Giant inguinoscrotal hernia. A case report.
Singapore medical journal.1986;27(2):177-179.
Singapore medical journal
1960 to Present ISSN: 0037-5675
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Supernumerary kidney--a case report and review.
Singapore medical journal.1986;27(1):74-76.
Fibroblasts in the human vocal fold mucosa: an ultrastructural study of different age groups.
Singapore medical journal.2009;50(2):201-207.
INTRODUCTIONAn investigation was carried out to determine the morphological characteristics of fibroblasts in two portions of the vocal fold (VF) mucosa, the macula flava (MF) and Reinke's space (RS), of three different age groups: newborns, adults and geriatrics.
METHODSNormal human VF obtained from autopsy cases were included in this study: four from mature newborns; four from middle-aged adults; and four from geriatric cases. Fibroblasts in RS and MF were investigated by transmission electron microscopy.
RESULTSThe fibroblasts of the MF in both adults and newborns tended to be stellate in shape, with a small nucleus/cytoplasm (N/C) ratio and a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) and Golgi apparatus (GA). Most of the fibroblasts present in RS were oval in newborns and spindle-shaped in adults, with a large N/C ratio and less developed rER and GA. The majority of fibroblasts of the geriatric MF were stellate in shape; while in geriatric RS, the majority of fibroblasts were spindle-shaped with an N/C ratio of 0.5 to 2.0 as in the case of adults. However, the development of rER and GA was less marked in geriatrics than in adults.
CONCLUSIONHistological changes of fibroblasts in the VF mucosa are one of the important causes of the change in voice quality with ageing. Furthermore, geriatric changes in the vocal ligament can be attributed to the activities and the presence of ageing processes in fibroblasts of geriatric VF mucosa.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Cell Nucleus ; ultrastructure ; Cytoplasm ; ultrastructure ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; ultrastructure ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; ultrastructure ; Golgi Apparatus ; ultrastructure ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Laryngeal Mucosa ; ultrastructure ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; methods ; Vocal Cords ; ultrastructure
Respiratory changes in Prader-Willi syndrome.
Singapore medical journal.2009;50(1):107-author reply 108.
Adolescent ; Airway Obstruction ; Bronchi ; pathology ; Bronchography ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Male ; Obesity, Morbid ; complications ; Prader-Willi Syndrome ; complications ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications ; diagnosis ; Thoracic Injuries ; diagnosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trachea ; pathology
Singapore medical journal.2009;50(1):68-72.
INTRODUCTIONThis study aimed to determine the rates of non-adherence to standard steps of medication administration and medication administration errors committed by registered nurses in a neonatal intensive care unit before and after intervention.
METHODSA baseline assessment of compliance with ten standard medication administration steps by neonatal intensive care unit nurses was carried out over a two-week period. Following this, a re-education programme was launched. Three months later, they were re-assessed similarly.
RESULTSThe baseline assessment showed that the nurses did not carry out at least one of the ten standard administrative steps during the administration of 188 medication doses. The most common steps omitted were having another nurse to witness drug administration (95 percent); labelling of individual medication prepared prior to administration (88 percent), checking prescription charts against patients' identification prior to administration (85 percent) and visually inspecting a patient's identification tag (71 percent) . Medication administration errors occurred in 31 percent (59/188) of doses administered, all due to imprecise timing of medication administration. There were no resultant adverse outcomes. Following implementation of remedial measures, there was a significant reduction in non-adherence of seven of the ten medication administration steps and the rate of medication administration errors (p-value is less than 0.001). However, in 94 percent of doses administered, the nurses still did not get a witness to countercheck calculations of drug dosages before administration.
CONCLUSIONNon-compliance with the standard practice of medication administration by nurses is common but can be improved by continuing re-education and monitoring, plus the implementation of a standard operating procedure.
Chi-Square Distribution ; Guideline Adherence ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Inservice Training ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Medication Errors ; prevention & control ; Nurses ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; administration & dosage ; Quality Assurance, Health Care
Acute renal failure following the use of rosiglitazone in a chronic kidney disease patient.
Singapore medical journal.2009;50(1):e32-4.
Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis is a well-recognised and important reversible cause of acute renal failure. Peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-gamma agonists, such as rosiglitazone, have been proven to be safe in chronic kidney disease patients. We describe a 65-year-old man with long-standing diabetes mellitus and hypertension, presenting with a five-day history of fluid overload and uraemic symptoms. There was no ingestion of analgesics, alternative medicine and other nephrotoxic drugs, the only new prescription being rosiglitazone, which was commenced during his last clinic follow-up two weeks prior to presentation. He required haemodialysis with minimal improvement in renal profile, despite cessation of the offending drug. Renal biopsy revealed findings consistent with acute interstitial nephritis. An episode of upper gastrointestinal bleeding with bleeding duodenal ulcer limited the use of steroids. He was treated with a course of mycophenolate mofetil which showed good gradual response and he remained stable with residual renal impairment.
Acute Kidney Injury ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Aged ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; adverse effects ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; complications ; Male ; Mycophenolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Renal Dialysis ; Thiazolidinediones ; adverse effects
Acute Kidney Injury ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Aged ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; adverse effects ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; complications ; Male ; Mycophenolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Renal Dialysis ; Thiazolidinediones ; adverse effects
Use of psychoactive drugs among patients visiting outpatient clinics in Karachi, Pakistan.
Singapore medical journal.2008;49(12):1060-author reply 1061.
Sporadic paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia: a frequently-misdiagnosed movement disorder.
Singapore medical journal.2007;48(9):e250-2.
Paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia is a very rare movement disorder. Few cases have been reported in the literature so far. We present a 40-year-old man with non-kinesigenic paroxysmal dyskinesia, which was initially diagnosed as a psychogenic disorder. This case highlights the varied presentation of this condition and an excellent response to clonazepam.
Adult ; Chorea ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male
Adult ; Chorea ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male
Characteristics of recurrent pericardial effusions.
Singapore medical journal.2007;48(8):725-728.
INTRODUCTIONThere are various aetiologies for recurrent pericardial effusions. Malignancy is the commonest cause in the West, but in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, tuberculosis is common and contributes towards a high prevalence of tuberculous recurrent pericardial effusions.
METHODSIn our hospital-based descriptive study of 32 patients, we looked into various characteristics of recurrent pericardial effusions using the hospital data.
RESULTSWe found tuberculosis to be the commonest cause of recurrent effusions, occurring in 50 percent (n = 16) of our patients, followed by malignancy (n = 9). The clinical features at presentation in patients who eventually developed recurrent pericardial effusions were more severe, compared to uncomplicated pericardial effusions.
CONCLUSIONKnowledge of the presenting features of patients with recurrent pericardial effusions is crucial, so that they can be placed under increased surveillance and considered for early institution of pericardial fluid drainage procedures.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; complications ; Pericardial Effusion ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Recurrence ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; complications
Issues on curriculum changes: are they unique to Argentina?
Singapore medical journal.2007;48(7):704-704.
Country
Singapore
Publisher
ElectronicLinks
Editor-in-chief
Abbreviation
Singapore medical journal
Vernacular Journal Title
ISSN
0037-5675
EISSN
Year Approved
2008
Current Indexing Status
Currently Indexed
Start Year
1960
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