Ethical and legislative perspectives on liver transplantation in Mainland China.
Chinese Journal of Surgery.2007;45(5):292-296.
Chinese Journal of Surgery
1951 to Present ISSN: 0529-5815
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Chinese Journal of Surgery.2007;45(4):262-266.
OBJECTIVETo establish an animal model of obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) after lung transplantation and investigate the pathogenesis preliminarily.
METHODSTracheal segments (5 cartilaginous rings each) were transplanted from SD rats to SD rats (Group I) or to Wistar rats (Group II and III). Grafts were implanted into an abdominal cavity and wrapped in the omentum. Animals in Group I and II did not receive CsA, animals in Group III received CsA daily by gastro-tube at 10 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) from beginning to end. Grafts were harvested on day 3, 14, 28 after transplantation as representative time points for 3 phases of injury in the evolution of allograft airway obliteration, then examined histological changes and gene expression of T-helper 1-and T-helper 2-type cytokines [Th1: interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma); Th2: interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10)] in grafts. At the same time, effects of CsA were observed on the above-mentioned indices.
RESULTSThere was no significant difference in histological changes on day 3 after transplantation among 3 groups (P > 0.05). Tracheas in Group I approached to normal morphology on day 14 after transplantation. Airway epithelium of Group II and III almost lost completely on day 14 after transplantation. There was no significant difference between Group II and Group III (P > 0.05), but there were significant differences between Group I and Group II or Group III. The cross-sectional area of the tracheal lumen was narrowed by approximately (5.0 +/- 1.2)%, (28.5 +/- 5.0)% and (19.4 +/- 2.9)% respectively on day 14 after transplantation in Group I, II and III, there were significant differences among 3 groups. On day 14 after transplantation, tracheas in Group I revealed few lymphocytic infiltration, but it showed dense lymphocytic infiltration in Group II. Tracheas in Group III have much more lymphocyte infiltration than that in Group I, but much less than that in Group II. There were significant differences among 3 groups, too (P < 0.01). The tracheal lumen revealed almost total luminal obstruction (94.8 +/- 3.6)% on day 28 after transplantation in Group II. The cross-sectional area of the tracheal lumen was narrowed by approximately (3.7 +/- 0.8)% and (36.6 +/- 7.6)% respectively in Group I and III on day 28. There were significant differences among 3 groups (P < 0.01). Compared with that on day 14, lymphocytic infiltration had decreased gradually on day 28 in Group II and III. There were significant differences among 3 groups all the same (P < 0.01). In Group II, expression of IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-10 were much higher than that in Group I. Expression of Th1 cytokines was increased to a greater extent than that of Th2 cytokines in Group II compared with Group I. Allografts in Group III expressed significantly less IL-2 gene transcripts than that in Group II over all the points. There was no significant difference between Group II and III in IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-10 gene expression.
CONCLUSIONSCompared with isografts, allografts have more obvious changes, such as epithelial damage, fibroproliferation and lymphocytic infiltration. Th1 and Th2 lymphocyte subtypes contribute to the development of obliterative bronchiolitis in heterotopic trachea transplant model of rat, and changes of their cytokines gene expression may be involved in the pathogenesis. CsA could reduce the development of fibroproliferation and lymphocyte infiltration markedly, but it could not protect airway epithelium. CsA inhibits IL-2 gene transcripts, so it can reduce development of the pathologic lesion of obliterative bronchiolitis to a certain degree.
Abdominal Cavity ; surgery ; Animals ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans ; etiology ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Cyclosporine ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; Interleukin-10 ; genetics ; Interleukin-2 ; genetics ; Interleukin-4 ; genetics ; Lung Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Trachea ; metabolism ; pathology ; transplantation ; Transplantation, Homologous
Effects of LRIG1 gene on the invasion of bladder cancer in vitro.
Chinese Journal of Surgery.2007;45(4):258-261.
OBJECTIVETo observe the change of invasion ability of the bladder cancer cell line BIU87 after transfected with LRIG1 gene.
METHODSPlasmid pLRIG1-GFP was transfected into bladder cancer cells (BIU87) by Lipofectamine 2000, and cells that could express LRIG1 stably was screened out by G418. The alteration of cellular invasion property of BIU87, BIU87-neo and BIU87-LRIG1 cells was evaluated by Boyden chamber. The expression of mRNA and protein of LRIG1 and EGFR was detected by RT-PCR and Western-blot.
RESULTSCompared with BIU87 and BIU87-neo cells, after BIU87 cell line was transfected with plasmid pLRIG1-GFP, the invasion ability decreased significantly, the expression of mRNA and protein of LRIG1 was obviously up-regulated and that of EGFR was down-regulated (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONLRIG1 gene can significantly inhibit the invasion ability of BIU87 cell line.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Plasmids ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection ; methods ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology
Chinese Journal of Surgery.2007;45(4):254-257.
OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effects on allografts and the possible mechanism of adeno-associated heme-oxygenase-1 (AdHO-1) gene therapy against chronic rejection injury.
METHODSEx vivo AdHO-1 gene therapy was performed in vascular and renal transplantation models. The structure and function, the expression of therapeutic genes and proteins, and the immune modulation were analyzed.
RESULTSAdHO-1 gene therapy protected renal transplant against chronic rejection, but the effect was not as remarkable as that in vascular transplant. The transfected empty vehicle aggravated chronic rejection damage in renal transplantation. AdHO-1 decreased the infiltration of macrophages and CD4(+) T cells.
CONCLUSIONSAdHO-1 gene therapy can lessen damage of chronic rejection in allografts. It plays roles by protecting transplants, down-regulating immune response and inducing immune deviation.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Blood Vessels ; transplantation ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Chronic Disease ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Genetic Vectors ; Graft Rejection ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Graft Survival ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; genetics ; Kidney Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Macrophages ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Transfection ; Transplantation, Homologous
Early operative treatment of pelvic fractures associated with urethral disruption.
Chinese Journal of Surgery.2007;45(4):249-253.
OBJECTIVETo evaluate the early operative treatment and clinical results of pelvic fractures associated with urethra disruption.
METHODSFrom January 1995 to January 2005, 25 patients suffered from pelvic fractures combined urethra disruption treated by operation were retrospectively analyzed. According to Tile's classification, 1 case was stable pelvic fracture, 17 rotational unstable fractures, and 7 rotational combined vertical unstable fractures. The complete urethra rupture were in 23 cases and incomplete in 2 cases. The operative methods included: (1) emergency open reduction and internal fixation of the pelvis combined primary urethra suturing in 2 cases, partial suturing after realignment in 4 cases, realignment in 2 cases, and urethrovaginal penetrating wound repairing in 1 case; (2) primary urethra realignment only and delayed (range, 7 to 21 days) pelvic internal fixation in 10 cases; (3) early cystostomy and delayed (range, 3 to 21 days) urethra realignment and pelvic internal fixation in 6 cases.
RESULTSThe mean follow-up time of all patients was 34 months (range from 6 to 120 months). According to Majeed's evaluation, 17 cases of pelvic injury showed excellent results, 5 good, and 3 fare. After urinary catheter removed, the mean maximal urine flow rate of 19 (76%) patients was 18.6 ml/s and the mean scar length between both disrupted ends on the film of excretion urethrography was 0.51 cm. Five (20%) cases suffered in dysuria needed urethral dilatation or further surgery. One (4%) female could not control urination who need a second-look operation. The primary suprapubic soft tissue avulsion wound infection secondary to retropubic abscess was found in 1 case, posterior urethra-stenosis in 5 cases, sexual impotence in 3 cases, and incontinence in 1 case.
CONCLUSIONSThe satisfactory reduction and effective fixation of the pelvic fractures is an anatomical basis for receiving "tension-free urethral anastomosis".
Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; injuries ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; injuries
Chinese Journal of Surgery.2007;45(4):246-248.
OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of two-stage revision for infected total hip arthroplasty (THA) using antibiotic-loaded cement prosthesis.
METHODSFrom June 1999 to October 2004, 14 patients who admitted for infected primary total hip arthroplasty surgeries were performed revision surgery with antibiotic-loaded cement prosthesis in two-stage. The mean Harris score of pre-operation was 23. In the first stage operation, the following steps were performed, complete debridement, removal of infected prosthesis, implantation of cement spacer with antibiotics, treatment involved concomitant administration of 3 weeks of intravenous (IV) and 1 month of oral. After 6 months, antibiotic-loaded prosthesis was implanted in the second stage.
RESULTSThe mean follow-up was 18 months (7 - 26 months), no recurrent infection occurred in all 14 patients. The mean post-operation Harris score was 70.
CONCLUSIONSThe success of the protocol to control the delayed infection after THA are complete debridement, enough interval and using antibiotic-loaded cement prosthesis in two stage revision.
Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; adverse effects ; Bone Cements ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prosthesis-Related Infections ; diagnosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Reoperation
Chinese Journal of Surgery.2007;45(4):243-245.
OBJECTIVETo observe the normal structure of lumbar plexus in the virtual Chinese Human (VCH) Female I and Male III and establish a digitized visible model of their lumbar plexus.
METHODSThe cross-sectional images from the VCH Female I and Male III dataset were reviewed to study lumbar plexus structures on a section-by-section basis. The nerve roots, major psoas muscle and blood vessels were also observed. Three-dimensional computerized reconstructions of lumbar plexus and its adjacent structures were conducted from these data using Amira 3.1 (TGS) imaging software respectively.
RESULTSThe three-dimensional reconstructed visible models perfectly displayed the anatomic relationships of lumbar plexus structures and their adjacent structures.
CONCLUSIONSVCH Female I and Male III dataset can provide complete and accurate data of main structure of lumbar plexus. The digitized models of lumbar plexus offer unique insights into the complex anatomy, and morphologic data for imaging diagnosis and treatment of the injury of lumbar plexus.
Anatomy, Cross-Sectional ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Lumbosacral Plexus ; anatomy & histology ; Male ; Models, Anatomic ; Visible Human Projects
Chinese Journal of Surgery.2007;45(4):240-242.
OBJECTIVETo evaluate the accuracy and related affecting factors of the intra-operative somatosensory evoked potential monitoring in cervical and thoracic surgery.
METHODSCortical somatosensory evoked potential (CSEP) monitoring and sub cortical somatosensory evoked potential (Sub-CSEP) monitoring were performed in cervical and thoracic surgery. Somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) changes were recorded during anaesthesia and operation and postoperative, which could be used to evaluate accuracy of SEP.
RESULTSBilateral CSEP wave abnormalities were related to anaesthesia, decreasing wave amplitudes did not reach the alarming standard. Intra-operative manipulation to affect spinal cord would influence iso-lateral wave abnormality of CSEP and sub-CSEP, decreasing amplitudes reached the alarming standard. Local hypothermia such as cold water irrigating spinal cord would be to prolong the latent period. Low mean arterial pressure (MAP) mostly influenced amplitudes. Changes of SEP in local hypothermia and MAP did not reach the alarming standard.
CONCLUSIONSCSEP and Sub CSEP can reflex physiopathological condition of spinal cord, it is useful in evaluating spinal cord function and providing the safety for cervical and thoracic surgery.
Adult ; Aged ; Anesthesia ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Female ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; surgery
The early diagnosis and therapy of aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Chinese Journal of Surgery.2007;45(4):233-236.
OBJECTIVETo discuss the early diagnostic methods and therapeutic principles of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy objectively.
METHODSUsing neuro-imaging examinations combined with case history and clinical symptoms to make the early diagnosis of 96 case with aneurysmal SAH, and Guglielmi detachable microcoil (GDC) was utilized for early intracapsular embolization in the ruptured aneurysms. Efficient symptomatic treatment was done early after operation.
RESULTSAll of 96 cases were early diagnosed and successfully embolized; Among them, the aneurysmal lumen was 100% occluded in 83 cases, 95% in 8 cases, 90% in 5 cases. There were 3 cases complicating with aneurysms rupture during operation, 5 cases with cerebral vasospasm. One case was affected by microcoil terminal escape after operation, 3 recurrent cases were all cured with secondary GDC embolization. There were 9 complications associated with embolization techniques and 13 cases (13.5%) occurring permanent sequelae associated with SAH. According to the Glasgow prognosis score, 77 patients got grade I, 7 grade II, 6 grade III, 3 grade IV, and 3 grade V. The mortality rate was 3.1%.
CONCLUSIONSTo make early etiological diagnosis of the SAH patients, using GDC to embolize the aneurysms, and earlier efficient symptomatic treatment are important methods to improve the curative rate and reduce the mortality rate.
Adult ; Aged ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Angiography ; methods ; Early Diagnosis ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome
Clinical study about the management of hemodynamic instability during carotid stenting angioplasty.
Chinese Journal of Surgery.2007;45(4):230-232.
OBJECTIVETo evaluate the validity of different treatment for minimizing the complications caused by hemodynamic changes during stenting angioplasty of carotid stenoses.
METHODSThere was no special measure for 80 of 205 cases during angioplasty. General blood pressure was controlled strictly to normal lower limit for avoiding intracranial reperfusion bleeding and angioplasty was done after elevated heart rate to 80 per minute in the remaining 125 cases.
RESULTSThere were 8.8% complications in 80 cases and no obviously complication occurred in 125 cases controlling hemodynamic changes. Follow-up period from 1 months to 5 years, there was no marked restenosis.
CONCLUSIONRegulating hemodynamic changes should be emphasized for reducing complications and improving the effect of carotid artery stenting.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Carotid Stenosis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Rate ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; Stents
Country
China
Publisher
中华医学会
ElectronicLinks
https://zhwkzz.yiigle.com/Editor-in-chief
cmacjs@cma.org.cn
Abbreviation
Chinese Journal of Surgery
Vernacular Journal Title
中华外科杂志
ISSN
0529-5815
EISSN
Year Approved
2008
Current Indexing Status
Currently Indexed
Start Year
1951
Description
历史沿革【现用刊名：中华外科杂志;曾用刊名：外科学报;创刊时间：1951】，该刊被以下数据库收录【CBST 科学技术文献速报(日)(2009);中国科学引文数据库(CSCD—2008)】，核心期刊【中文核心期刊(2008);中文核心期刊(2004);中文核心期刊(2000);中文核心期刊(1996);中文核心期刊(1992)】，期刊荣誉【百种重点期刊;中科双奖期刊】。
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