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Polysaccharide of spirulina on the prophylaxis and treatment of myelosup pression of mice caused by cyciophosphamide

Dejung WANG ; Shuqing SHENG ; Ruiqing LI ; Yun SUN ; Hongquan ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2001;6(1):46-48.

Aim The effect of polysaccharide of spirulina on mouse myelosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide was studied. Methods Mice in the model, treatment groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were given cyclophosphamide(ip 100 mg · kg- 1) for there days. At the same time mice in the treatment groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were given ig spirulin 30 mg · kg-1 and 60 mg · kg-1 for ten days, while mice in the control group and model group were given ip 20 mg · kg-1 of NS. Peripheral blood and marrow cytometry, micromcelsus and chromosome aberration were analyed. Results In the dosages of 30 and 60 mg · kg-1 polysaccharide of spirulina, the polysaccharide of spirulina had perfect action on the perihemateikon and the function of bone hematoplast induced by cyclophosphamide(P ＜0.01) and antagonistic action on increase of bone cell micronuclsus(P＜0.05); The ratio of chromosome aberration in the treated group was lower compared with that in the model group. The inhibitory ratio was 51.2% and 62.5% in the treated groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ .Conclusion Polysaccharide of spirulina can perfect the hematoplast function of mice injured by cyclophosphamide.

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Pathological observation of adriamycin nephropathy in rats

Tao XU ; Lei LV ; Chen QIAN ; Yingxin WANG

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2001;6(1):43-45.

AimTo establish the model of adriamycin- induced nephritic syndrome in rats and its pathological change wasobserved. MethodsThe model of nephritic syndrome in rats was established by intravenous injection of adriamycin in the dose of 5mg · kg-1 and 3 mg · kg-1 respectively at the first day and 15 th day. The amount of urine protein was measured at the 1、2、3、4、6、8 and 12 th week and the serum biochemical pa rameters of TG, TCH, BUN, Cr, TP and ALB were detected at the 6 th and 12 th week. Results The urine protein and the serum biochemic parameters were increased significantly, except the TP and ALB, which were decreased. Pathological changes at the sixth week was similar to minimal changes in glomerulonephritis, and at the 12 th week, sclerosis of glomeruli of kidney could be found. ConclusionAfter first injection,the changes of kidney were like those inminimal change glomerulonephritis of human being. But after the second injection. The kidney had the changes of focal segmental glomeralosclerosis.

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Experimental study of the Chinese herbs of Li Qi Huo Xue on preventing and treating the vascular endothelial cells injury in ratsl

Jianhong ZHAO ; Lin LIN ; Hui CAO ; Jifa GAO ; Fanhe ZHU

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2001;6(1):41-43.

AimTo establish a model of the injury of the vascular endothelial cell(VEC) in rats and observe the function of Chinese herbs of Li Qi Huo Xue(LQHX) will prevent and treat the VEC injury. Methods30 SD rats weredivided into the control, the model and LQHX groups. The model of the VEC injury was established. It tried to demonstrate the effect of LQHX for the coagula tion and fibrinolysis function of the VEC by the C EC count,t-PA, PAI activity, 6-keto-PGF1αcontent and PAgTmax. Results In LQHX group as compared with those of the medol group, The CEC count was redued obviously(P＜0.01). t-PA activity was increased(P＜0.01), so did the percentage of active t-PA(P＜0.01), but PAI activity decreased (P＜0.05), 6-keto-PGF1α content increased (P＜0.01)α the PAgTmax decreasd (P ＜0.01) Conclution LQHX can enhance the anticoagulation and fibrinolysis activities. It is a more effective measure for the VEC protection.

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Effects of glipizide and metformin on serum insulin-like growth factor-1, 2 in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus

Jianhao PEI ; Huazhang YANG ; Jian KUANG ; Xiaozhen LIAO ; Chong CHENG ; Hongmei CHENG ; Zhongwen LI ; Yantang CUI

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2001;6(1):38-40.

AimTo study the effects of glipizide and met formin on the serum IGF-1,IGF-2 in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus; Methods The effect of glipizide(n ＝ 40) and metformin(n ＝ 25) on serum IGF-1, IGF-2 in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus were compared with self- controlled study. Results In metformin-treated patients ,there were not significantly changes in fasting IGF-1 and IGF-2 concentrations, In glipizide-treated patients, there were markedly increased IGF-1 concentrations(181.8+ 104.5) vs (209.0+ 88.2) ng· ml-1(P＜0.05) while serum IGF-2 was not change. There was a significant reduction of blood glucose in two groups at the end of treatment(both P＜0.01), but C-peptide level was markedly increased(P＜0.05) only in glipizide-treatedpatients.Conclusion The changes of IGF-1 is markedly different between metformin-treated and glipizide-treated patients with type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus.

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Effect of herbal tongxinluo on thrombus formation and neointimal hyperplasia of the balloon injured rabbit peripheral arteries

Jun HUANG ; Chunjian LI ; Guoping YANG ; Meiling YU

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2001;6(1):35-37.

AimThe effect of herbal tongxinluo on the thrombus formation and neointimal hyperplasia of the balloon injured rabbit abdominal aorta and iliac artery was observed. Methods36 New zealand rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups: tongxinluo group(16 rabbits); aspirin group(11 rabbits) and control group(9 rabbits). The rabbits were treated with herb tongxinluo 0.38g·kg-1 · d-1, aspirin 50mg·kg-1 · d -1 and 0.09% natrium chloride 10 ml · d-1 alternatively. The arterial injury model was made 1 week after taking the medicine and the injured segments were taken at 24 hours,1 week or 1 month after the procedure, then the samples were stained by hematoxylin and eosin. The thrombus formation and the neointimal hyperplasia of the injured arteries were observed under microscope. Results The arterial neointimal hyperplasia was seen in both abdominal aorta and iliac artery 24 hours and 7 days after the balloon injury in each group,which led to stenosis in 5%～40% of the arterial lumen, the neointimal hyperplasia was much more significant in 2 rabbits 1 month after the balloon injury. The ratio of the arteries with thrombosis in aspirin group was less than that in the other 2 groups, but the difference was not significant. The ratio of neointimal hyperplasia in tongxinluo group was significantly less than that in aspirin and control groups. Conclusion The balloon injured rabbit abdominal aorta and iliac artery appeare to be an ideal model in researching restenosis after percutaneous transluminar coronary angioplasty(PTCA) . Herbal Tongxinluo significantly inhibit the neointimal hyperplasia of the balloon injured rabbit peripheral arteries, which indicate that herbal Tongxinluo might be a promising medicine in preventing restenosis.

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Effects of aspirin and verapamil alone or in combination on mesenteric microcirculation of rats

Yimin SONG ; Xuekun LI ; Janmin TAN ; Zengxi LI ; Shan SHI

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2001;6(1):31-34.

AimTo study the effects of aspirin (Asp) and verapamil(Ver)alone or in combination on mesenteric microcirculation of rats. MethodsAcute microcirculation disturbance(AMD) was produced by highmolecular weight dextran(Mr 480, 000) 360 mg· kg-1 iv. Arteriol and venul blood flow velocity and diameter (ABFV, VBFV, AD, VD) and blood flow state(BFS) were observed by intravital microcirculation method. Results Asp 2.5, 5 mg · kg-i, Ver 0.3, 0.6 mg · kg-1,Asp+ Ver(1 + 0.15), (2. 5+ 0. 3) mg· kg-1 iv significant increase ABFV by 11.1%, 31.3%, 18.7%,19.5%, 26.5%, 37.3%, VBFV by 12.5%, 5.7%, 2.5%, 3.7%, 30%, 34.7%,AD by 4.3%, 17.9%, 31.5%, 35%, 20%, 38.1% and VDby 2.2%,4.2%, 25%, 31.5%,5.8%,23.5%espectively, and got a raise in the number of capillaries and a marked improvement of BFS. Asp + Ver(1+0.15, 2.5+0.3) mg · kg-1 iv could reverse AMD. Conclusion Asp is superior to Ver in the increase of BFV, but Ver is superior to Asp in expansion of blood vessel. Asp in combination with Ver produces marked synergistic action and protection againist AMD.

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Experimental study of protective effect of local infiltration of methylprednisolone on injured spinal nerve root

Weiguo ZHANG ; Zhe DU

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2001;6(1):28-30.

AimTo observe the effect of infiltration of Methylprednisolone on injured spinal nerve root and the protective function of Methylprednisolone to non-impressed spinal nerve root lesion. Methods The spinal nerve roots were injured in 20 rabbits. Three days later local Methylprednisolone infiltration of spinal nerve root profromed in rabbits in experiment group, while rabbits in the control roup received equal amount of 0.9% natriichloridi instead. The conduct velocity of spinal nerve root was measured one week after operation. The histological change of spinal nerve root and immunohistochemical stain of posterior horn of spine were observed by microscope. Results The conduct velocity was recovered obviously in experiment group. In observation of spinal nerve we found the edema and hyperaemia of matrix were impaired obviously, the lesion focus was minimized, the amount of inflammatory cells was decreased. The area of substance P positive fiber and its terminus in posterior of spinal was smaller in experiment group remarkably than in control group. ConclusionsThe local infiltration of Methylprednisolone can relieve inflammation, inhibit the transmission of pain and accelerate recovery of spinal nerve root.

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Protective effect of extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves on apoptosis in neuronal cells

Yan ZHANG ; Liang MING ; Jingpei LI ; Weiping LI ; Ming FANG

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2001;6(1):25-27.

AimTo study the effect of extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves(GbE) on apoptosis in neuronal cells. Methods Primary cerebral cultures from rat fetus were used to observe the activity of neuronal cells and to determine the release of LDH and DNA gel electrophoresis. Results Gb E enhanced the activity of neuronal cells, decresed the release of LDH,and relieved the structural changes of nucleus and DNA fragmentation. Conclusion GbE can inhibit apoptosis in neuronal cells.

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Anti-inflammatory effect of astragalosides and its mechanisms of action

Qin YANG ; Jingtao LU ; Bin WANG ; Aiwu ZHOU ; Minzhu CHEN

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2001;6(1):21-24.

AimTo study the anti-inflammatory effect of astragalosides(AST) and its mechanisms of action. Methods The exudate volume, neutrophil count and protein content in exudate were measuredinthe carrageenan-induced air pounch model in rats. The content of PGE2 was assayed by radioimmunoassay,the activity of PLA2 by microacid titration assay, IL-8 by ELISA, and NO by nitrate reductase assay. The production of O2 in neutrophil was determined by cytochrome C assay. Results AST(40, 80 mg· kg -1) could markedly reduce the exudate volume, neutrophil count, protein content, the content of IL-8, and the production of O2.AST lowered PLA2 activity of neutrophil and accellular component in exudate, and it also decreased the contents of PGE2 and NO in exudate. Conclusion AST has an obvious anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced acute inflammation.Its mechanisms may be related to the inhibition of vascular permeability and leukocyte migration, as well as to the suppression of PLA2 activity and the reduction of IL-8, PGE2, NO and O2 production.

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Effects of the total extract of astragalosides on the growth, AFP secretion and γ-GT activity of human hepatoma cells

Yan YANG ; Shaogang SONG ; Minzhu CHEN

Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2001;6(1):18-20.

AimTo study the effect of the total extract of astragalosides(TEA) on the growth, AFP secretion and γ-GT activity of human hepatoma cells invitro.Methods The human hepatoma HepG2 and Bel-7404 cells were cultured with TEA 5～160 mg · L-1 for 6 days. Anti-hepatoma activity was measured by MTT method. AFP was assaysed by ELISA and γ-GT was determined by enzyme-substrate method. Results The growth of the human hepatoma HepG2 and Bel-7404 cells and the secretion of AFP of HepG2 cells were reduced significantly by TEA 5～160 mg· L-1. The γ-GT activity of HepG2 cells was inhibited and its ALB content was increased by TEA 20, 40 and 80 mg · L-1. The γ-GT activity of Bel-7404 cell was inhibited and its ALB content was increased byTEA 40 and 80 mg · L-1 Conclusion These results suggest that TEA has inhibitory effects on the growth, AFP secretion and γ-GT activity of human hepatoma cells.

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