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The effect of naloxone on the electric activity of sympathetic nerve in rabbit SMAO shock

Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology.1986;0(02):-.

This paper shows the influence of naloxone injected into the lateral ventricle of brain on the SMAO (superior mesenteric artery occlusion) shock in rabbits as well as the electric activity of sympathetic nerve in the course of shock.This experiment in 40 rabbits proved that the electric activity of the sympathetic nerve in the naloxone group was more enhanced and the duration was much longer than the control group after loosing the occuiation. From these it is clear that the central activity of the sympathetic nerve is related to the reversal effect of naloxone on shock. However the blood pressure in the group of naloxone could be maintained at a higher level and much longer after the electric activity of the sympathetic nerve had decreased. As a result, it may be inferred that there are still other factors contributing to the blood pressure, beside the regulation by the tonicity of sympathetic nerve. The significant extension of survival time in the naloxone group fully explained that naloxone played an important role in revering SMAO shock. Therefore naloxone is valuable in clinical treatment.

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Somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with diabetes mellitus

Wenbin LI

Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology.1986;0(03):-.

Using the average technique of the electronic computer, we recorded the somatosensory evoked Potentials (SEPs) by electrical stimulation of median nerve (MN) and posterior tibial nerve (PTN) in twenty-three normal subjects and twenty-five diabetic patients. The peak latencies of SEPs components were prolonged, and the afferent conduction velocities of MN and PTN were reduced in most patients. In some patients, the central conduction time (N13-N20 and P40-N80 conduction time) was prolonged. Besides, there was a significant change in the shape of triphasal potentials recorded from Erb's point.and popliteal fossa. These results suggest: there not only was abnormality of conductive function of peripheralnerves, but also, the conductive function of central nervous system might be involved in diabetes mellitus.

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Beneficial effects of droxicainide on ventricular fibrillation and infarct size after coronary occlusion

Anyun SHI

Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology.1986;0(01):-.

The effect of droxicainide was investigated in a rabbit model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. The rabbits were randomized to either a saline-treated control group (n=18) or a droxieainide-treated group (n=11). In the control group, the incidence of ventricular fibrillation after coronary ligation was 14/18 (77.7%) and nine died (64.3%). Ventricular fibrillation occurred in eight (72.7%) droxieainide treated rabbits, but all reverted spontaneously (P

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Effects of several factors on ability of amino acid uptake by regenerating rat liver

Ping LIU

Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology.1986;0(02):-.

24hr after partial hepatectomy, the isolated remnant liver of rat was perfused to study the effects of several factors on the ability of amino acid intake. The results were as follows: (1). Twenty-four hours after operation the hepatic uptakes of amino acid increased in the hepatectomized groups. The ability of enhanced amino acid uptake by remnant liver depended on hepatic protein synthesis. In a certain range of hepatectomy there was a positive correlation between the amounts of liver which had been cut off and the amounts of amino acid uptake by remnant liver. (2). The addition of insulin alone to the perfusate could stimulate amino acid uptakes by remnant liver and the addition of glucagon alone had no effect. But, when insulin was added to the perfusate in combination with glucagon the hepatic uptake of amino acid was much higher. (3). The extract from regenerating rat liver rather than that from normal adult rat liver may contain certain factor(s) which can stimulate amino acid uptakes by remnant liver.

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Effect of needling on the endogenous pyrogen fever of rabbit

Chenglong SHI

Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology.1986;0(02):-.

Fever model induced by endogenous pyrogen was used to study the effect of needling "Bai hui" point on fever. 126 rabbits served as experimental animal. The present experiment was divided into three parts: Ⅰ. Ⅱ. (injection of pyrogen)and Ⅲ. (no injection), and each part was redivided into experimental (needling "Bai hui" point or "non-channel point) and control (no needling) groups.The findings were: (1) In febrile rabbits induced by endogenous pyrogen, needling "Bai hui" points had significant febrifugal effect, i.e, inhibiting the rise of body temperature, increasing the amplitude of defervescence and accelerating the febrifugal rate. (2) In febrile rabbits, needling "non-channel points" had no marked febrifugal effect, i. e. showing the rise of body temperature, after that, accelerating the febrifugal rate. (3) On body temperature of healthy rabbits, needling "Bai hui" points hnd no hignificant effect.

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Regulation of transcriptional factor NF-E2-related factor 2 by different doses of TNF-α

Jiaolin NING ; Liwen MO ; Zhengguo WANG ; Guocai TAO ; Xinan LAI

Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology.2010;26(4):791-796. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4718.2010.04.032

AIM: To study the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. METHODS: Rat pulmonary micro-vascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) were cultured by lung tissue block pasted methods, and identified immunocytochemically using Ⅷ factor-related antigen. The cells were treated with different doses TNF-α (prepared in serum-free medium) for 4 h. Subcellular localization and levels of Nrf2 in PMVECs were observed with immunocytochemical methods. Nuclear extract were obtained to assayed transcriptional activity of Nrf2 with EMSA. Total RNA were isolated to assay the mRNA expression of Nrf2 by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The protein level of Nrf2 in the nuclei and transcriptional activity increased dose-dependently in PMVECs after treated with TNF-α at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 μg/L. However, the protein level of Nrf2 in nuclei and transcriptional activity decreased dose-dependently in PMVECs after treated with TNF-α at concentrations of 20 or 40 μg/L. No different mRNA expression of Nrf2 in PMVECs treated with TNF-α at all concentration above was observed. CONCLUSION: Transcriptional activity of Nrf2 increases in PMVECs treated with low or moderate doses of TNF-α and decreases in PMVECs treated with high doses of TNF-α.

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Effect of epigenetic modification on Pdx-1 gene transcription in different mouse cells

Mingyue LI ; Xiaofang YU ; Shiyun BAO ; Baoheng LIN ; Chunyou WANG

Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology.2010;26(4):786-790. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4718.2010.04.031

AIM: To investigate the role of epigenetic modification in Pdx-1 gene transcription and expression, and to compare the differences between epigenetic modifications of Pdx-1 gene promoter in various cell types of mice. METHODS: The promoter DNA methylation and histone modification status of Pdx-1 and MLH1 genes in NIT-1 cells, NIH3T3 cells and mouse embryonic stem cells were measured by chromatin immunoprecipitation-real time PCR method. The expression levels of these genes in the three cell lines were measured by real time RT-PCR. The relation between epigenetic modifications and gene expression was analyzed. RESULTS: (1) Compared to mES cells, there was lower DNA methylation and higher H3K4m3 modification levels in the promoter of Pdx-1 gene in NIT-1 cells (P<0.05). DNA methylation, H3 acetylation, H3K4m3 and H3K9m3 modification levels in the promoter of Pdx-1 gene in NIH3T3 cells were distinctly increased (P<0.05). (2) Pdx-1 gene transcription expressed only in NIT-1 cells. The Spearman's rho between Pdx-1 gene expression and DNA methylation (r=-0.802,P<0.01) was observed. The Pearson correlation between Pdx-1 gene expression and H3K4m3 modification (r=0.997,P<0.01) was also found. The Spearman's rho between Pdx-1 gene expression and H3K9m3 modification (r=-0.879,P<0.01) was observed. (3) No correlation between housekeeper MLH1 gene expression and epigenetic modification was found. CONCLUSION: DNA methylation, H3K4m3 and H3K9m3 modification coordinated participate to regulate and control the expression of Pdx-1 gene. It is of great significance to the differentiation of β cells from ES cells.

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SEB superantigen induces steroid resistance in PBMCs

Fengyu WANG ; Jianhua ZHOU ; Liru QIU

Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology.2010;26(4):781-785. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4718.2010.04.030

AIM: To establish a model of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-induced steroid resistance in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and to investigate the potential mechanism of SEB superantigen-induced steroid resistance in vitro. METHODS: PBMCs were isolated from normal children blood by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation and stimulated with SEB at different concentrations. The proliferation rate of cells was measured by MTT assay. The subcellular localization of glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα) was examined by confocal microscopy. Protein phosphorylation was measured by means of Western blotting. RESULTS: SEB induced steroid resistance in a range of 10-500 μg/L and no significant difference among concentrations was observed. In SEB-stimulated PBMCs, the GRα did not translocate to the nuclear after dexamethasone treatment. ERK inhibitor U0126 significantly attenuated the inhibition of GRα nuclear translocation in SEB-stimulated PBMCs. SEB also induced more rapid and sustained phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in PBMCs. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that SEB may contribute to steroid resistance through ERK pathway and is associated with abrogation of GRα nuclear translocation.

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Expression of T cell-specific transcriptional factor Elf-1 in mononu-clear cells, CD4~+ T cells and CD8~+ T cells from umbilical cord blood

Chunlan LIN ; Shaohua CHEN ; Lijian YANG ; Haitao ZHENG ; Qi SHEN ; Yubin ZHOU ; Yangqiu LI

Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology.2010;26(4):777-780. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4718.2010.04.029

AIM: To investigate the expression level of transcriptional factor Elf-1 in mononuclear cells, CD4~+ and CD8~+ T cells from umbilical cord blood (UCB). METHODS: Real-time PCR with SYBR green I technique was used for detecting the Elf-1 expression in mononuclear cells, sorted CD4~+ and CD8~+ T cells from 12 cases of umbilical cord blood. The relative mRNA expression level of Elf-1 was analyzed by a formula of 2~(-△Ct)×100%. The expression level of β_2-microglobulin gene (β_2M) was used as an endogenous reference. The peripheral blood from 10 cases of healthy adults was served as control. RESULTS: Elf-1 mRNA expressed in all blood samples collected from both UCB and healthy adults. The expression level showed apparent diversity in different individuals. The relative mRNA expression of Elf-1 in both mononuclear cells (18.55%±2.48%) and CD8~+ T cells (3.52%±0.45%) from UCB were significantly higher than those from healthy adults (9.16%±1.92%, 2.02%±0.27%, respectively, P<0.01, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of Elf-1 expression level from umbilical cord blood indicate that the over-expression of Elf-1 gene in mononuclear cells and CD8~+ T cells might be one of the features of T cell immune state in umbilical cord blood.

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Antioxidant and immunoregulatory effects of Centella asiatica extracts

Huijuan HE ; Jing LI ; Weijie ZHU ; Lihua LU

Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology.2010;26(4):771-776. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4718.2010.04.028

AIM: To determine the antioxidant and the immunoregulatory effects of Centella asiatica extracts. METHODS: Centella asiatica was extracted with alcohol and different organic solvent. The content of polyphenol was determined by Folin-ciocalteau method. The efficacy of the extracts to scavenge the hydroxy radical (OH·), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH·) and intra-cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured. Lymphocyte proliferation was assessed to observe the influence of Centella asiatica extracts. RESULTS: (1) Centella asiatica was found to have abundant polyphenol extrated from different phases and in a descending order as follows: ethyl acetate extracts>n-butanol extracts>water extracts>ligarine extracts. (2) Extracts of Centella asiatica exhibited the scavenging efficacy of OH· and DPPH· free radicals, in which the acetic ether extracts showed the significant effect. (3) The acetic ether extracts had significant ability to inhibit the generation of ROS in stimulated lymphocytes. (4) The acetic ether extracts suppressed the lymphocyte proliferation. (5) The active ingredient was identified as flavone. CONCLUSION: Flavones in the Centella asiatica posseses antioxidant activity and effectively inhibits lymphocyte proliferation, showing ability of immunosuppre-ssion.

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