Journal Detail Information

1

Cite

Share

Factors Associated with Serum Levels of Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Healthy Non-smokers.

Jung Im NO ; Jung Yoon YANG ; Han Jae HYUN ; Choi Si YEON ; Hee Jeong CHOI

Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2013;34(6):413-419. doi:10.4082/kjfm.2013.34.6.413

BACKGROUND: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a serological marker of malignant tumors, demonstrates a modest increase under nonmalignant conditions such as aging and smoking. Also, recent study results suggested that serum CEA levels may be related to insulin resistance or low-grade inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with serum CEA levels in healthy non-smokers. METHODS: Data was gathered from 21,501 adults aged 20 and over. We excluded 19,081 subjects who had omissions in anthropometric measurements or laboratory tests, or who had previous or current smoking history. RESULTS: The mean CEA level was 1.18 +/- 0.85 ng/dL in males and 0.93 +/- 0.73 ng/dL in females. After adjustment for age, CEA level was positively correlated with fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate in males. In females, CEA level was positively correlated with fasting glucose, HbA1C, HDL cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. In both gender groups, HbA1C had a strong influence on CEA levels when all other variables were included in the regression model (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Within normal range, serum CEA levels were significantly associated with HbA1C levels but not with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in the non-smoking population. These findings suggest that serum CEA levels are influenced by the glucose level itself instead of insulin resistance.
Adult ; Aging ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; C-Reactive Protein ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Fasting ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Glucose ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Insulin Resistance ; Lipoproteins ; Male ; Reference Values ; Smoke ; Smoking

2

Cite

Share

Trends in Cardiovascular Health Metrics among Korean Adults.

Hae Joon LEE ; Beomseok SUH ; Tae Gon YOO ; Haewon LEE ; Dong Wook SHIN

Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2013;34(6):403-412. doi:10.4082/kjfm.2013.34.6.403

BACKGROUND: American Heart Association (AHA) defined 7 cardiovascular health metrics for the general population to improve cardiovascular health in 2010: not smoking; having normal blood pressure; being physically active; normal body mass index, blood glucose, and total cholesterol levels; and eating a healthy diet. To investigate trends in cardiovascular health metrics in Korea, we used data from the third and fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. METHODS: We defined seven cardiovascular health metrics similar to the one defined by AHA but physical activity, body mass index, and healthy diet were properly redefined to be suited for the Korean population. We compared each cardiovascular health metric and calculated the sum of cardiovascular health metrics after dichotomizing each health metric to ideal (scored 1) and poor (scored 0). RESULTS: Health metric scores of smoking in males (P value for trend < 0.001), physical activity both in males and females (P-value for trend < 0.001 both), body mass index in females (P-value for trend = 0.030), and blood pressure both in males and females (P-value for trend < 0.001, both) were improved. On the other hand, health metric scores of healthy diet in males (P-value for trend = 0.002), and fasting blood glucose both in males and females (P-value for trend < 0.001 both) got worse. The total scores of seven health metrics were stationary. CONCLUSION: Total scores were not changed but each metric showed various trends. A long-term study is necessary for analyzing exact trends.
Adult* ; American Heart Association ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Eating ; Fasting ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Smoke ; Smoking

3

Cite

Share

Weight Control Attempts in Underweight Korean Adults: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2010.

O Jin Ee CHOI ; Young Gyu CHO ; Jae Heon KANG ; Hyun Ah PARK ; Kyoung Woo KIM ; Yang Im HUR ; Hyun Ji YIM

Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2013;34(6):393-402. doi:10.4082/kjfm.2013.34.6.393

BACKGROUND: Underweight refers to the weight range in which health risk can increase, since the weight is lower than a healthy weight. Negative attitudes towards obesity and socio-cultural preference for thinness could induce even underweight persons to attempt weight control. This study was conducted to investigate factors related to weight control attempts in underweight Korean adults. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study on 690 underweight adults aged 25 to 69 years using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2010. Body image perception, weight control attempts during the past one year, various health behaviors, history of chronic diseases, and socioeconomic status were surveyed. RESULTS: Underweight women had a higher rate of weight control attempts than underweight men (25.4% vs. 8.1%, P < 0.001). Among underweight men, subjects with the highest physical activity level (odds ratio [OR], 7.75), subjects with physician-diagnosed history of chronic diseases (OR, 7.70), and subjects with non-manual jobs or other jobs (OR, 6.22; 12.39 with reference to manual workers) had a higher likelihood of weight control attempts. Among underweight women, subjects who did not perceive themselves as thin (OR, 4.71), subjects with the highest household income level (OR, 2.61), and unmarried subjects (OR, 2.08) had a higher likelihood of weight control attempts. CONCLUSION: This study shows that numbers of underweight Korean adults have tried to control weight, especially women. Seeing that there are gender differences in factors related to weight control attempts in underweight adults, gender should be considered in helping underweight adults to maintain a healthy weight.
Adult* ; Body Image ; Body Weight ; Chronic Disease ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Obesity ; Single Person ; Social Class ; Thinness* ; Weight Loss ; Weight Perception

4

Cite

Share

Sociodemographic Characteristics of Underweight Korean Adults: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2010.

Sung Il PARK ; Young Gyu CHO ; Jae Heon KANG ; Hyun Ah PARK ; Kyoung Woo KIM ; Yang Im HUR ; Hye Jin KANG

Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2013;34(6):385-392. doi:10.4082/kjfm.2013.34.6.385

BACKGROUND: Underweight is associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity. It is reported that the prevalence of underweight is increasing among Korean young women. However, there have been few studies on sociodemographic factors related to being underweight. This study was conducted to elucidate the sociodemographic characteristics of Korean underweight adults. METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional study of 7,776 adults aged 25 to 69 years using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2010. Study subjects were composed of underweight and normal-weight adults excluding overweight adults. Body mass index was calculated from measured height and weight. Health behaviors such as smoking, drinking, and physical activity were surveyed through self-administered questionnaires, and socioeconomic status, marital status, and history of morbidity were surveyed through face-to-face interviews. RESULTS: Women had a higher frequency of underweight (10.4% vs. 7.0%, P < 0.001) than men. Among men, current smoking (odds ratio [OR], 1.62) and past history of cancer (OR, 2.55) were independently related to underweight. Among women, young age (OR, 2.06), former smoking (OR, 1.69), and being unmarried (OR, 1.56) were identified as independently related factors of underweight. In addition, among both men and women, alcohol drinking (men OR, 0.57; women OR, 0.77) and past history of chronic diseases (men OR, 0.55; women OR, 0.43) were independently related to a lower frequency of underweight. CONCLUSION: We showed that various sociodemographic factors were associated with underweight. It was ascertained that there were differences in the sociodemographic factors related to underweight between Korean men and women.
Adult* ; Alcohol Drinking ; Body Mass Index ; Chronic Disease ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Demography ; Drinking ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Marital Status ; Mortality ; Motor Activity ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Overweight ; Prevalence ; Single Person ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Social Class ; Sociology ; Thinness* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

5

Cite

Share

The Role of Paternal Drinking Problems in the Psychological Characteristics of High School Students.

Dong Hyun CHOI ; Jong Sung KIM ; Jin Gyu JUNG ; Young Il RYOU ; Young Seok KIM ; Won Chul UH

Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2013;34(6):377-384. doi:10.4082/kjfm.2013.34.6.377

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that children with parental drinking problems are at increased risk of drinking problems or psychiatric diseases in adulthood. The present study was conducted to examine the psychiatric characteristics of high school students according to paternal drinking problems. METHODS: The subjects were 950 high school students (390 male and 560 female). The paternal drinking problems were assessed by using the Father-Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Beck's depression inventory, and Beck's anxiety inventory were used to evaluate the drinking behavior, depression, and anxiety of high school students. RESULTS: While male students with paternal drinking problems showed significantly increased risk of anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 2.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05 to 4.63), female students with paternal drinking problems showed significantly increased risk of depression (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.74) according to the results of logistic regression analysis with adjustments for participants' age, whether they live together with parents, their religion, club activities, and smoking habits on the basis of students without paternal drinking problems. CONCLUSION: The above results suggest that paternal drinking problems lead to unstable mentalities in both male and female students, and that a family physician should address the mental state of teenagers with paternal drinking problems during clinical encounters.
Adolescent ; Alcoholism ; Anxiety ; Child ; Depression ; Drinking Behavior ; Drinking* ; Fathers ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Michigan ; Parents ; Physicians, Family ; Smoke ; Smoking

6

Cite

Share

Peer Review Process in Medical Journals.

Young Gyu CHO ; Hyun Ah PARK

Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2013;34(6):372-376. doi:10.4082/kjfm.2013.34.6.372

Reviewers play key roles in manuscript processing and publication. This article describes in detail how the reviewer serves their two key roles as a gatekeeper of making publication recommendations for the editorial board and a consultant providing constructive comments to authors to improve the quality of the manuscripts to be published.
Consultants ; Humans ; Peer Review* ; Publications

7

Cite

Share

Plagiarism Detection.

Soo Young KIM

Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2013;34(6):371-371. doi:10.4082/kjfm.2013.34.6.371

No abstract available.
Plagiarism*

8

Cite

Share

Association between Smoking and Periodontal Disease in Korean Adults: The Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010 and 2012).

Ah Young JANG ; Jung Kwon LEE ; Jin Young SHIN ; Hae Young LEE

Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2016;37(2):117-122. doi:10.4082/kjfm.2016.37.2.117

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate an association between smoking, smoking cessation, and periodontal disease in Korean adults. METHODS: The data were collected from 8,336 participants, aged between 20 and 64 years, who participated in the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination (2010 and 2012). Smoking status was assessed using self-administered questionnaires. Periodontal disease was defined as a community periodontal index ≥3 points. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate an association between smoking, smoking cessation, and periodontal disease after adjusting for age, sex, education, monthly income, diabetes, obesity, alcohol intake, and frequency of tooth brushing. RESULTS: The risk of periodontal disease was higher among current smokers (odds ratio [OR], 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-1.83) than never smokers. Among current smokers, the risk of periodontal disease was increased in smokers of ≥10 cigarettes/d, ≥20 years duration, and >10 pack-years compared with never smokers (P<0.05). Among former smokers, the risk of periodontal disease after 10 years since cessation declined to 0.56 (95% CI, 0.42-0.75) compared with current smokers and was indistinguishable statistically from never smokers. CONCLUSION: Periodontal disease is significantly associated with smoking status in Korean adults.
Adult* ; Education ; Humans ; Korea* ; Logistic Models ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Obesity ; Periodontal Diseases* ; Periodontal Index ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation ; Smoking* ; Tooth

9

Cite

Share

The Relationship of Caffeine Intake with Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Sleep in Korean Adolescents.

Mi Joo JIN ; Chang Ho YOON ; Hae Jin KO ; Hyo Min KIM ; A Sol KIM ; Ha Na MOON ; Seung Pi JUNG

Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2016;37(2):111-116. doi:10.4082/kjfm.2016.37.2.111

BACKGROUND: In various studies in adults, caffeine may increase wakefulness and relieve pain, but caffeine overdose can cause many adverse serious effects on health. Caffeine intake has recently been increasing in adolescents. In spite of importance of caffeine effects on Korean adolescents, there are lack of scientific and systematic studies. The purpose of our study was to identify the relationship between caffeine consumption and effects on adolescents. METHODS: We performed study on 234 middle school students at one middle school in Daegu using a self-report questionnaire. We divided students to quartiles according to amount of caffeine intake. We used Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to evaluate the degree of depression and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) to evaluate the degree of anxiety. We also used Insomnia Severity Scale (ISI) to evaluate the degree of insomnia and Global Assessment of Recent Stress (GARS) to evaluate the stress in students. We used logistic regression analysis to identify the relationship between caffeine consumption and effects. RESULTS: Higher caffeine intake was associated with higher weight, height, lower academic achievement, and higher score in BDI, BAI, ISI, and GARS (P for trend <0.005). Higher caffeine intake quartile was associated with greater odds of having significant depression (BDI ≥10, P for trend=0.011), and insomnia (ISI ≥8, P for trend=0.015) after adjustment for factors that can affect the psychological status. CONCLUSION: We found that caffeine intake is associated weight, height, academic achievement, and higher score in BDI, BAI, ISI, and GARS. Caffeine intake was positively associated with the severity of depression and the severity of insomnia among adolescents in Korean.
Adolescent* ; Adult ; Anxiety* ; Caffeine* ; Daegu ; Depression* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Wakefulness

10

Cite

Share

Comparing the Trend of Physical Activity and Caloric Intake between Lipid-Lowering Drug Users and Nonusers among Adults with Dyslipidemia: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2010-2013).

Jin Young OH ; Lan CHEKAL ; Se Won KIM ; Jee Yon LEE ; Duk Chul LEE

Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2016;37(2):105-110. doi:10.4082/kjfm.2016.37.2.105

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the physical activity and caloric intake trends of lipid-lowering drug users with those of non-users among Korean adults with dyslipidemia. METHODS: This study was a repeated cross-sectional study with a nationally representative sample of 2,635 Korean adults with dyslipidemia based on the 2010-2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and caloric intake was estimated through 24-hour dietary recall. All statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS ver. 21.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA). The changes in physical activity and caloric intake were investigated for lipid-lowering drug users and non-users using generalized linear models. RESULTS: The proportion of lipid-lowering drug users in the 2010-2013 survey population increased from 3.5% to 5.0% (P<0.001). Among adults of dyslipidemia, total of 1,562 participants (56.6%) reported taking lipid-lowering drugs, and 1,073 (43.4%) reported not taking lipid-lowering drugs. Drug users were more likely to be older and less educated and to have a diagnosis of diabetes, higher body mass index, and lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol level. Physical activity trends were tested separately for the lipid-lowering drug users and non-users, and a significant decrease was found among the drug users during the study period. Physical activity among the drug users in 2013 was 38% lower (1,357.3±382.7 metabolic equivalent [MET]; P for trend=0.002) than in 2010 (2,201.4±442.6 MET). In contrast, there was no statistically significant difference between drug users and non-users in the trend of caloric intake during the same period. CONCLUSION: Physical activity significantly decreased among lipid-lowering drug users between 2010 and 2013, which was not observed among non-users. The importance of physical activity may need to be re-emphasized for lipid-lowering drug users.
Adult* ; Body Mass Index ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diagnosis ; Drug Users* ; Dyslipidemias* ; Energy Intake* ; Humans ; Korea ; Linear Models ; Metabolic Equivalent ; Morinda* ; Motor Activity* ; Nutrition Surveys

DISPLAY OPTIONS

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share