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Analysis on the Durg Utilization of Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents in an Inland Hospital and a Coastal Hospital

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):28-29.

To get information about the status of use of oral hypoglycaemic agents in an inland and coastal hospitals,the ordes of total cost and DDDs were employed to compare the use of oral hypoglycaemic agents in an inland hospital and a coastal hospital.Our results showed that the much less biguanides were used in the coastal hospital as compared with the inland hospital.It is conclinical practice included dimethyl biguanide,glipizide,gliclazide and glibenclamide.

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Dynamic Analysis of the Use of Antihypertensive drugs in a Teaching Hospital During Recent 5 Years

Xilan TANG ; Xiangzhi SONG ; Cuidiao XIE

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):23-25.

To find out the patterns and trend of clinical use of antihypertensive agents to provide a guidance for rational use of drugs, the antihypertensive drugs used in our hospital during 1995-1999 period was investigated in respect to the sum of consumption cost, drugs used and DDDs. Our results showed that the DDDs and the consumption cost for antihypertensive drugs have increased gradually for recent 5 years. The order of DDDs of drugs was as follows: calcium antagonists, adrenergic blocking drugs, ACE inhibitors, the drugs affecting sympathetic transmitters and peripheral vasodilators. The order of sum of money was as follows: ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists and calcium antagonists respectively. It is concluded that a diverse array of anthhypertensive agents were available and widely used clinically and attention should be paid to the rational use of the drugs.

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Study on the Drug Utilization for Lower Respiratory Tract Diseases

Shengxin CHEN ; Jingxia ZHAO ; Zhigao HE ; Shuiyi WEI ; Lixin SHU

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):19-21.

To study the status and patterns of the drug utilization in the diseases of lower respiratory tract, the drug utilization for 290 inpatients with respiratory tract diseases in a Shanghai hospital druing 1993-1997 was analyzed by using Acute Physiology, Age, Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) and index of defined daily dose numbers(DDDs). The relativity between APACHE and DDDs was studied. It was found that most common drugs was anti-infection agents and expectorants, accounting for 39.06% and 38.38 %, respectively. The quantitative relationship between drug consumption and disease severity was not observed. It is concluded that the status of the drug utilization can't be demonstrated by analyzing the frequency of drug use by using DDDs.

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Bibliometrical Analysis of Chinese Literature on Drug-Induced Renal Failure——A 227 Case Reprot

Qingwei WANG ; Xueying LIU ; Xiang GAO ; Shuhao TENG

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):13-14.

To better understand the drugs, frequency and other factors involved in the drug-induced renal failure, 227 cases of renal failure reported in the Chinese medical and pharmaceutical journals were statistically analyzed. Our results showed that the drugs that tend to cause renal failure are antibiotics, involving 80 cases, followed by antituberculosis agents(38 eases)and dehydration agents. Gentamycin (47 cases) and rifrimactane(36 cases) were among the drugs with highest incidence. There were 58 cases of death due to drug-related renal failure.

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Losartan in the Treatment of Essential Hypertension

Zhinan XIAO ; Chun YI

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):6-7.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of losartan in the treatment of essential hypertension, 81 patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Patients in the first group(n =41) were given losartan 50 mg to 100 mg once a day; those in the second group( n = 40) were given benazepril 10 mg to 20 mg once a day. The treatment course lasted for a weeks. Ambulatory blood pressure, hepatic and renal functions, blood glucose were examined before and after therapy. Our results showed that the total efficacy rate in losartan group was 93％ while that in benazepril group was 90％. The efficacy was similar between the two groups. However, effect of 24 h blood pressure control by lossrtan was superior to than of benazepril. The adverse reaction of losartan was milder that that of benazepril. It is concluded that losartan is a safe, long-acting antihypertensive agent for mild and moderate hypertension with good patient tolerance and less adverse reactions.

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Randomized Control Study on the Effect of Venlafaxine and Amitriptyline on depression

Hongling HU ; Weijin CHENG ; Luzhi YE ; Liming LAN

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):4-5.

To investigate the efficacy and adverse effects of venlafaxine in the treatment of depression, patients were given venlafaxine or amitriptyline for 6 weeks. The efficacy of the drugs were assessed by using HAMD and HAMA at the 4th, 7th, 14th and 42nd day before and after the medication. The adverse effects were evaluated by TESS. Our results showed that the effect time of venlafaxine was (8.52±4.47) d, which was fasler the that of amitriptyline. The effective rate of venlafaxine was 83%, which was faster the that of amitriptyline. but venlafaxine caused less dry mouth, constipation, blurred vusion, tachycardia and anorexia etc. It is concluded that venlafaxine worked faster with less side effect in the treatment of depression as compared with amitriptyline.

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Lessons of the Ban on Phenylpropanolamine(PPA)

Huiji QIN

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2001;10(1):1-3.

To help pharmaceutical companies absorb lessons from the Ban on PPA, the article analyses the behavior of SinoUS Smith Kline & French, which led to great loss after the Ban of an PPA by SDA of China. It points out that the Ban of PPA did not come unexpectedly. Before the Ban many clinical reports had been released and the authorities of some countries had already introduced ban on PPA or issued warnings on the possible danger of PPA. If the company in question had taken timely measures to keep track of the information, the loss could have been minimized, It is concluded that the pharmaceutical companies should step up their effort for the monitoring and following-up of their products after introduction of their durgs to markets and attach importance to the study of pharmacoepidemioloy. Pharmaceutical companies should put emphasis on the collection of information.

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Evaluation and Analysis of Drug Resistance of Escherichia Coli and Relationship of the Antibacterial Use

Yonghong CAO ; Defeng HOU ; Taiyuan LU ;

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2006;0(01):-.

Objective:To investigate the variation of the drug resistance of Escherichia coli(Eco)against antibacterial in clinical specimens in the hospital, and to evaluate the simultaneous use of antibacterial, to explore to provide the reference for the reasonable clinical use of antibacterial. Method:Eco was separated from all kinds of clinical specimens of out-patients and in-patients in the hospital from August of 2005 to April of 2006,and ESBLs was detected with Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disk diffusion method. It was also counted that the antibacterial drugs ranked the first 30 in sales per month and their use frequencies in the same period in the hospital. Result:The detectable rate of producing ESBLs Eco was 58.6%. Eco was completely sensitive to imipenem. It had lower resistance rates, only 2% and 4% , against piperacillin/tazobactam and cefoperazone/sulbactam; and had 59% and 55% resistance rates respectively against cefotaxime claforan and ceftazidime pentahydrate in the third generation cephalosporin. The third generation cephalosporin and quinolones kept high in sales and their use frequencies ranked the first three. The use of the third generation cephalosporin with anhydrase inhibitors also had an uptrend. Conclusion:There is a direct relation between the use of a great deal of antibacterial and the imitative drug resistance of Eco. It is necessary to strengthen its clinical management and to raise the level of drug use.

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Therapeutic Effect of Procaine Plus Compound Salvia Miltiorrhiza in the Treatment of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Associated with Stomachache

Linqin ZHENG ; Ning DONG ; Xiang LIN ;

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2007;0(02):-.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of procaine plus compound salvia miltiorrhiza injection in the treatment of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) associated with stomachache.Method:35 cases of Pedo-HSP were ran- domly divided into two groups.The experimental group was treated with the compound salvia mihiorrhiza injection in addi- tion to the routine treatment and the controlled group received the routine treatment only.Result:The time of relief and dis- appearance of stomachache and average days were much shorter in the experimental group than in the controlled group (p

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Comparisons of Therapeutic Effects of Blood Glucose Control by Using Acarbose in Combination with Different Insulin

Lihui LIANG ; Min WANG ; Huazhu LI ;

Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology.2007;0(02):-.

Objective:To observe therapeutic effects of blood glucose control by using acarbose in combination with different insulin.Method:58 patients were randomly divided into two groups treated with either insulin glargine (Lan- tus;Aventis) or human NPH insulin (Novolin;NovoNordisk).Subcutaneous injection of insulin before sleep and oral acar- bose were carried out for the treatment,which lasted three weeks.The degree of blood control,the amount of insulin used, and the cases of hypoglycemia for both groups were observed at the end of the experiments.Result:The fasting blood glu- cose showed its normal and stable result,and the average blood glucose values at different time slots per day in the group treated with insulin glarglne were lower than those in the group treated with human NPH insulin.The maximum difference of blood glucose values occurred after dinner while no significant variance appeared after breakfast and after lunch.Conclu- sion:The therapeutic effects are quite efficient and stable in controlling 24-hour blood glucose in type 2 diabetes by using acarbose in combination with either insulin glargine or human NPH insulin (Novolin;NovoNordisk).In addition,the oc- currence rates of hypoglycemia with both methods are low whereas the therapeutic effects for the first group are superior to those for the latter group.

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