Journal Detail Information

1

Cite

Share

The Effect of Pentaspan on The Vascular Tone of The Isolated Rat Abdominal Aorta and Renal Artery.

Jung Kook SUH ; Joo Wan KIM ; Jong Hun JUN ; Jae Chul SHIM ; Kyoung Hun KIM ; Dong Ho LEE ; Kyo Sang KIM ; Hee Koo YOO ; Ik Sang SEUNG ; Se Ung CHON

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.1993;26(3):426-433. doi:10.4097/kjae.1993.26.3.426

The Pentaspan is a high molecular weight(250,000), hyperosmolar(320 mOsm/l) colloid solution and blood volume expander in clinical practice. Many researches revealed the decreasing of systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular resistance after Pentaspan administration in vivo. Some colloid solution is contraindicated in acute renal failure. We tried to confirm the direct effects of the Pentaspan and its mechanism on the abdominal aorta and renal artery in vitro. The rat abdominal aorta and renal artery were precontracted with norepinephrine(10(-7) M/1) in 50 ml Krebs solution and 5 ml Pentaspan was infused. Ten mininutes after, changes of the vascular tones were obtained. The results were as follows. 1) The vascular tones were significantly decreased in both vessels. 2) Abdominal aorta group, renal artery group and with or without endothelium group were not significant different each other. 3) The vascular tones were not affected by with or without endothelium, indomethacin and methylene blue pretreatment. Smooth muscles were induced relaxation by the Pentaspan infusion and the relaxation were not dependent to endothelium derived relaxing factor, prostanoid and cyclic guanosinemonophosphate.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Animals ; Aorta, Abdominal* ; Arteries ; Blood Volume ; Colloids ; Endothelium ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors ; Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives* ; Indomethacin ; Methylene Blue ; Muscle, Smooth ; Rats* ; Relaxation ; Renal Artery* ; Vascular Resistance

2

Cite

Share

An Experimental Study on the Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal with a Double Lumen Tube.

Si Wook SUNG ; Byung Moon HAM ; Il Yong KWAK

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.1993;26(3):412-425. doi:10.4097/kjae.1993.26.3.412

Intermittent positive pressure ventilation is used as a respiratory support for acute respiratroy failure. Adult respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) revealed mortality rate of 70% as yet. Hypoxemia is foremost problem in ARDS. Though various ventilatory support is tried on ARDS, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) is to be recommended when hypoxemia and hypercarbia are refractory to conventional treatments. Neonatal venoarterial (VA) ECMO in USA is recognized as a therapeutic modality for neonatal respiratory failure and extracorporeal carhon dioxide removal(ECCO2R) in Europe is used for adult respiratory distress syndome. The partial bypass using the membrane oxygenator aims at lung rest while relieving the hard ventilatory setting on the diseased lung. VA ECMO can provide circulatory support as well but the right internal jugular vein and the right common carotid artery are ligated for the cannulation of draiaage and perfusion catheters. Recent follow up study shows that VA ECMO may not be completely free from neurologic complications such as embolism in the systemic circulation and ill effects due to the reduction of blood supply to the immature lungs. ECCO2R adopts low-flow venovenous(VV) bypass. It has been reported to be valuable for treatment of neonatal respiratory failure. VV bypass provides gas exchange but no cardiac support. Venous drainage and perfusion catheters are placed in the right atrium or vena cavae via the femoral or internal jugular veins. Compared to VA bypass, the consequences of embolizations are potentially fewer, no major artery is sacrificed. Highly oxygenated blood flows into pulmonary eirculatiom which may relieve pulmonary artery hypertension. Total respiratory support may be obtained by VV bypass, VV bypass requires approximately 20-50% more flow for total respiratory sopport due to recirculation of oxygenated blood. Recently VV bypass is chosen for neonatal resyiratoty failure in USA. They alliveate the entry criteria for ECMO using the parameter of oxygenation index(OI). VV ECCO2R using to-and-fro system is tried also for neonatal respiratory failure in Europe. A double lumen tube was developed to reduce the number of veins to be cannulated during VV bypass. It is constructed with the outer drainage cannula( 14 Fr.) and the inner perfusion cannula( 8 Fr.) whose opening is placed on the left side of outer cannula. If perfusion opening is placed on the right atrium facing the right ventricle, the venous blood can be drained from both superior and inferior vena cavae through several drainage opening. To evaluate the effectiveness of ECCO2R with a double lumen tube, we developed an experimental model of acute respiratory failure on 8 mongrel dogs. Under general anesthesia with i.v, pentobarbital, a double lumen tube was introduced via the right internal jugular vein and it was connected with the extracorporeal circuit. Without ventilating the oxygenator during VV bypass, respiratory failure was induced by hypoventilation. After obtaining control hemodynamic and blood gas values under hypoventilation, we proceed to apneic oxygenation(AO), extracorporeal CO2 removal(ECCO2R) and controlled mechanical ventilation(CMV) in that order. Arterial pH in control was 7.180.09(meanSD), and it was increased to 7.33+/-0.08 and 7.28+/-0.08 in ECCO2R and CMV, respectively. PaCO2 in control was 69+/-9mmHg and it was decreased to 41+/-4mmHg and 47+/-7mmHg in ECCO R and CMV respectively. PaCO2 in control was 62+/-15 mmHg and it was increased in AO, ECCO2R and CMV. Mixed venous blood gas analysis showed the same result as arterial blood gas analysis. There was no difference between ECCO2R and CMV. The bypass flow enough to remove CO2 was 30-50% of cardiac output. It is concluded that ECCO2R using a double lumen tube was effective to control the carbon dioxide tension in arterial blood, and a double lumen tube may permit the simplicity of an operation and patient care as well as minimizing the bleeding during extracorporeal respiratory support.
Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Anoxia ; Arteries ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Carbon Dioxide* ; Carbon* ; Cardiac Output ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Dogs ; Drainage ; Embolism ; Europe ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ; Heart Atria ; Heart Ventricles ; Hemodynamics ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypertension ; Hypoventilation ; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation ; Jugular Veins ; Lung ; Membranes ; Models, Theoretical ; Mortality ; Oxygen ; Oxygenators ; Oxygenators, Membrane ; Patient Care ; Pentobarbital ; Perfusion ; Pulmonary Artery ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Veins ; Vena Cava, Inferior

3

Cite

Share

The Comparative Hemodynamic Changes of Sevoflurane with Halothane.

Hyun Soo KIM ; Kwang Min KIM ; Hyun CHOI ; Soon Eun PARK

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.1993;26(3):406-411. doi:10.4097/kjae.1993.26.3.406

No abstract available.
Anesthetics ; Halothane* ; Hemodynamics*

4

Cite

Share

Hemodynamic and Metabolic Changes during Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in Dogs.

Jong Seon MOON ; Chang Jun LEE ; Keun Man SHIN ; Soon Yong HONG ; Young Ryong CHOI ; Young Joo LEE

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.1993;26(3):389-405. doi:10.4097/kjae.1993.26.3.389

Skilled and experienced anestheia is of great importance for patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation, because of multiple preexisting medical problems in such patients as well as the intraoperative problems of rapid hemodynamic, metabolic, and coagulation changes. In this study, the intraoperative hemodynamic and laboratory data were analyzed in ten dogs that underwent an orthotopic liver transplantation procedure by veno-venous bypass using Biopump. Liver transplantation can be divided into three distinct periods: stage I, or preanhepatic stage, which begins with the induction of anesthesia and continues until cross clamping of portal vein and IVC; stage II, or anhepatic stage, which begins at the anhepatic time and continues until the donor liver is reperfused by the recipients circulating blood; and stage III, or postanhepatic stage, which begins at the time of reperfusion and continues until the end of surgical procedure. The hemodynamic changes at the time of IVC and portal vein cross clamping were decreases in CVP, PCWP, and pulmonary artery pressure in spite of using Biopump. The significant metabolic alternations during anhepatic stage were decrease in blood glucose levels and increase in blood lactate levels. The more significant hemodynamic changes occurred at the time of reperfusion. Systolic pressure decreased suddenly to 58+/-6 mmHg and cardiac output decreased to 1.08+/-0.1l L/min. However heart rate, pulmonary artery pressure, CVP, and PCWP did not change significantly. During stage III, hyperglycemia occurred quite frequently. Significant abnormal coagulation chages could not be found, probably because the dogs were healthy. In conclusion, during anhepatic stage, we have to compensate for alternations of fluid balance. At the time of reperfusion, we should prevent severe hemodynamic changes and treat them immediately if they occur. However, it seems that glucose administration is not necessary to the liver recipient during stage II because there is no significant hemodynamic depression due to hypoglycemia at this time and hyperglycemia occurs later.
Anesthesia ; Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiac Output ; Constriction ; Depression ; Dogs* ; Glucose ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Hypoglycemia ; Lactic Acid ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Portal Vein ; Pulmonary Artery ; Reperfusion ; Tissue Donors ; Water-Electrolyte Balance

5

Cite

Share

Penetration of Barbiturates into Model Membranes of Phospholipids Extracted from Brain Membranes.

Inn Se KIM ; Sun Yong BAIK ; Seong Wan BAIK ; Jae Young KWON ; Jin Woo KIM ; Kyoo Sub CHUNG

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.1993;26(3):383-388. doi:10.4097/kjae.1993.26.3.383

Barbiturates* ; Brain* ; Membranes* ; Phospholipids*

6

Cite

Share

The Penetration of Barbiturates into Model Membranes of Cholesterol plus Phospholipids Extracted from Brain Membranes.

Inn Se KIM ; Chun Eun KIM ; Jae Young KWON ; Hae Kyu KIM ; Kyoo Sub CHUNG

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.1993;26(3):377-382. doi:10.4097/kjae.1993.26.3.377

Barbiturates* ; Brain* ; Cholesterol* ; Membranes* ; Phospholipids*

7

Cite

Share

The Penetration Site of Barbiturates into Brain Membranes.

Inn Se KIM ; Sun Yong BAIK ; Seong Wan BAIK ; Hae Kyu KIM ; Yong Up KANG ; Kyoo Sub CHUNG

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.1993;26(3):370-376. doi:10.4097/kjae.1993.26.3.370

Barbiturates* ; Brain* ; Membranes*

8

Cite

Share

The Difference in the Tolerance of Left Ventricular Muscles of Young and Middle - aged Rats to Relative Hypoxia.

Sang Chul LEE ; Byung Moon HAM

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.1993;26(3):363-369. doi:10.4097/kjae.1993.26.3.363

Animals ; Anoxia* ; Muscles* ; Rats*

9

Cite

Share

Studies of G Protein Activation of Orphanin FQ in the Cerebrum, Thalamus and Spinal Cord of Monkeys.

Heeseung LEE ; Jong In HAN

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.2004;47(6):877-882. doi:10.4097/kjae.2004.47.6.877

BACKGROUND: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate [35S]GTP gamma S binding stimulated activation by orphanin FQ in monkey cerebral, thalamic, and spinal membranes. METHODS: A rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta, female, n = 1) was euthanized to obtain cerebral, thalamic, and spinal cord membrane preparations. In the orphanin FQ-stimulated [35S]GTP gamma S binding dose-response curve, EC50 (effective concentration 50, nanomolar) and maximum stimulation (% over basal) were determined in the absence or presence of each opioid receptor antagonist, namely, naloxone (20 nM), nor-BNI (3 nM), naltrindole (3 nM), or J-113397 (10 nM) antagonists of the micron-, kappa-, delta-, and nociceptin- opioid receptors respectively. RESULTS: The values of EC50 and maximum stimulation of [35S]GTP gamma S binding were as follows: cortex (5.1 +/- 1.4 nM / 55.6 +/- 8.2%), thalamus (8.5 +/- 1.3 nM / 27.8 +/- 4.9%), and spinal cord (11.3 +/- 0.2 nM / 15.2 +/- 4.5%). Maximum stimulation for these three membranes were significantly different (P < 0.05). J-113397 produced a 11.8 fold rightward shift in the OFQ-stimulated [35S]GTP gamma S binding dos0e-response curve, but the other opioid receptor antagonists had no effect. CONCLUSIONS: Maximum stimulation of [35S]GTP gamma S binding by OFQ in each membrane showed significantly different profiles, suggesting different pharmacologic efficacies by region. The OFQ-stimulated [35S]GTP gamma S bindings in this study were mediated via nociceptin-opioid peptide receptor stimulation.
Cerebrum* ; Female ; GTP-Binding Proteins* ; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate) ; Haplorhini* ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Membranes ; Naloxone ; Receptors, Opioid ; Receptors, Peptide ; Spinal Cord* ; Thalamus*

10

Cite

Share

Evaluation of the Interaction between Intrathecal 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Adenosine in the Formalin Test in a Rat Model.

Myung Ha YOON ; Hong Buem BAE ; Jeong Il CHOI

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.2004;47(6):870-876. doi:10.4097/kjae.2004.47.6.870

BACKGROUND: Spinal 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and adenosine have been shown to display an antinociceptive effect. The authors evaluated the characteristics of this drug interaction after the concurrent delivery of 5-HT and adenosine in combination at the spinal level. METHODS: Catheters were inserted into the intrathecal space of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Nociception was induced by subcutaneous injection of formalin solution (5%, 50microliter) into the hindpaw. Fixed dose analysis and isobolographic analysis were used to determine the properties of the interaction. RESULTS: Intrathecal 5-HT dose-dependently suppressed the flinching response during phase 1 of the formalin test, whereas adenosine failed to affect the phase 1 flinching response. Both drugs attenuated the phase 2 flinching response in a dose-dependent manner. The intrathecal combination of 5-HT with a fixed dose of adenosine in phase 1 increased the antinociception of 5-HT alone, and isobolographic analysis in phase 2 revealed a synergistic interaction between intrathecal 5-HT and adenosine. CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecal 5-HT reduced the facilitated pain state and acute pain. In contrast, intrathecal adenosine alone did not affect acute pain significantly, but attenuated the facilitated pain state. Furthermore, 5-HT interacted synergistically with adenosine at the spinal level. Thus, this combination may offer a potential remedy for the treatment of tissue injury pain.
Acute Pain ; Adenosine* ; Animals ; Catheters ; Drug Interactions ; Formaldehyde* ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Male ; Models, Animal* ; Nociception ; Pain Measurement* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin* ; Spinal Cord

DISPLAY OPTIONS

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share