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A novel animal model of intra-abdominal adhesion and quantitative evaluation with related indices

Qingshan ZHENG ; Changqing GUI ; Ruiyuan SUN ; Ming WANG

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2000;5(2):101-105.

Aim To set up a novel animal model of intra-abdominal adhesion and to determine whether the tissue plasminogen activator activity (PAA) in exudate can be taken as an indicator to judge the formation of the adhesion. Methods　Rats were randomly divided into 2 groups. Each animal in both groups was opened the abdominal cavity via midline laparotomy without any disinfectant measures. 2-cm section from the cecal end was clamped and ligated, 1-cm cecum of the section was cut, and another 1-cm end from the ligated site was kept. After the content in the end was extruded, the cecum was put back without using any antibacterial agent. Before the skin closure, an effective combination AMD (allantoin, metronidazole and dexamethasone in combination), was given (ip) according to 1.5 ml per 100 g body weight (60.6 mg·kg-1). The control group was injected (ip) the same volume of normal saline. After 6 h, the exudate was extracted from drainage-tube, with the rats varying posture, and after 1 kw, the rats were killed for examining the intra-abdominal adhesion. The values of PAA of exudate in both groups were analyzed by the relative operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results　In the control group, all 20 rats formed the adhesions, the amount of exudate=(1.25±0.09) ml, the number of WBC(×103)=(23.1±6.6) mm3 and PAA=(0.9±0.4) IU·ml-1 in the exudate of abdominal cavity. In AMD group, however, there was not the adhesion formations (0/20), the amount of exuade was (0.52±0.04) ml (P<0.01), the number of WBC (×103) (10.6±4.2) mm3 (P<0.01), and PAA (23.1±6.6) IU·ml-1(P<0.01) in exuade.ROC analysis indicated that if PAA >1.24 IU·ml-1 in the exuade, the adhesion was difficult to form, and vice versa. Conclusion　This animal model can be taken as an effective tool to evaluate the human adhesion related to multi-links on the pathogenesis, and the PAA in exudate an indicator to judge intra-abdominal adhesion formation.

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Protective effects of allopregnanolone against different seizure models in mice

Rong YU ; Minghui YAO

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2000;5(2):97-100.

Aim To examine the protective effects of allopregnanolone against seizure on different animal models.Methods　The protective effects of allopregnanolone against maximal electrical seizure (MES) and picrotoxin-induced seizure were studied in C57 mice 15 minutes after vehicle or drug intraperitoneal administration.Results　In the MES test, we found that pretreatment with the phenobarbital or allopregnanolone produced a dose-dependent protective effect against seizure. The potency (ED50 value) of phenobarbital in the MES test was 2.40 mg·kg-1, with 95% confidence interval range from 1.22 to 4.72 mg·kg-1. The potency (ED50 value) of allopregnanolone in the MES test was 0.086 mg·kg-1, with 95%confidence interval range from 0.037 to 0.201 mg·kg-1, which was significantly higher than that of phenobarbital (P<0.01). The combination study of half ED50 values of phenobarbital and allopregnanolone resulted in a 80% of protective effect in MES test, which was higher than 50% produced by either phenobarbital or allopregnanolone at their ED50 values respectively. This result indicated that there was a synergism between phenobarbital and allopregnanolone in their anticonvulsant activities. In the picrotoxin test, we found that pretreatment with the allopregnanolone also produced a dose-dependent protective effect against picrotoxin-induced seizure. The potency of allopregnanolone in the picrotoxin seizure test was 0.123 mg·kg-1, with 95% confidence interval range from 0.058 to 0.263 mg·kg-1.Conclusion　Allopregnanolone(ip) could protect different seizures in a dose-dependent manner,had a higher potency than phenobarbital,and had synergism with phenobarbital in the MES test.

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Effects of D-galactose on ultrastructure of rats' hypothalamic arcuate nucleus

Hongmei LUO ; Liao CUI

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2002;0(06):-.

AIM: To investigate the effects of D-galactose on ultrastructure of rats' hypothalamic arcuate nucleus.METHODS: 12 rats at age of 6 months were divided into two groups at random,the control and D-galactose group.Rats of control group were treated with saline solution by sc,and rats of D-galactose group were treated with D-galactose by sc at dose of 100(mg?kg~(-1)). Three months later the rats were killed by exsanguinating from heart.After being infused into the left ventricle with 2%-(2.5)% polyformaldehyde at the dose of 50(mg?kg~(-1)),the brains were taken and immerged in(2.5)% polyformaldehyde,then the arcuate nucleus was taken according to the atlas of brain,the tissues taken were made into ultrathin sections to be observed under electron microscope.RESULTS: comparing to rats in control group,neurons of the arcuate nucleus of rats in D-galactose group appeared aging,the number of organelle in plasma decreased,but the number of lipochromesome in plasma increased significantly,and the size of neurons decreased also.Furthermore the apoptosis neuron was observed,the chromosome of which congregated around the nucleus' membrane,the typical aging neuron was also observed,the neuraxon of which was atrophying.But there were no obvious changes observed in neurons of the arcuate nucleus of rats in control group,plenty of organelles were observed under electron microscope clearly.CONCLUSION:D-galactose can cause neurons of rats' arcuate nucleus aging,the neurons appeared atrophying and apoptosis.

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Clinical observation and research of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin Ⅱ antagonist on diabetic renopathy

Xu LUAN

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2002;0(06):-.

(0.05)).There was significant difference in the decrease of the amount of 24-hour urine protein examination before and after the treatment among three groups.Compared with the single drug group,the effects of the combination group was better.CONCLUSION: Using monopril or valsartan solely or the combination of monopril and valsartan can decrease the 24-hour urine protein effectively.The effect of monopril and valsartan are same.However,the effect of the combination group was better than the two single drug groups.

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Significance of coronary collaterals in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Yan LIU ; Shaoliang CHEN ; Zhizhong LIU

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2002;0(06):-.

AIM: To study the relation between development of coronary collaterals and clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS:251 patients with clinical diagnosed ACS were consecutively enrolled into the present study and divided into two groups according to the presence of coronary collaterals by quantitative coronary angiography(QCA).Serial venous blood samples were collected at admission for determining of high-sensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),and cardiac troponin I(cTnI).Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was determined by cardiac echo.RESTULTS: Coronary collaterals were detected in 38 patients(as CC group),another 213 patients without coronary collaterals were served as control group.Serum levels of cTnI in patients in CC group was significantly higher than in control group((0.91)?(1.13) vs(0.29)?(0.23)(ng?ml~(-1)),P(0.05)).Serum levels of cTnI in patiemets of CC group was significantly lower than those of control group((0.29)?(0.23) vs(0.91)?(1.13)(ng?ml~(-1)),P

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Effects of chloride channel blocker on hypoxia induced rat pulmonary hypertension

Biwen MO ; Jinrong ZENG ; Guojian LI ; Wenxin HUANG ; Fang YU ; Jiying WANG ; Changming WANG

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2002;0(06):-.

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of chloride channel blocker tamoxifen on hypoxia pulmonary hypertension in rats.METHODS: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into therapeutic group(H/Q group),hypoxia group(H group),normal control group(C group).Mean pulmonary artery pressure(mPAP),the ratio of the weight of right ventricle to that of left ventricle plus septum[RV(LV+S)],and the ratio of the pulmonary arteriole wall area to that of vascular total area(WA/TA),were measured at 4,7,14,21 days.RESULTS:The mPAP began to increase from 7 days,and reached peak at 21 days in hypoxia group,however it is obviously lower in therapeutic group at same time.The ratio of RV(LV+S) began to increase from 14 days,and reached peak at 21 days in hypoxia group,however it is obviously lower in therapeutic group at same time.The ratio of WA/TA at 21 days in hypoxia group was significantly higher than therapeutic group,respectively(P

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Protective effects of ligustrazine and sodium hyaluronate and contrast study on rabbit's postoperative pericardial adhesion

Lianhe HAN

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2002;0(06):-.

AIM: To evaluate the protective effect on rabbit's postoperative pericardial adhesion of ligustrazine and sodium hyaluronate on adhesions,pathological histology,fibrinogen and white blood cells.METHODS: Rabbits were randomly divided into five groups,24 rabbits were used to make model with pericardial adhesions to four groups.Sodium hyaluronate group was injected with 5 mg sodium hyaluronate to pericardial cave of each rabbit after the operation;ligustrazine group was injected(6.7)(mg?kg~(-1)) ligustrazine to vein after the operation,qd,7 d enough;equal quantity of normal saline was injected in model group and sham operation group.The rabbits were sacrificed 20 days later.Adhesions tissues and pathological morphous were observed and analysis were done,FIB and WBC were tested at 7 d time point.RESULTS: Pericardial adhesions and fiber hyperplasia were significant in model group.Compared with sham group,the concentration of FIB and the amount of WBC were obviously increasing(P(0.05)).CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that sodium hyaluronate and ligustrazine can effectively prevent postoperative pericardial adhesion.The protective effect is,to some degree,related to the inhibition of FIB and WBC.

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Construction of eukaryotic expression vector expressing double shRNA sections targeting Survivin gene in Bx-PC3 cells

He HUANG ; Pei WU ; Shujian HONG ; Jiading MAO ; Jing RUI

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2002;0(06):-.

AIM:To construct eukaryotic expression vector expressing double shRNA sections targeting Survivin gene.METHODS: Eukaryotic expression vector expressing double shRNA sections targeting Survivin gene were designed and chemically synthesized.They were directionally inserted into plasmid pGenesil-1 with respectively U6 promoter and termination code,the common green fluorescence protein(EGFP) gene and Neo gene. In this way,the vector of pGenesil-1 shRNA containing 2 sections of Survivin shRNA were constructed and they were transfected into the pancreatic cancer cell Bx-PC3.Transfection was detected by fluorescence microscope.The inhibition expression of Survivin mRNA was measured by RT-PCR.RESULTS: HE1 and HE2 plasmids were identified by the biocatalyst cut which confirmed the exactitude and were analyzed by the sequence analysis which verified the perfect clone plasmid inserted by them.CONCLUSION: A eukaryotic expression vector of double short hairpin RNA for Survivin gene is successfully constructed.The pancreatic cancer cells Bx-PC3 succeed to be transfected and expression of Survivin mRNA is inhibited obviously.

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Effect of levcromakalim on ET-1 induced proliferation and expression of protein kinase C in vascular smooth muscle cells

Wenxin HUANG ; Biwen MO ; Yaozhong YANG ; Chunsheng FANG ; Zhonghua XIA ; Dihua PAN ; Tongtong XU ; Xinling MO

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2002;0(06):-.

AIM:To observe the effect of levcromakalim(Lev) on endthelin-1(ET-1) induced proliferation and the expression of protein kinase C(PKC) in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs).METHODS: VSMCs were isolated from rat aorta and were cultured with different concentrations of Lev in vitro after stimulated to proliferation by ET-1(10~(-8)(mol?L~(-1))).Vitality of VSMCs was detected by MTT;DNA replication was evaluated by 3H-TdR method.Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle and apoptosis.The expression of PKC? protein and mRNA were determined by Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).RESULTS:Vitality of VSMCs and 3H-TdR intermingle rate were decreased(P

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Effect of sodium-calcium exchanger and its inhibitors on arrhythmia

Lei SHEN ; Yulin WU

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2002;0(06):-.

In cardiomyocytes,sodium-calcium exchanger(NCX) is regarded to play an important role in the regulation of intracellular Ca~(2+) concentration.During the cardiac ischemia/reperfusion or cardenolide intoxication,the inflow Ca~(2+) through NCX reverse mode induce calcium overload and arrhythmia.Recently,the benzyloxyphenyl derivatives have been developed as selective NCX inhibitors,which may have therapeutic potential as a new remedy for arrhythmias.

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