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Application of green fluorescence protein in the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in food.

Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine.2004;38(3):196-199.

OBJECTIVETo introduce green fluorescence protein (GFP) into E. coli O157:H7 and improve the detection methods for this bacteria, and to study the kinetics of E. coli O157:H7.

METHODSThe plasmid pGFP was transferred into E. coli O157:H7. The characteristic of the new built O157:H7-pGFP strain was evaluated. Some food samples were inoculated with the recombinant strain under certain temperature to imitate different storage circumstances. The contaminated E. coli O157:H7 were counted after certain time.

RESULTSThe pGFP was stable in E. coli O157:H7. The E. coli O157:H7-pGFP inoculated in ground poultry meat and pasteurized milk were enriched to 35 000 approximately 200 000 times in 12 h under higher storage temperature (37 degrees C), whereas the quantity decreased slowly under lower temperature (4 degrees C).

CONCLUSIONThe recombinant strain with the characters of ampicillin resistance and green fluorescence under UV 365 nm was a useful tool in detection methods improvement and bacteria survival studies.

Colony Count, Microbial ; Escherichia coli O157 ; isolation & purification ; Food Contamination ; Food Handling ; methods ; Food Microbiology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Meat Products ; microbiology

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Construction of a novel Schistosoma japonicum DNA vaccine pBK-Sj14-3-3 and studies on its immunoprotection in mice.

De-fa LI ; Yue-sheng CHEN ; Ying ZU ; Ji-long SHEN

Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine.2004;38(3):193-195.

OBJECTIVETo prepare Sj14-3-3 DNA vaccine and observe its immunoprotection against Schistosoma japonicum in mice.

METHODSThe Sj14-3-3 gene was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and subcloned into eukaryotic expression vector pBK. The recombinant plasmid pBK-Sj14-3-3 was extracted, purified and inoculated into BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection. Mice were attacked by Schistosoma japonicum cercariae and then killed. Adult worm and egg were counted, respectively. Diameter of the egg granulomas in the liver of infected mice was measured.

RESULTSElectrophoresis on 1% agarose gel showed that the product of RT-PCR and the inserted fragment of recombinant plasmid digested with EcoR I and Xho I had the same size, about 765 bp, confirming the latter was the 14-3-3 encoding gene by nucleotide sequencing. Adult worm load declined by 27%, average egg load of per gram (EPG) of the liver tissues by 79%, average egg production per couple of adult worm (EPWP) by 51%, and mean diameter of egg granulomas by 29% in vaccinated mice.

CONCLUSIONThe recombinant plasmid pBK-Sj14-3-3 was successfully constructed, which had some immunoprotection against Schistosoma japonicum in infected mice, indicating its potential to be vaccine candidate molecule of Schistosoma japonicum.

14-3-3 Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Helminth ; blood ; Antigens, Helminth ; genetics ; immunology ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Helminth ; genetics ; Female ; Helminth Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Parasite Egg Count ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Schistosoma japonicum ; genetics ; immunology ; Schistosomiasis japonica ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Vaccines, DNA ; immunology

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Effect of static magnetic field on development toxicity of rat embryonic midbrain neurons cells.

Li-rong DUAN ; Quan-yi WU ; Fang-ping LIU

Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine.2004;38(3):190-192.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of static magnetic field (SMF) on the differentiation and proliferation of rat embryonic midbrain neurons cells.

METHODSThe micromass culture of rat embryonic midbrain neurons cell was applied to study the effect of varieties of SMF (1.0, 10.0, 50.0, 100.0, 200.0 mT) and FACS.

RESULTSSMF inhibited the differentiation of the cell without affecting cell proliferation. The concentration of 50% inhibition of cell differentiation (ICD(50)) was 25 mT. The concentration of 50% inhibition of cell differentiation (IVD(50)) was 45 mT.

CONCLUSIONSThe inhibition of SMF on embryonic midbrain neurons cells may be associated with impact of protein syntheses, and lipid peroxidation.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; radiation effects ; Cell Division ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Female ; Lipid Peroxidation ; radiation effects ; Mesencephalon ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Neurons ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Protein Biosynthesis ; radiation effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

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Effect of niacin on nitric oxide synthase expression in rat lung exposed to silica.

Hai-ke DU ; Shi-xin WANG ; Yan LIU ; Shi-wu ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine.2004;38(3):186-189.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of niacin supplemented in diet on temporal expression of nitric oxide synthase in rat lung exposed to silica by tissue array technology.

METHODSWistar rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups: saline-treated group, silica-treated group, niacin-treated group. There are 48 animals in each group. Animal models were established by direct tracheal instillation of silica into the rat lungs. Plasma level of niacin was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of iNOS protein in the paraffin-embedded lung sections was measured with streptavidin/peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray and quantified by Image-Pro Plus.

RESULTSPlasma level of niacin in niacin-treated group were significantly elevated by 5.946 4, 17.422 0, 21.398 0, 16.091 0, 4.414 3 and 7.130 5 mg/L at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after instillation of silica, as compared to control and silica-treated groups. Seven days after instillation of silica, iNOS integrated optical density (IOD) of the lung, total NOS and iNOS activities in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) supernatant in silica-treated group significantly elevated by 273 421, 2.61 kU/L and 1.89 kU/L, respectively, in the saline-treated group, with statistical significance. Niacin treatment could significantly decrease silica-elevated iNOS integrated optical density (IOD) of the lung, total NOS and iNOS activities in BALF supernatant by 248.292, 1.50 kU/L and 0.91 kU/L in the silica-treated group, respectively, with statistical significance.

CONCLUSIONSIt is suggested that treatment with niacin could effectively attenuate the over expression of nitric oxide synthase in the rat lung induced by silica particles in our study.

Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; Female ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Niacin ; pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; analysis ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Silicon Dioxide ; toxicity

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The effects of pregnancy malnutrition on the development of insulin resistance in rat offspring.

Ting-ting HUANG ; Xiao-shan QIU ; Zhen-yu SHEN ; Zhi-yong KE ; Feng LAI

Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine.2004;38(3):182-185.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of pregnancy malnutrition on the occurrence of insulin resistance (IR) in rat offspring during adult stage and to find out the relationship between TNF-alpha and IR; and to find out a reasonable early nutritional intervention measure for the prevention of IR, through giving different diets to offspring.

METHODSAn IUGR model was built by maternal nutrition restriction. 80 newborn IUGR female pups were randomly divided into 4 groups, the mother rats were given the following diet respectively for 3 weeks after delivery, pups were fed by mother milk: (1) The IUGR (intrauterine growth retardation) rat model was used and the animals were divided into: IUGR control group (group S/N) fed with normal diet, (2) IUGR high-caloric diet group (group A), (3) IUGR high-protein and high-caloric diet group (group B) and (4) IUGR high-protein isocaloric diet group (group C). Each group had 20 pups and another 20 normal female pups were fed with normal diet as the normal control group (group C/N). All pups were weaned at the 4th week of age and fed with normal diet till the end of the experiment. At the 12th week (adulthood) and 48th week (senility) of life, body weight and length, the fasting blood glucose, insulin concentration, TNF-alpha of adipose tissue and body weight were measured. Body mass index (BMI), ISI (insulin sensitive index), IRI (insulin resistant index) and HBCI (beta cell insulin excretion index) and their correlation to TNF-alpha were calculated.

RESULTSAt 12th week and 48th week of life, the insulin sensitivity of IUGR model group was significantly lower than group C/N, although there was no significant difference of body weight between these two groups. TNF-alpha was negatively correlated with ISI, positively correlated with IRI and no relation to HBCI. Group A and B was fatter and developed more severe IR. There were no significant differences in ISI, IRI, HBCI and TNF-alpha between group C and group C/N.

CONCLUSIONSIUGR offspring of pregnancy malnutrition mother rats showed IR at the age of 12th week. TNF-alpha was closely related to the occurrence of IR in IUGR pups. IUGR pups fed with high caloric diet or high protein and caloric diet at the early postnatal period amplified the metabolic abnormality. The high protein isocaloric diet is effective early nutritional intervention measure for the prevention of occurrence of IR at adulthood.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; growth & development ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Dietary Proteins ; pharmacology ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; blood ; etiology ; Insulin Resistance ; physiology ; Malnutrition ; physiopathology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

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A cross-sectional study on the changes in dietary behavior stages in resident.

Liang-wen XU ; Hai-yan MA ; Ting-zhong YANG ; Ting-jie LIU

Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine.2004;38(3):179-181.

OBJECTIVETo explore the possibility of applying the concept of various stages of dietary behavior changes in Hangzhou residents.

METHODSThe dietary behavior was surveyed and analyzed in 1 388 Hangzhou residents with 18 year-old and older using the various dietary behavior change model model and stages of change.

RESULTSThe proportion of Hangzhou residents with unhealthy dietary behavior was high and associated with gender and education level. The changes of dietary behavior could be divided into 5 stages, i.e. preintention, intention, preparation, action and maintenance. These stages of change happen consecutively. The changes of unhealthy dietary behavior do not match the improvement of health knowledge. Although a significant proportion of the residents understand that it is unhealthy to eat too much fat, pickles and high salt food, there are only a few of them really take action to reduce the consumption of these foods and to consume more milk, fruit and vegetable.

CONCLUSIONSThere are multiple factors that affect the changes of dietary behavior in people. The changes of dietary behavior occur in various consecutive stages. Different intervention measures should be applied to people in different dietary behavior changes.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet Surveys ; Feeding Behavior ; psychology ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Population Surveillance ; Risk Reduction Behavior

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A study on occupational stress in commercial workers of a supermarket in Yinchuan.

Hui SONG ; Ling-qin ZHU ; He-rong LIU ; Ling WANG ; Zhen-xiang ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine.2004;38(3):175-178.

OBJECTIVETo study difference in occupational stress between men and women commercial workers in a supermarket in Yinchuan, Ningxia.

METHODSTotally, 679 commercial workers in a supermarket were investigated with questionnaire of occupational stress indicator (OSI), matched on age, length of service, educational level, marital status and type of work.

RESULTSScore of occupational stress factors, relationships, home/work balance and organizational atmosphere in women commercial workers was 143.48, 30.86, 20.82 and 15.16, respectively, obviously higher than that in men, with 134.89, 28.61, 18.75 and 13.93, respectively. Score of psychological health and satisfaction in women was 39.86 and 14.82, respectively, lower than that in men, with 43.84 and 17.66, respectively, which indicate that occupational stress in women was more severe with a more stressful psychological reaction than in men. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the main predicting factor for job satisfaction was personal relationships in women, and organizational atmosphere, managerial role and workload in men. Those for psychological health was control strategy and organizational atmosphere in women, and organizational atmosphere and recognition in men, those for physical illness was workload in women and support strategy and physical exercises in men, and those for stress level was support strategy in women and coping strategy in men.

CONCLUSIONSWomen commercial workers experienced much more stress, with more severe stress reaction in their work, than men did. The main factors affecting occupational stress reaction and level of stress in women and men were not quite similar.

Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Commerce ; Female ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Job Satisfaction ; Male ; Sex Factors ; Stress, Psychological ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Workload

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The comparative study on maturation of metacarpal bone in puberty children during their growth spurt period between urban and rural areas.

Bao-lin LIU ; Hui-ying ZHANG ; Bao-tian YANG ; Yi-jun WANG ; Li-jie WU ; Cai-hong SUN

Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine.2004;38(3):172-174.

OBJECTIVESTo study maturation of the metacarpal bone in puberty children during their growth spurt period and its difference between urban and rural areas.

METHODSTotally, 560 pupils/students were selected from primary and secondary schools in urban and rural areas each, with 35 children in each gender and age group, ranging 12 - 15 years of age for boys and 10 - 13 for girls. An X-ray film of left hand-wrist site was taken for each of them. Length and width of the metacarpal bone were measured and the metacarpal index was calculated.

RESULTSIncrement of length of the metacarpal bone was great in puberty children both in urban and rural areas, (6.26 - 9.31) mm in boys and (5.28 - 9.12) mm in girls. Mean length of the metacarpal bone was longer in children of urban areas than that of rural ones, regardless of their age and gender. There was significant difference in mean length of the metacarpal bone between boys aged 14 - 15 years and girls aged 12. Mean width of the metacarpal bone in most children was wider in rural areas than that in urban ones. Mean metacarpal index in children was higher in urban areas than that in rural ones, with very statistical significance, except for girls of 13 year age group. The peak age of metacarpal maturation was 1 year earlier in urban areas than in rural ones.

CONCLUSIONSMaturation of the metacarpal bone was rapid during puberty growth spurt period, with relatively significant difference in urban and rural ares.

Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Anthropometry ; Bone Development ; physiology ; Child ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metacarpus ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Puberty ; physiology ; Rural Health ; Urban Health

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Role of telomerase in chrysotile induced malignant transformation of normal human embryonic lung fibroblasts.

Ming XU ; Bing-ci LIU ; Xiang-min ZHANG ; Xiang-lin SHI ; Peng HE ; Bao-rong YOU ; Ning KANG

Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine.2004;38(3):167-171.

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of telomerase in asbestos dust induced malignant transformation of human embryonic lung fibroblasts in vitro.

METHODSHuman telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT) was transferred into human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HELF). Chrysotile dust at concentration of 2.5 microg/cm(2) was added to HELF transduced with and without hTERT (HELF-T+), respectively, and their transduced foci were separated. Biological characteristics of the cells, telomerase activity, length of telomere and cell growth curve were observed. Colony forming test was performed on soft agar to evaluate the nature of transformation.

RESULTSThe hTERT gene was transferred into HELF steadily, and HELF-T+ was established. Malignant transformation occurred in both HELF and HELF-T+ by asbestos stimulation. Asbestos dusts could induce higher rate of transformations in HELF-T+ [(2.08 +/- 1.08)/utensil] than in HELF [(1.08 +/- 0.10)/utensil], P < 0.05. Telomerase activity in both transformed malignant cells and HELF-T+ was higher, as well as the longer length of telomere in them.

CONCLUSIONRate of malignant transformation in cells with more activity of telomerase and longer length of the telomere was higher after stimulation with asbestos, indicating telomerase could play an important role in asbestos induced human cells malignant transformation.

Asbestos, Serpentine ; toxicity ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Fibroblasts ; pathology ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Telomerase ; genetics ; metabolism

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Genetic polymorphism in cytochrome P450 2E1, salted food and colorectal cancer susceptibility: a case-control study.

Wei-ping YU ; Kun CHEN ; Xin-yuan MA ; Kai-yan YAO ; Qin-ting JIANG ; Yan ZOU ; Hai-guang ZHOU

Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine.2004;38(3):162-166.

OBJECTIVETo investigate PstI allelic variants of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), the interaction effect on salted food and their role in risk for colorectal cancer.

METHODSThe genotypes of CYP2E1 PstI restriction fragment length polymorphism were analyzed in 126 colorectal cancer cases and 343 normal controls. The unconditional logistic regression was applied to estimate the OR and its 95% CI.

RESULTSThe CYP2E1 C1/C1, C1/C2 and C2/C2 genotypes were found respectively in 61.8%, 35.8% and 2.4% of normal control, similar to rectal cancer cases. The percentage of PstI variant genotype (54.9%: 52.9% C1/C2 and 2.0% C2/C2) in colon cancer cases was significantly higher than that in controls (adjusted OR1.979, 95% CI 1.090 approximately 3.595). Stratified analysis suggested an interaction between CYP2E1 C2 allele and salted food. The odds ratio (OR) for the CYP2E1 variant genotype, salted food eaten weekly or biweekly and eaten every day or every other day were 1.935, 2.122 and 2.315, respectively, while those of salted food combined with variant genotype eaten weekly or biweekly and eaten every day or every other day were 2.272 and 3.127. The role in risk for rectal cancer was different from that for colon cancer. Whatever the CYP2E1 genotype is, the risk for rectal cancer came to marked when salted food was consumed weekly or biweekly (OR = 2.646 and 2.297, respectively). However, none but the combined effect of variant genotype and salted food eaten every day or every other day had the notably risk for colon cancer and the odds ratio suddenly increased to 4.262 (95% CI 1.395 approximately 13.017), 1.69-fold higher than that of wild genotype (P = 0.072).

CONCLUSIONThe CYP2E1 C2 allele is a susceptibility factor for colorectal cancer, especially for colon cancer, and there is an apparent gene-environment interaction between the susceptible genotype and salted food.

Alleles ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; genetics ; Female ; Food Preservation ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Risk Factors ; Salts

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