyline.

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Lessons of the Ban on Phenylpropanolamine(PPA)

Huiji QIN

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):1-3.

To help pharmaceutical companies absorb lessons from the Ban on PPA, the article analyses the behavior of SinoUS Smith Kline & French, which led to great loss after the Ban of an PPA by SDA of China. It points out that the Ban of PPA did not come unexpectedly. Before the Ban many clinical reports had been released and the authorities of some countries had already introduced ban on PPA or issued warnings on the possible danger of PPA. If the company in question had taken timely measures to keep track of the information, the loss could have been minimized, It is concluded that the pharmaceutical companies should step up their effort for the monitoring and following-up of their products after introduction of their durgs to markets and attach importance to the study of pharmacoepidemioloy. Pharmaceutical companies should put emphasis on the collection of information.

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Analysis of Use of Antibiotics in Inpatients in a Rural Hospital

Sidong CHEN

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):26-27,28.

In order to get information on the use of antibiotics in rural areas, 300 hospitalized patients were randomly selected from a rural hospital of Guangdong province and investigated for antibiotic use. The rate of antibiotic use in the hospitalized patients was 86.7 %; the four antibiotics at the top of the list were penicilins, cephalosporins, quinolones and macrolide. The rate of combined use of antibiotics was 68.46%. The culture of bacteria was carried out in only 4.62% of the patients and no antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted. It is concluded that the antibiotics were not used in rational fashion in the rural hospital.

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Analysis on the Use of Antibiotics in 487 Cases of Peptic Ulcer

Shinian TA

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):22,23-.

To investigate the use of antibiotics in the patients with non-Helicobacter pylori (Hp)peptic ulcer, 487 patients of 3 hospitals were analyzed retrospectively. Our results showed that in the 487 cases, the antibiotics were used in 44.3% of the patients. Among them, 56.5 % of the patients were not indicated for the use of antibiotics. There was a significant difference between patients on Free Medical Care Program and non-free-medical care program patients(P＜0.001 ). No significant difference was found in the use of antibiotics between Class lA and Class 2A hospitals( P＞0.05 ). It is concluded that increasingly serious and extensive abuse of antibiotics exists in the treatment of peptic ulcer and steps should be held in check.

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Randomized Controlled Study on the Effects of Intensive Cyclophosphamide Therapy Plus Corticosteroids and Corticosteroids-alone Treatment for Lupus Nephritis

Zhisong JIANG

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):11-12,37.

To investigate the short and long-term effects of intensive cyclophosphamide therapy plus corticosteroids on lupus mephritis, 27 patients with severe lupus nephritis were divided into two groups. Patients in group 1 received prednisone alone and patients in group 2 were given intensive cyclophosphamide therapy plus corticosteroids. The treatment course lasted for 1.5 years and the patients were followed up for 4 years. At the end of the treatment, the differences in indicators, single or comprehensive, of effieacy were statistically signifieant(P＜0.05) between the two groups. A four-year follow-up showed that the difference in relapse was significant(P＜0.05). It is concluded that the intensive cyclophosphamide therapy plus corticosteroids on lupus nephritis was better than that of predinison-alone treatment in our series in terms of short-term and long-term effects on lupus nephritis.

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