A patient with defective dentition in the upper jaw was placed with implant in left upper jaw. Telescopic overdenture was fabricated and supported by the implant and canine tooth in right upper jaw. The patient felt very comfortable, and this type of restoration could provide sufficient stability and maintain tooth and peri-implant tissues healthy. The preliminary clincal results of this restoration show that isolated canine tooth and single implant supported telescopic overdenture are feasible.
Cuspid ; Dental Implants ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Dentition ; Denture, Overlay ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Tooth

Acute pulmonary embolism after surgery of multiple maxillofacial fractures is rare. This paper reported a case of multiple maxillofacial fractures who experienced acute pulmonary embolism after operation and died.
Humans ; Male ; Pulmonary Embolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the shear bond strength between veneering ceramic and zirconia core in different all-ceramic systems.

METHODSTwenty disk-shaped specimens with 8 mm in diameter and 3 mm in height for each zirconia system (Lava, Cercon, IPS e.max ZirCAD, Procera) were fabricated respectively and divided into four groups: Lava group, Cercon group, IPS e.max ZirCAD group, Procera group. For each group, 10 specimens were sintered with 1 mm corresponding veneering ceramic, while the other were sintered with 2 mm corresponding veneering ceramic respectively. The shear bond strength and fracture mode of specimens were observed and determined.

RESULTSThe values of shear bond strength for Lava, Cercon, IPS e.max ZirCAD and Procera were (13.82 +/- 3.71), (13.24 +/- 2.09), (6.37 +/- 4.15), (5.19 +/- 5.31) MPa in the group of 1 mm thicked veneering ceramics, respectively, while the values in the group of 2mm thicked veneering ceramics were (38.77 +/- 1.69), (21.67 +/- 3.34), (12.70 +/- 4.24), (9.94 +/- 6.67) MPa. The values of Lava and Cercon groups were significantly higher than that of IPS e.max ZirCAD and Procera groups (P < 0.05). And the values of 2 mm thicked veneering ceramic group were significantly higher than that in 1 mm thicked groups (P < 0.05). Adhesive fracture between core and veneering ceramics were observed in the fracture modes of most specimens.

CONCLUSIONThe shear bond strength of veneering ceramic to the zirconia framework are different from the zirconia system we chose, and the thickness of veneering ceramic has a great impact on its shear bond strength.

Ceramics ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Porcelain ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Dental Veneers ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Materials Testing ; Metal Ceramic Alloys ; Shear Strength ; Surface Properties ; Titanium ; Zirconium

OBJECTIVETo observe changes in tongue and hyoid position, and pharyngeal airway in patients with skeletal class III malocclusion after the combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment.

METHODSTwenty patients were involved in this study. Cone beam CT (CBCT) was performed on patients one week before and six months after treatment. Raw data were reconstructed into three-dimensional model. To set up a three-dimensional reference frame, which was based by point "S", the sagittal and transversal measurements, cross sectional areas, partial and total volumes were computed. The three-dimensional position changes of chin, hyoid bone and tongue were measured in order to analyze the amount of mandibular setback relationship with the changes of pharyngeal airway, hyoid bone and tongue positions.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the pharyngeal airway was constricted significantly. The hyoid significantly moved inferoposteriorly by 5.72 mm (backward) and 2.76 mm (downward) and the tongue moved posteriorly by 4.04 mm after surgery (P < 0.05). Among the 19 correlated indexes between the amount of mandibular setback and other measurements, 14 of which were significantly correlated (P < 0.05). The strongest correlation was found between the amount of mandibular setback and total volumes of pharyngeal airway (r = 0.834, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONFollowing combination therapy, the pharyngeal airway space decreased, the hyoid moved inferoposteriorly and tongue moved posteriorly. There were great correlations between the amount of mandibular setback and the changes.

Adult ; Cephalometry ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III ; Mandible ; Pharynx ; Prognathism ; Tongue

OBJECTIVEExperimental study on the survival rate of random flap using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC).

METHODSMSC was isolated through the combined utilization of density gradient centrifugation and adherence screening methods. MSC was cultured and its purity and biological properties were identified. Forty Wistar rat models were established and divided into control group, VEGF group, MSC group and MSC+VEGF group. Designed 2 cm x 5 cm pedicle flap on each rat's back. The flaps were observed for 14 d after operation. On the 14th day, the rats were killed. The survival rates of random flap in each group were counted, and the histological sections were stained at the flap which was 4 cm far from the pedicle, and the number of microvascular was observed.

RESULTS1) MSC was detected by flow cytometry, adipogenic and osteogenic induction detection. The results showed that MSC could differentiate to fat and cartilage by induction and certified that the MSC had multi-differentiation potential. 2) Immune rejection did not appear on each animal. The survival rate of random flap in control group, VEGF group, MSC group and MSC+VEGF group were 55.4% +/- 4.4%, 70.7% +/- 6.3%, 65.1% +/- 7.1%, and 93.4% +/- 9.4%, respectively. The survival rate of each experimental group was higher than control group (P < 0.05). The survival rate of MSC+VEGF group was the highest (P < 0.05). 3) The histological examination showed that the granulation tissue, fibroblast and neovascularity was most abundant in MSC+VEGF group.

CONCLUSION1)The purified and multi-differentiated MSC can be obtained by density gradient centrifugation and adherence screening methods. 2) The human MSC has no immunogens or minimal immunogenicity, immunological would not be caused when it is transmitted in cross-species. 3) VEGF and MSC have synergetic effect when they are used together, it can rebuild the blood circulation of the ischemic region in a short time, solve ischemia of the flap far from the pedicle, improve survival rate of the flap and enhance the repair quality of the wound.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Surgical Flaps ; Survival Rate ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

OBJECTIVETo compare the releasing of growth factors between platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as well as their effects on the proliferation and differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro.

METHODSBlood was taken from central artery of rabbits, acquiring PRF was acquired through one time centrifuge and PRP through two times centrifuge. Five milliliters of fresh alpha-MEM was added to PRF and PRP and incubated at 37 degrees C. The time points to collect exudates was in day 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and the mass concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and platelet derived growth factor-AB(PDGF-AB) were quantified in PRF and PRP. Then the exudates of PRF and PRP were used to culture ADSCs and evaluate the effects of PRF and PRP on proliferation and differentiation of ADSCs.

RESULTS1) Growth factor release: In the PRF exudates at different time points, the mass concentration of TGF-beta1 was the highest at day 14 and the highest mass concentration of PDGF-AB at day 7, the mass concentration of both TGF-beta1 and PDGF-AB was the highest at the first day and then gradually declined. 2)The effect on proliferation and differentiation: PRF exudates of day 14 expressed the maximum proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. PRF exudates of day 1 demonstrat the maximum proliferation and ALP activity.

CONCLUSIONComparing to PRP, PRF releases growth factors gradually and expressed stronger and more durable effect on proliferation and differentiation of ADSCs in vitro.

Adipose Tissue ; Blood Platelets ; Cell Differentiation ; Fibrin ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Organic Chemicals ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Stem Cells ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

OBJECTIVEIn order to find out the cause of molar intrusion and how to avoid molar intrusion, we analyze the movement tendency of tooth by changing the angles of upper accentuated-curve and the height of free traction hook.

METHODSSpiral CT scanning and Mimics 10.0 software were employed in this study to construct the three dimensional finite element model of maxillary teeth, periodontal ligaments and alveolar bone as well as the inch stainless steel upper accentuated-curve archwires with different angles (5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees) and the free traction hook with different height (2.1, 4.0, 5.5 mm). By exerting 1.5 N backward force to analysis the displacement trend of maxillary tooth.

RESULTSUpper accentuated-curve archwires made the incisors labially tip, intruse, distally upright and mesilabially torsion; made the canines labially tip, prolong, mesial-tipped and mesi-labially torsion; made the second premolars and the first molars buccal tip, intruse, distal upright and mesi-labially torsion. With the angle of upper accentuated-curve archwires increased, all tooth movement tendency increased; while with the height of free traction hook increased, all tooth movement tendency decreased.

CONCLUSIONWhen the angle of upper accentuated-curve archwires increased, the extent of molar intrusion increased, but when the height of free traction hook increased, the degree of molar intrusion decreased. The degree of molar intrusion was minimum using 5 degrees upper accentuated-curve archwires cooperated with 5.5 mm free traction hook.

Bicuspid ; Bone Screws ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Incisor ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Periodontal Ligament ; Tooth ; Tooth Movement Techniques

OBJECTIVETo assess the diagnostic value of high-resolution ultrasonography for detecting of anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWR) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

METHODSThirty-five participants with 40 TMJs which were initially diagnosed as ADDWR were included. All the participants got both high-resolution ultrasonography and MRI examination. The results of MRI in diagnosis of ADDWR were considered as gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predict value, negative predict value, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were calculated.

RESULTSIn 40 TMJs, MRI revealed that there were 23 TMJs with ADDWR, and 17 disease-free. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predict value, negative predict value, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio of high-resolution ultrasonography were 82.6%, 94.1%, 92.5%, 0.95, 0.80, 14.04, 0.19, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe high-resolution ultrasonography has a relatively high diagnostic value in detecting ADDWR of TMJ.

Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) Glu298Asp gene polymorphism and chronic periodontitis (CP) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODSDNA from patients' buccal swabs of CP, CP with T2DM, T2DM and health was isolated and extracted. The eNOS Glu298Asp gene polymorphism were assessed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) respectively.

RESULTSThe distribution of eNOS Glu298Asp genotype in CP group, T2DM group, CP with T2DM group and health group showed statistical differences (chi2 = 18.503, P = 0.005), and the gene frequency showed statistical differences (chi2 = 8.243, P = 0.041). Compared health group to CP with T2DM group, OR value of the genetype T was 0.962, 95% confidence interval lay in between 0.737 to 1.256, which showed T maybe a protective factor. While OR value of the genetype G was 1.043, 95% confidence interval lay in between 0.781 to 1.391, which showed G maybe a risk factor. However, neither T nor G was statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONBased on these findings, there are some association between eNOS Glu298Asp polymorphism and the risk of CP group, T2DM group, CP with T2DM group.

Chronic Periodontitis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo obtain an evidence-based treatment for an adolescent patient with temporomandibular osteoarthritis.

METHODSThe detailed history of an adolescent patient with temporomandibular osteoarthritis was analysed. Clinical Evidence (to Dec 2010), National Guideline Clearinghouse (2000-Dec 2010), Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2010), MEDLINE(OVID, 1950-Dec 2010) and China Biology Medicine Database (1978-Dec 2010) were searched to obtain evidence such as clinical guidelines, systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials related to surgery or conservative treatment to temporomandibular osteoarthritis to find a personal treatment strategy for the patient.

RESULTSFive articles were finally included, i.e. 1 clinical guideline, 3 systematic reviews and 1 randomized controlled trials. These evidence showed that: Conservative treatment like intra-articular injection instead of surgery should be adopted for adolescent patient; hyaluronate is the drug with sufficient evidence in supporting its use in treating temporomandibular disorders; inferior temporomandibular joint cavity injection or both upper and lower cavity injection has better effect than that of superior cavity injection only; and there was some evidence to support the use of glucosamine to treat temporomandibular disorders. Considering the situation of the case and the clinical evidence, an individual treatment plan of hyaluronate injection into the upper and lower cavity and glucosamine take orally was established. A long-term follow-up of 6 months showed a good treatment outcome.

CONCLUSIONThrough the evidence-based methods and the use of clinical evidence, an individual treatment plan could be established for each patient with temporomandibular disorders, and this will provide strong supporting to the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Up to now, it is clear that hyaluronate injection into the upper and lower cavity with glucosamine administration is effective in treating temporomandibular osteoarthritis.

China ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Injections, Intra-Articular ; Osteoarthritis ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; Treatment Outcome