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Effects of High-speed Elastic Band Training on Physical Fitness and Muscle Function in Rural Community-dwelling Elderly: a Single-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.

Jun Seok SON ; Dongheon KANG ; Dong Hyun YOON ; Dae Young KIM ; Hee Jae KIM ; Jang Hoe KIM ; Byunghun SO ; Han Sol SONG ; Su Seung HWANG ; Wook SONG

Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2015;15(4):254-261. doi:10.15384/kjhp.2015.15.4.254

BACKGROUND: Aging related decrease in muscle strength and flexibility leads to functional loss of physical ability. Power training is known to improve these capacities and helps in performing daily routine better. Therefore, we modified previously proven and certified sarcopenia intervention exercise for elderly in rural community and applied them to examine the effects on physical fitness and muscle functions to show its applicability. METHODS: Subjects were divided into control and exercise group using single-blind method. Exercise group underwent high-speed elastic band training(concentric contraction in 1 second) 2 days per week for 12 weeks. Before and after the intervention, we performed body composition analysis, anthropometric measurement, blood test, blood pressure check, senior fitness test (SFT), upper body and lower body strength examination. Korean version of Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (K-PASE), and Center for Epidemiological Studies- Depression Scale (CES-D) were also assessed. RESULTS: Body weight in control group was significantly increased (Paired t-test: P=0.008), although it was consistent in exercise group (GroupxTime: P=0.013). 30-second chair stand (P<0.001) and 30-second arm curl (P<0.001) of the senior fitness test were also significantly improved in exercise group compared to control. In addition, muscle strength of knee flexion (P=0.034) and K-PASE score (P<0.001) were improved in training group with statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The modified high-speed elastic band training for rural elderly improved muscle strength and daily physical performance. This result suggests a simple and easy to perform band training could be an excellent solution to prevent sarcopenia in rural elderly. It also supports the evidence that this program would be widely distributed.
Aged* ; Aging ; Arm ; Blood Pressure ; Body Composition ; Body Weight ; Depression ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Knee ; Motor Activity ; Muscle Strength ; Physical Fitness* ; Pliability ; Rural Population ; Sarcopenia ; Single-Blind Method

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A Program to Build Preschooler's Eating Habit Based on Social Cognitive Theory.

Yun Hee SHIN ; Tae Hee LEE ; Min Ju KANG ; Ha Yeon JANG ; Hye Mi HAM ; Eun Hee CHOI

Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2015;15(4):244-253. doi:10.15384/kjhp.2015.15.4.244

BACKGROUND: Human diet and eating habits are formed in childhood so that eating habits in this period have a great impact on the nutritional status of children. Eating behaviors of children are formed by those of family members at home or their diet at preschool and mass media. The purpose of this study was to develop a program to build healthy dietary habits in preschoolers based on Social Cognitive Theory, which emphasizes the dynamic interaction among an action, an individual and its environment, and to explore the effects of the program. METHODS: A non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was be used in this study. All participants were dyads of preschoolers and one of their parents collected from two day care centers, 18 for the experimental group and 16 for the control group. The program was evaluated by their Knowledge about Nutrition and Dietary Habits among Preschoolers and Parents Perception of Preschoolers' Dietary Habits. The program was conducted between March and June, 2015. RESULTS: At follow-up, knowledge related to nutrition (t=-2.74, p=0.010) and dietary habits (t=-3.67, p<0.001) among the preschoolers were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. However, the perception of parents on the change of their children's eating habit didn't show significant difference (t=1.13, p=0.265). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study is able to be used in dietary education of preschool children as one of the evidence, and be applied as an example of children's health promotion to help them have ideal eating habits, through cooperation with a university in community and day care centers.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Day Care, Medical ; Diet ; Eating* ; Education ; Feeding Behavior ; Follow-Up Studies ; Food Habits ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Mass Media ; Nutritional Status ; Parents

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A Comparative Study on the Assessment of the Quality of Life by Older Cancer Patients and Caregivers and Assessment of Performance Status by Medical Staff.

Kyoungwon CHOI ; Hoonsik BAE ; Yeon Ok LIM ; Ilsung NAM ; Hyunsook YOON ; Yojin KIM ; Hyen Joo LEE

Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2015;15(3):150-159. doi:10.15384/kjhp.2015.15.3.150

BACKGROUND: The study examined the correlations among the results of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)-Quality of Life Questionnaire, Core 30 (QLQ-C30) completed by elderly cancer patients and their family caregivers and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)-performance status (PS) evaluated by medical doctors. METHODS: The study sample included 269 persons with cancer aged 55 years or older and their family caregivers recruited from hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The results of the ECOG-PS evaluated by medical doctors were obtained from medical records. Intra-class correlation analysis was used to assess rater reliability between the elderly cancer patients and their family caregivers. Correlations among the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the ECOG-PS were tested using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearmen's correlation. RESULTS: The results showed that four subscales of quality of life (physical functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning, and global health status) and three items under symptoms (fatigue, pain, and financial difficulties) in the EORTC QLQ-C30 were highly consistent between patients and their family caregivers. From the EORTC QLQ-C30 results, social functioning, role functioning, health status, fatigue, pain, and appetite loss (patients results) and physical functioning (family caregivers results) were highly consistent with the results of the ECOG-PS by the physicians. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that when the older persons with cancer have difficulty expressing their own thoughts or feelings, the EORTC QLQ-C30 completed by their family caregivers and the results of the ECOG-PS completed by the physicians could be used as substitutes.
Aged ; Appetite ; Caregivers* ; Fatigue ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Medical Staff* ; Quality of Life* ; Seoul

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Factors Associated with Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and Intention among Male and Female College Students.

Seung Yeun LEE ; Mi Ah HAN ; Jong PARK ; So Yeon RYU

Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2015;15(3):141-149. doi:10.15384/kjhp.2015.15.3.141

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common viral infection of the reproductive tract and can cause cervical cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate HPV vaccination status and related factors among male and female college students. METHODS: The study subjects were 489 students conveniently sampled from Seoyeong University located in Gwangju. General characteristics, HPV vaccination status and knowledge of cervical cancer and HPV infection were collected by self- administered questionnaires between August 25 and September 19. The collected data were analyzed by chi-square tests, t-tests and multiple logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Of 328 female students, 22.9% were vaccinated. But none of the male students (n=161) were vaccinated. Vaccination intention of male and female students were 18.6% and 55.5%, respectively. In multiple logistic regression analysis, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for HPV vaccination were significantly high in female subjects with high allowance (aOR=2.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.13-4.42) or high knowledge score of cervical cancer (OR=1.10, 95% CI=1.02-1.16). Intention of HPV vaccination were associated with participation in school clubs, chronic disease and knowledge score of cervical cancer in male students. In female students, school record, family history, self-rated health and knowledge score of cervical cancer were associated with intention of vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: HPV vaccination rate was found to be low. Prevention efforts considering these results might be helpful in increasing HPV vaccination rate and reducing HPV-associated health risks.
Chronic Disease ; Female* ; Gwangju ; Humans* ; Intention* ; Logistic Models ; Male* ; Odds Ratio ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Vaccination*

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Radiation Exposure through Private Health Examinations in Korea.

Hyun Jong KIM ; Jung Won KIM ; Soo Hyung LEE ; Joo Yeon KIM ; Moo Young KIM

Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2015;15(3):136-140. doi:10.15384/kjhp.2015.15.3.136

BACKGROUND: Due to the increase in general health examination centers, health examination programs are becoming more diversified in Korea. Some of the general health examination tests, such as computed tomography, result in substantial levels of radiation exposure. However, the amount of radiation exposure from these examinations has not been studied in Korea. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the level of radiation exposure from general health examinations. METHODS: Through the Korean Hospitals Association website and portal sites, 296 general health examination facilities were included in the study. The information about whether radiation-related tests are included in the health examination program of each facility was collected from their internet website. The radiation exposure dose for each test was obtained from the Database Construction Report by the Korean Institute of Nuclear Safety. RESULTS: The mean base exposure dose of health examination programs from 296 health facilities was 2.49+/-2.50 mSv. The mean maximum exposure dose was 14.82+/-9.55 mSv (maximum 40.1 mSv). The maximum exposure dose was the highest at university-associated hospitals (21.63+/-7.54 mSv) and lowest at hospitals with < or =30 beds (7.84+/-7.64 mSv). The contribution of computed tomography on the maximum exposure dose was the highest of all examinations (72%). CONCLUSIONS: This study verified that examinees are exposed to substantial levels of radiation during general health examinations. It is necessary to establish evidence-based screening programs considering radiation exposure during general health examinations.
Health Facilities ; Internet ; Korea* ; Mass Screening

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Association between Actual or Perceptional Weight Status and Mental Health Issues in Adolescents in Korea.

Hye Shin KIM ; Jun Hwan JANG ; Keun Mi LEE ; Seung Pil JUNG ; Shin Ho KEUM

Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2015;15(3):129-135. doi:10.15384/kjhp.2015.15.3.129

BACKGROUND: Mental health issues in adolescents have recently emerged as a social concern. Previous studies reported that there was a relationship between body image perception and mental health. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlations between actual or perceptional weight status and mental health issues in adolescents in Korea. METHODS: Data was based on the 5th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data (2010-2012). The subjects were 1989 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. Depending on the actual or perceptional weight status, participants were divided into several groups. Mental health indicators included experiencing stress, depressed mood and suicidal ideation. RESULTS: The multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted controlling for age, abdominal obesity, smoking and alcohol use, potency of exercises, and household income. Although this study did not find a correlation between actual weight status and mental health variables, it did find that girls who perceived themselves as overweight were more likely to experience stress (odds ratio, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.41-3.56) and depressed mood (odds ratio, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.01-3.62). CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent females in Korea who perceived themselves as overweight experienced significantly more stress and depressed mood.
Adolescent* ; Body Image ; Exercise ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Humans ; Korea* ; Logistic Models ; Mental Health* ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Overweight ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Suicidal Ideation ; Weight Perception

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Medication Adherence and its Predictors in Community Elderly Patients with Hypertension.

Sang Geun BAE ; Hye Ji JEON ; Hyeon Su YANG ; Bo Kyoung KIM ; Ki Soo PARK

Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2015;15(3):121-128. doi:10.15384/kjhp.2015.15.3.121

BACKGROUND: Medication adherence is important for hypertension management but still stay low level. It is reasonable method to classify medication nonadherence into intentional nonadherence and unintentional nonadherence and manage it according to this categories. This study aimed to explore medication adherence and its predictors in community patients with hypertension, especially dividing into intentional nonadherence and unintentional nonadherence. METHODS: Study subjects included 1,988 patients who were prescribed hypertension drugs among 2012 community health survey subjects of 10 cities in Gyeongsangnamdo and we analyzed medication adherence with hypertension and its predictors. We conducted chi-square test for nominal variable and ANOVA test for continuous variable and use multinominal regression to analyze independent predictors of intentional nonadherence and unintentional nonadherence in contrast to medication adherence. RESULTS: Of the 1,988 patients, 49.7% were adherent, 26.1% were unintentionally nonadherent and 24.2% intentionally nonadherent. Independent predictors of unintentional nonadherence were depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR]=1.696, P=0.047) and arthritis (OR=1.319, P=0.030) and independent predictors of intentional nonadherence were cardiocerebrovascular disease (OR=1.464, P=0.044), self-efficacy (OR=0.984, P=0.007), beliefs about medications questionnaire (necessity [OR=0.834, P<0.001] and concern [OR=1.236, P<0.001]). CONCLUSIONS: In order to manage hypertension in community, improvement in medication adherence is needed. Depressive symptom and self-efficacy need to be managed, but especially patients'beliefs about their medication need to be considered to improve intentional nonadherence.
Aged* ; Arthritis ; Depression ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Intention ; Medication Adherence*

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Changes to Balance and Trunk Repositioning Sense According to Frequency of Falls in Stroke Patients.

Ki Hun CHO ; Wan Hee LEE

Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2011;11(1):48-55.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the changes to postural sway velocity and trunk repositioning errors and the frequency of falls in stroke patients. METHODS: Fifty-five stroke patients, divided into three groups (no falls group: 20, one fall group: 19, repeated falls group: 16), stood quietly with eyes open and closed on a force platform while postural sway velocity was quantified by the center of pressure measures. Trunk repositioning errors were measured in standing while the subjects performed forward flexion movements. RESULTS: We found a significant difference between the groups for postural sway velocity in medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions with eyes open and closed (P<0.05). With the eyes closed, there were significant differences between the three groups in the postural sway velocity (P<0.05) and the trunk repositioning errors changed significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that the increase in falls may increase visual dependence for postural control velocity and trunk repositioning errors. These results may be useful in balance training to prevent falls in stroke survivors.
Eye ; Humans ; Stroke ; Survivors

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Use of the 6-Minute Walk Test as Gait Therapy for Hemiplegic Patients: Possibility of Practice Effect by Providing Knowledge of Result.

Sun Mi SIM ; Duck Won OH

Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2011;11(1):42-47.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the practice effect of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) after providing the subjects with knowledge of the results (KR). METHODS: Sixteen subjects with post-stroke hemiparesis volunteered to participate in this study. The 6MWT was performed by having the subjects take repeated walks along a 20-m walkway for 6 minutes; and the maximum distance walked was recorded. Two trials of the 6MWT were conducted under three conditions: no-KR, immediate-KR (providing knowledge of the time taken to complete each 20-m distance), and summary-KR (providing knowledge of the time taken to complete 60 m). RESULTS: The practice effects of all 3 conditions were determined by using the paired t-test, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with <0.75, and the Bland-Altman plot. The findings of the paired t-test showed a significant difference under the immediate-KR condition only; however, no significant differences were noted under the no-KR and summary-KR conditions. In a data agreement analysis across the two trials using the ICC, none of the obtained values under the three conditions were in an acceptable range indicative of a practice effect. In the Bland-Altman plot, a greater data variation was observed under the immediate-KR condition than under the other two conditions. When comparing the conditions, the immediate-KR condition differed significantly from the no-KR condition. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not support the presence of a practice effect across the 6MWT. However, a practice effect seems to be clinically possible when the immediate-KR condition is incorporated into this test.
Gait ; Paresis ; Stroke

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The Mediating Effects of Loneliness on the Relationship between Smartphone Addiction and Dependent Personality Trait in Adults.

Jeung OK

Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2016;16(4):260-267. doi:10.15384/kjhp.2016.16.4.260

BACKGROUND: As the number of smartphone users is increasing, smartphone addiction is a recent concern. The purpose of the present study was to examine the mediating effect of loneliness on the relationship between smartphone addiction and dependent/ avoidant personality trait in Adults. METHODS: A total of 550 adults (male 116, female 434) were selected and rated smartphone addiction scale, dependent and avoidant personality trait scales, and loneliness scale. Pearson correlation coefficients, Structural Equation Model Analysis and Sobel test using SPSS version 21.0 (IBM, New York, NY, USA) and AMOS version 21.0 (IBM, New York, NY, USA) were conducted. RESULTS: Dependent and avoidant personality significantly were related smartphone addiction and loneliness. Finding in structural equation modeling indicated that the loneliness partially mediated the relationship between dependent personality and smartphone addiction, but did not mediated the relationship between avoidant personality and smartphone addiction. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed partial mediation effect of loneliness on the relationship between smartphone addiction and dependent personality. This finding suggests that future intervention for smartphone addiction should focus on reducing of loneliness and proper coping with loneliness.
Adult* ; Female ; Humans ; Loneliness* ; Negotiating* ; Smartphone* ; Weights and Measures

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