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Misconceptions, Hesitancy and Efficacy of COVID19 Vaccination in Dental Surgeons Working in A Teaching Dental Hospital, Peshawar

Aalia Zaib ; Syed Imran Gilani ; Muhammad Asif ; Ubaid Zaib

Annals of Dentistry.2022;29(2022):21-26. doi:10.22452/adum.vol29no4

The objective of this study was to assess misconceptions, hesitancy and efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccine among Faculty, House Officers (HO) and Postgraduates (PG) dental trainees towards the novel COVID-19 vaccine and to assess the association between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and conspiracy beliefs. A cross sectional study was conducted on 150 participants from Sardar Begum Dental hospital, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A self-administered questionnaire was developed with questions related to perception of participants regarding misconceptions, safety, hesitancy and efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccination. The questionnaire comprised of 26 closed-ended questions. Data was analyzed using SPSS statistical package 26.0. More than half of the participants (87.3%) reported to be tested positive for COVID-19 at some point. Majority of participants (87.3%) reported that they were vaccinated and 86.7% reported that they had post-vaccination reactions such as pain in arm, fever and body aches. A notable number of participants that were part of the study believed in the misconceptions related to the COVID-19 vaccine. This study concluded that despite widespread vaccination awareness campaigns, significant number of dental surgeons believed in misconceptions regarding COVID-19 vaccination that may pose a significant challenge to Pakistan's COVID-19 immunization program.

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Factors Affecting Sorption and Solubility of Denture Base Acrylic Materials: A Review

Rian George Barnard ; Peter Christopher Clarke-Farr ; Abduraghman Latief

Annals of Dentistry.2022;29(2022):1-8. doi: 10.22452/adum.vol29no1

Heat-cured PMMA is one of the most frequently used materials in the manufacture of removable dentures. Heat-cured material used to fabricate dentures contain soluble elements, allowing the material to absorb and release substances. These factors all directly affect the longevity and performance of protheses fabricated from polymethyl methacrylate denture base material. Various procedures associated with fabrication of removable dentures from heat-cure denture base material are reported to significantly influence the sorption and solubility experienced by the prosthesis. A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed journals located within academic databases was conducted to identify relevant literature pertaining to sorption and solubility of denture base materials. Key aspects of each paper were captured in Microsoft® Excel® to record author/s, location, study design, sample size, methodology, results and conclusions. Mixing ratios and polymerisation cycles have been identified as variables that can negatively influence the rate of sorption and solubility of denture base materials during the fabrication process. Certain surface treatment procedures, as well as storing the denture in artificial saliva solution may reduce the levels of sorption and solubility experienced and optimise its lifespan. In this review we identify these factors and consider the detrimental effects of sorption and solubility on denture base acrylic materials.

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Presence of the Periodontal Bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis in Patients with and without Cancer: A Meta-analysis

Alberto Rodriguez-Archilla ; Eugenia Encina-Palazzolo

Annals of Dentistry.2022;29(2022):13-20. doi:10.22452/adum.vol29no3

A high presence of periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) has been found in cancers at different body locations. The imbalance of the oral microbiome (dysbiosis) promotes the chronic inflammatory process that could contribute to carcinogenesis. To assess the P. gingivalis detection in cancer patients. A search for studies on P. gingivalis and neoplasms was conducted from 1974 to 2021 in the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Library, Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus. For dichotomous outcomes, the estimates of effects of an intervention were expressed as odds ratios (OR) using MantelHaenszel (M-H) method with 95% confidence intervals. Funnel plot and Egger’s test for publication bias analysis were used. Also, Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) studies methodological quality assessment scale was employed. Thirteen studies that involved 1732 cancer patients and 3298 controls without cancer were included in this meta-analysis. P. gingivalis detection was 1.81 times more likely in cancer patients (p<0.01) compared to controls. P. gingivalis detection was also more likely in patients with colorectal (OR: 2.00, p=0.02) or pancreatic (OR: 1.32, p=0.02) tumors. In contrast, oral, esophageal, lung, or breast cancers did not show a significant increase of P. gingivalis detection (p>0.05).

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Successful Reconstructive Surgery for Facial Deformity Caused by Paederus fuscipes: An Illustrative Case Report

Rusni Noordin ; Anis Marlina Ibne Walid ; Muhammad Ridwan Yeop Ismail ; Shah Kamal Khan Jamal Din

Annals of Dentistry.2022;29(2022):9-12. doi:10.22452/adum.vol29no2

Full thickness skin graft is a simple and reliable method for closure of small facial wound defect. A thorough understanding of how a skin graft heals and how to perform the procedure is essential for successful outcome. We report the use of full thickness skin graft in a wound closure of a facial skin defect caused by Paederus fuscipes, locally known as charlie. An 8-year old boy developed blister and painful swelling over his right cheek following skin contact with charlie. This lesion gradually became extensive, eventually leading to tissue loss and facial wound defect. A full thickness skin grafting was performed with satisfactory functional and excellent aesthetic result.

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The New 2017 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases: A Malaysian PerioSymposium

Debora C Matthews ; Betsy Thomas ; Bennete Fernandes ; Ranjeet Bapat ; Tanay Vijaykumar Chaubal ; Pulikkotil Shaju Jacob

Annals of Dentistry.2019;26(1):59-61. doi:10.22452/adum.vol26no9

The introduction of the recent 2017 classification of periodontal diseases has been welcomed by the periodontal fraternity. The new classification has used available evidence as the backbone for its development. It has been felt by many experts that a good understanding is required for its practice. Towards this, a Malaysian PerioSymposium was organised in May 2019 to comprehend the classification and also to identify the right path towards its learning among undergraduate students of dentistry in Malaysia. The symposium was conducted and moderated by local and international experts. Apart from the few limitations identified, the new classification was recommended to be taught in the undergraduate dental programme across schools in Malaysia.

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Cytomorphologic Analysis of Wet and Spray Fixation Methods in Oral Exfoliative Cytology

Supriya Hulimane ; Mulki Shaila

Annals of Dentistry.2020;27(1):1-5. doi: 10.22452/adum.vol27no1

For a long time, oral exfoliative cytology (OEC) has been implemented as an effective preliminary diagnostic tool for pathological lesions and various methods for fixation of the cytology specimens have been studied. The present study was undertaken to compare the efficacy between the wet and spray type of fixation methods for Papanicolaou (PAP) stained oral cytosmears. The study comprised of 45 healthy subjects in the age group of 20-25 yrs. For each subject, two smears were collected from the buccal mucosa and subjected to wet and spray fixation methods respectively. Both the smears were stained using a commercial Rapid Pap Kit. Smears were observed microscopically and evaluated for cytomorphological features involving uniformity of staining, cellular morphology, nuclear morphology, cellular staining, nuclear staining and presence of impurities. Comparisons were made between the two methods of fixation and statistically analysed using McNemar non-parametric test. Cells were evenly distributed in wet-fixed smears (n=38, 95%) compared to spray fixed smears (n=19, 47.5%). Wet-fixed smears showed lesser impurities (n=13, 32.5%) than spray fixed smears (n=27, 67.5%). However, other parameters such as cytological and nuclear morphology, staining of cytoplasm and nucleus were found to be not significant when compared between the two methods of fixation (p<0.05). The study shows that wet-fixed smears have better cellular distribution and relatively fewer impurities when compared to the spray fixed smears. The method of wet-fixed smears may be used as an alternative to spray fixed smears. A larger sample size may be required for further validation.

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Management of Mandibular Body Fracture in an Eighteen-Month Old Child - A Case Report

Samson Jimson ; Cakku Jalliah Venkatakrishnan ; Bhanumurthy Lokesh ; Jacob Mathew Philip

Annals of Dentistry.2020;27(1):6-10. doi:10.22452/adum.vol27no2

With the advancement of the transportation system and improvement in road conditions, the number of high-velocity accidents has also increased. Almost all of these reported cases involve individuals who had travelled in vehicles without adhering to personal protection standards and with rash driving. Injuries to the facial region can be profoundly disturbing and particularly in children. Parents find it very distressing to see their child in pain with a disfigured or injured face. It is difficult to manage such crying & sometimes uncontrollable children. The most commonlyinjuredfacialbonesareNasal,Zygomaticandthe Mandible. The incidence of facial bone fracture in children is uncommon, and we present a case report of an18-month old child with a history of road traffic accident and swelling on the right side of the face. Intraoral examination shows limited mouth opening with submucosal ecchymosis in the right buccal mucosa and based on clinical and computed tomographic scan working diagnosis of fracture in the right body of the mandible was arrived. The child was treated with the circum-mandibular wiring to stabilize the mandibular fracture under general anaesthesia. After three weeks the splint was removed. The injury healed without complications in the post-operativeperiod.

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Micro RNAs In Periodontal Disease – A Review

Mekha Grace Varghese ; Thomas George Valliaveettil ; Annie Kitty George ; Saranya Rajan

Annals of Dentistry.2020;27(1):11-21. doi:10.22452/adum.vol27no3

microRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a family of small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and protein expression. microRNAs have influence on a broad range of physiologic and pathologic conditions. They are also considered as promising biomarkers especially when they are secreted extracellularly. In the inflammatory pathways, they dysregulate the molecular processes and contribute to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases including periodontitis. In this review, we provide an overview of miRNA characteristics, biogenesis, mechanisms of action and profiling methods. In addition, the role of miRNAs in the pathobiology of periodontitis, especially those pertaining to the cellular and molecular pathways of inflammation has been considered to enhance our understanding of the pathobiology of periodontitis.

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Resin Template for Guiding Preparation in Resin Bonded Fixed Partial Denture – A Case Report

Leni Hadi ; Haslinda Z Tamin ; Ariyani ; Putri Welda UtamiRitonga

Annals of Dentistry.2020;27(1):22-27. doi:10.22452/adum.vol27no4

Resin Bonded Fixed Partial Denture (RBPFD) is a popular treatment for tooth preservation. Mechanical retention is a problem for RBFPD, where debonding is the main cause of failure. RBFPD preparation is minimal invasive. It removes undercut and tooth structure that supports retention so that single insertion guide can be achieved. This preparation was achieved by using surveyor on diagnostic cast, but there was a concern how to copy the surveyed cast to intraoral. Resin template method as a preparation guide was useful to avoid excessive tooth removal. RBFPD design was marked by using pencil on the diagnostic cast. The cast was surveyed to get the preparation designed and prepared by using milling device surveyor and burs. The template was made on the cast. Separator was applied and resin template was built along the margin until the occlusal line angle. The abutment teeth were etched and bonded. Bonding procedure was done on template. The template was placed on the teeth and polimerized. Abutment teeth preparation were done according to the cast with the bur contact simultaneously with the template’s margin and finishing line. Resin template has better accuration and adaptation, easier made and efficient, also prevent excessive tooth removal and control the preparation, mechanical retention can be achieved for RBFPD restoration longevity. Resin template is useful because preparation can be transfered from diagnostic cast to intraoral accurately.

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Pilomatrixoma of the Cheek – A Case Report

Mohd Khairul Anwar Mohd Tahir ; Anand Ramanathan ; George Boey Teik Foo ; Saravanan Gopalan ; Marzuki Bin Zainal Abidin ; Fairuz Abdul Rahman

Annals of Dentistry.2020;27(1):28-32. doi:10.22452/adum.vol27no5

Pilomatrixoma is an uncommon benign tumour arising from the matrix and inner sheath of a normal hair follicle as well as hair cortex. It is usually presented as a superficial, solitary, firm mass which is asymptomatic and slowly growing. It accounts for about 0.2% of all routine skin specimens and may poses a diagnostic challenge as it may resemble other common benign lesions found in the head and neck region. We report a case of a 33-year old men presented to us with a pilomatrixoma of the right cheek, surgical management and histological findings.

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