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Relationship between Body Weight and Pulmonary Function in Pilots from a Airlines: The Comparison of Data from 1996 with 2002.

Young Dong SHIN ; Hwan Suk JUNG ; Kyung Chae KIM ; Ju Na LEE ; Noh Won PARK ; Won Keun LEE ; Je LEE ; Heon Kil LIM ; Jeong Hyun KIM

Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine.2003;13(3):136-143.

BACKGROUND: Obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and other disorders. Several studies have shown that excess weight or weight gain was related to the decline of pulmonary function. This study is to find out whether pilot's age, height, body weight, body mass index(BMI) and smoking are related to the baseline measurement of pulmonary function in order to promote the healthy behavior of pilots. METHOD: The analysis was based on data from the annual physical examination of pilots which was conducted in one airlines company of Korea. This study compared the data obtained from 73 pilots in 1996 with the data in 2002. Pulmonary function(forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and maximal mid expiratory flow (MMEF), peak expiratory flow (PEF)), age, height, body weight and body mass index were measured in both surveys. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to examine the relationship weight gain, smoking and pulmonary function. RESULTS: According to the data from 2002, mean age, mean height, mean body weight and mean BMI of pilots were examined: 47.62 years, 171.60 cm, 70.6 Kg and 24.03 Kg/m(2). Age was significantly related to FVC, FEV1 and MMEF. Height was significantly related to FVC and FEV1. However, body weight was significantly related to PEF and MMEF. The effect of smoking on pulmonary function was not significant. Pilots who gained body weight and BMI after 7 years were not related significantly to the pulmonary function. CONCLUSION: This study shows that age, height, weight are significantly related to pulmonary function. And other studies show that weight gain is significantly related to the decline of pulmonary function, but the relationship from this study is not significant because the number of sample is not enough and healthy behaviors of most pilots are relatively well.
Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Multivariate Analysis ; Obesity ; Physical Examination ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Vital Capacity ; Weight Gain

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Difference of Hypoxia Tolerance with Reference to Sex.

Jae Moon CHOI ; Chan Kwon JUNG ; Tae Hyung MIN ; Won Keun LEE

Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine.2003;13(3):131-135.

BACKGROUND: Time of useful consciousness is related with various factors including smoking, age, sex, drug, and temperature. It is still unclear whether acute hypoxia tolerance is different between male and female. METHOD: We included 32 healthy students (male, n=16; female, n=16) volunteered to participate in this study. The blood hemoglobin concentration was measured at a day before flight. With high altitude rapid decompression flight training chamber, flight to simulated altitude of 25,000 ft was performed after nitrogen extraction breath. At 25,000 ft, heart rate and arterial O2 saturation (SaO2) were measured by using pulse oximeter after taking off oxygen mask. We compared the duration from mask-off to the time at 60% SaO2 between male and female and correlated the time at 60% SaO2 with hemoglobin concentration. RESULTS: The duration from mask-off to SaO2 reaching 60% were significantly longer in the male group. There was a linear relationship between hemoglobin concentration and time at 60% SaO2. CONCLUSION: Acute hypoxia tolerance differs from the two sexes and the difference of hemoglobin concentration is one of possible causative factors of this difference.
Altitude ; Anoxia* ; Consciousness ; Decompression ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Masks ; Nitrogen ; Oxygen ; Smoke ; Smoking

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The Effect on Age, Body Weight, Height, Body Mass Index and Smoking to Coagulation Factor VII, VIII and Fibrinogen in Pilots.

Hwan Suk JUNG ; Young Dong SHIN ; Seung Ho BACK ; Jae Bum JO ; Noh Won PARK ; Won Keun LEE ; Je LEE ; Heon Kil LIM ; Jeong Hyun KIM

Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine.2003;13(3):125-130.

BACKGROUND: The pilots with cardiovascular events have a possibility for a risk of suffering from sudden incapacitation which is closely related to flying safety. The coagulation factors such as fibrinogen, factor VII, and factor VIII are possibly related to cardiovascular events. Several studies for general population have shown that an increase of those coagulation factors with age, a correlation of Factor VII and fibrinogen with BMI, and of fibrinogen with smoking. However, this study is to find out whether pilots' age, body weight, body mass index (BMI) and smoking are related to the baseline measurement of coagulation factor VII, factor VIII and fibrinogen. METHOD: Samples were taken from 21 pilots from Asiana Airlines: 11 smokers and 10 non-smokers. In order to measure the relationship between age, body weight, BMI, and the coagulation factors, Pearson correlation was used in this analysis. Independent two sampled t-test was used to analyze the correlation between smoking and the coagulation factors. RESULTS: Mean age, mean height, mean body weight and mean BMI of pilots were examined: 38 years, 171.81 cm, 70.67 Kg and 23.94 Kg/m(2). Mean fibrinogen, mean factor VII, and mean factor VIII were also obtained: 236.0 mg/dl, 92.93%, and 60.16%. The coagulation factor VII, factor VIII and fibrinogen were not significant related to age, body weight, BMI, smoking of pilots. CONCLUSION: This study has no correlation between age, body weight, BMI, smoking and the coagulation factors because the age of this study does not have pilots with over 60 years old and healthy behaviors (e.g., exercise, smoking, drinking, etc.) of most pilots are relatively well.
Blood Coagulation Factors* ; Body Height* ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diptera ; Drinking ; Factor VII* ; Factor VIII ; Fibrinogen* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

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Therapeutic Exercise for Nervous System in a Commercial Aircrew Members.

Hyun KWAK ; Jin Han CHO ; Sangyeoup LEE

Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine.2003;13(3):119-124.

No abstract available.
Nervous System*

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Morphological changes in rat testes after Hindlimb Unloading model.

Hae Chul AHN ; Chul Hyun KIM ; Jae Hyeng IM ; Gi ho LEE ; Sahng LEE ; Mi Ja PARK ; Chan KIM

Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine.2006;16(3):49-56.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine histological changes of testes induced by hindlimb unloading & position change of testis in mature adult male rats. METHOD: Eight month old (390~410g) 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats were weight-matched assigned to Ground Control (GC), Hindlimb Unloading (HU), Hindlimb Unloading & Testis Tie(HUT), Intra-abdominal Testis(IAT) for 24 days. Daily body weight was watched for status of animal. Testis weight, Seminiferous Tubule Diameter(STD), Seminiferous Tubule Perimeter(STP), Serminiferous Tubule Area(STA), Sertori Cell Height(SCH) were examined in each group. RESULTS: The 24-day hindlimb unloading of HU, HUT and IAT showed no significant change of body weight compared to GC. HUT maintained the weights, STD, STP, STA, SCH of their testes as GC while HU, IAT had significantly decreased the weights, STD, STP, STA of their testes. CONCLUSION: These results support that hindlimb unloading experiment induces serious morphological changes of testes. Therefore, on the hindlimb unloading experiment, IAT should be avoid or the effect of IAT should be correct. It will be necessary to study the pure effect of hindlimb unloading without IAT on the musculoskeltal system and so on which are associated with testosterone.
Adult ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Hindlimb Suspension* ; Hindlimb* ; Humans ; Male ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Testis* ; Testosterone ; Weightlessness ; Weights and Measures

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Comparison on VO2max, Bone Density Between High and Low HDL-C Group in a Commercial Aircrew Member.

Younglim NAMKUNG ; Yong Ho LEE ; Chang Kuk SUH

Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine.2000;10(1):61-70.

INTRODUCTION: The number of passengers using aircraft is steadily increasing with the improvement in the air transport business. It requires the investment both in materials and human resources for commercial aircrew members to be able to accomplish their tasks of aircraft safety. Therefore, the aircrew members are required to maintain and improve their mental and physical states to an optimal condition. It is also very important to periodically evaluate a physical condition, which is essential to flight safety. METHODS: In this study, each of a total of 89 out of a population of 278 korea aircrew members over 50 were examined in three aspects: blood lipids, maximal oxygen consumption, and bone density. The examinee were divided into two groups (HDL-C high group and HDL-C low group) and three parameters described above were compared between two groups. RESULTS: The results were as follows: (1) TC and LDL-C were significantly higher(p<0.05), and HDL-C, TG and TC/HDL were significantly lower in HDL-C High group than HDL-C Low group (p<0.01). (2) The maximal oxygen consumption was significantly higher in HDL-C high group (p<0.05). (3) The bone density of lumbar spine was significantly higher in HDL-C high group (p<0.01). (4) VO2max were significant (P< .05) correlate to HDL-C. CONCLUSION: On the basis of the study, an aerobic exercise which helps in improving the maximal oxygen consumption and cardiopulmonary function is considered to be essential for aircrew members to maintain physical conditions for their tasks, and it is desirable to develop more effective aerobic exercise programs.
Aircraft ; Bone Density* ; Commerce ; Exercise ; Humans ; Investments ; Korea ; Oxygen Consumption ; Spine

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The association of usual mobile telephone usage with blood pressure, body mass index, and hemoglobin.

Sang Yeoup LEE ; Yun Jin KIM

Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine.2000;10(1):57-60.

BACKGROUND: There are a number of people who use mobile phones. The effect of mobile phone on human body is controversial. In Korea, there were few studies about the effect of using of mobile phone on human health. So, We studied the relationship between usual mobile phone usage and health-related factors including blood pressure, body mass index, and hemoglobin. METHODS: In this study, the 165 mobile phone users and 165 mobile phone non-users who visited to the department of family medicine, Pusan National University Hospital from November 1998 to December 1998 were enrolled. RESULTS: there were no differences in body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, hemoglobin between mobile phone users and non-users. Total usage duration of mobile phone was not correlated with above health-related factors. CONCLUSION: The usual mobile telephone usage was not associated with blood pressure, body mass index, and hemoglobin.
Blood Pressure* ; Body Mass Index* ; Busan ; Cellular Phone ; Human Body ; Humans ; Korea ; Telephone*

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Treatment of Helicobacter pylori associated gastrointestinal disorder.

Inho KWAK

Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine.2000;10(1):51-56.

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori a worldwide infection in which over 50% of the general population is estimated to be affected. The association of Helicobacter pylori infection with various gastrointestinal disorders is well known. Many dyspeptic patients infected with H. pylori can be treated in primary care. One of the non-invasive means of detecting H. pylori is serology IgG antibody test (GAP). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the serologic H. pylori IgG antibody response to antibiotic regimen in patients infected with H. pylori. METHODS: A total of 44 patients (21 males, 23 females) who underwent health screening in a university hospital during the period from May 1996 to July 1998 and diagnosed positive by H. pylori serologic IgG antibody test and confirmed to have H. pylori infection on biopsy from endoscope procedure were selected. All the patients had dyspeptic symptoms and were diagnosed as having chronic superficial gastritis on endoscopy. Serological determination of the IgG antibodies against H. pylori was carried out before starting treatment for H. pylori eradication and 6 month after treatment. RESULTS: The number of patients was 44 with 21 (47.7%) males and 23 (52.3%) females. In both males and females. Among those with positive H. pylori antibody who were treated with antimicrobial therapy the rate of seroconversion to negative was 28.6% in males and 39.1% in females. Those who were checked positive for H. pylori antibody and were shown to be still positive but with lower titers after eradication therapy was 57.1% for males and 47.8% for females. Those with positive H. pylori antibody who had shown seroconversion or decreased antibody titers after antimicrobial therapy were 85.7% for males and 86.9% for females. The number of subjects who failed to result in seroconversion or conversely had increased titers for H. pylori antibody after antimicrobial therapy was 14.3% for males and 13.1% for females. Overall, among those treated with BMT regimen, 11 out of 28 (39.3%) seroconverted and 12 out of 28 (42.9%) resulted in lower antibody titers. Among those treated with BMA regimen, 4 out of 16 (25.0%) seroconverted and 11 out of 16 (68.8%) resulted in lower antibody titers. Failure rates of BMT and BMA regimens were 5 out of 28 (17.8%) and 1 out of 16 (6.2%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Based on above results, antimicrobial therapy of patients infected with H. pylori clearely indicate improvement of serologic IgG antibody resulting in seroconversion and/or decrease in titers with high rates. More accurate results may be obtained if the follow-up period is extended with the use of more reliable non-invasive techniques to detect H. pylori infection before and after treatment.
Antibodies ; Antibody Formation ; Biopsy ; Endoscopes ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastritis ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Primary Health Care

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An annual survey of occupational injury at a Korean Air-base.

Chae Yong LEE ; Moo Hoon LEE ; Sang Woo KIM ; Jong Young LEE

Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine.2000;10(1):44-50.

The survey of occupational injury has not been performed in Korean Air Force. The aim of this survey is to identify the feature of the occupational injury at the Korean Air force base. The occupational injury were monitored at the medical group in a Korean air base, from Aug 1998 to Jul 1999. Because the medical group has supported 2 different groups, we analysed and described some results seperately; group 1 consisted of workers in line maintenance operation, group 2 included workers in base maintenance operation. There were 59 injuries(injured persons) in group 1, and 9 injuries in group 2, so the incidence(per 1000) were 21.5, 4.46 respectively. 11 persons transferred to well-equiped hospital. Most of injured persons were air men, and then sergeant, civilian employee in order. The median age of injured persons was 22 years old in group 1 and 21 years old in group 2. The median work experience was 0.8 and 8 years respectively. The median delay time to arrive at the hospital from the time of injury were 30 min in group 1, 20 min in group 2, but maximum delay in group 1 was about 9 days. The occupational injuries were most common in October in the year, Tuesday in a week. Also the injury occurred common from 13 to 13:59, and from 11 to 11:59 in a day. The injury occurred most commonly by the collision with something, when working with more than 4 coworkers, and repairing the machinery. The most common injured part of the body were hands and feet, the patterns of injury were laceration and fracture.
Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lacerations ; Male ; Occupational Injuries* ; Young Adult

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How to Evaluate the Ischemic Heart Diseases .

Nam Sik CHUNG

Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine.2000;10(1):40-43.

No abstract available.
Myocardial Ischemia*

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