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Moyamoya Disease: Difference of MR Findings between Children and Adults.

Journal of the Korean Radiological Society.1995;33(6):979-985. doi:10.3348/jkrs.1995.33.6.979

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether there are any differences in MR findings between the childhood and the adult moyamoya disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared the brain MR findings in 22 children (13 boys and 9 girls, 2-18 years of age) who had moyamoya disease with 15 adult patients (7 men and 8 women, 19-55 years of age). The MR findings were classified as parenchymal-(infarctions and intracranial hemorrhages) and vascular abnormalities (intracranial vascular patency and moyamoya vessels). The difference in each of these MR findings was analyzed using Chi-squaretest and Fisher's exact test (two-tailed). Out of 22 children, two children with normal MR finding were excluded from the statistical analysis. Moyamoya diseases were diagnosed angiographically in all adult patients. In children, they were diagnosed by MR imaging, MR angiography(6), and/or conventional cerebral angiography(18). RESULTS: In children, cerebral infarctions were observed in 20 of 22 patients (91%) (cortex 86%, periventricular white matter/centrum semiovale 32%, basal ganglia 10%). In two patients, there was no parenchymal abnormality. Intra-cranial hemorrhages were not demonstrated in any patients. In adults, intra-cranial hemorrhages(intracerebral hematoma, intraventricular hemorrhage, alone or combined) were demonstrated in 10 of 15 patients(67%). Cerebral infarctions with or without intracranial hemorrhage were detected in 10 of 15 patients(67%)(cortex 40%, periventricular white matter/centrum semiovale 53%, basal ganglia 20%). The difference in parenchymal abnormalities between the childhood and the adult moyamoya disease was statistically significant (p=0. 000164). There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the occlusive changes of the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries or to moyamoya vessels(p> 0.01 ). CONCLUSION: This study could prove the fact that the principal clinical symptoms in the childhood moyamoya disease were due to cerebral infarction and those in the adult cases were due to infarction and intracranial hemorrhage. In addition, cortical infarction was more prevalent in children and infarction in periventricular white matter/centrum semivoale and basal ganglia was more frequentin adults. There was no significant difference in vascular abnormalities between the two groups.
Adult* ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Cerebral Infarction ; Child* ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Moyamoya Disease* ; Vascular Patency

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MRI of Cauda Equina Syndrome in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case Report.

Ji Yang KIM ; PiI Yeob CHOI ; Young Soon SUNG ; Jae Soo KWON

Journal of the Korean Radiological Society.1995;33(6):975-977. doi:10.3348/jkrs.1995.33.6.975

Cauda equina syndrome is a rare neurologic complication in patient with long-standing ankylosing spondylitis. Authors report a case of cauda equina syndrome. in ankylosing spondylitis. On plain radiographs, typical "bamboo spine" and fusion of sacroiliac joints were noted. MRI of the lumbar spine revealed arachnoid diverticulae which were isointense to cerebrospinal fluid on all spin echo sequences, and showed bony erosion and scalloping of posterior arches.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Cauda Equina* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Pectinidae ; Polyradiculopathy* ; Sacroiliac Joint ; Spine ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing*

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MR Classification of Tear Types and Popliteous Muscle Attachments in Lateral Disccid Menisci.

Kyung Nam RYU ; Jin Whan AHN

Journal of the Korean Radiological Society.1995;33(6):967-973. doi:10.3348/jkrs.1995.33.6.967

PURPOSE: To determine the types of meniscal tears and type of popliteal muscle attachment in lateral disccid menisci. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images from 40 patients with arthroscopically proven disccid meniscal tears were reviewed. The type of capsular attachment of the popliteal muscle in these patients was compared with 100 normal controls. Fourteen men and 26 women were included in this study ranging in age from 8 to 52 yea rs. RESULTS: Disccid mensical tears were divided into five types. Arthroscopic cor- relation revealed that thirty-six cases(90%) of disccid meniscal tears were cor- rectly diagnosed using MR imaging. Peripheral tear wasthe commonest tear type occurring in 13 patients. In 9 of these the meniscal fragment was displaced. Hori- zontal tears occurred in 5, longitudinal tears in 4 and transverse tears in 2 patients. Multiple tears were present in 16 patients with the commonest combi- nation of peripheral and horizontal. Popliteal capsular attachments of disccid mensical tears were more prominent than in the normal control group. CONCLUSION: The types of tears in disccid menisci were different from normal meniscal tears. Peripheral detachment with displacement of torn segments was a very frequent finding in disccid mensical tears. Prominent capsular attachment of popliteal muscles is probably an associated finding in disccid menisci.
Classification* ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Muscles

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Surface Image of Normal Intervertebral Disc on 3 Dimensional CT.

Chang Hoon JEON ; Kyung Il CHUNG ; Jung Ho SUH

Journal of the Korean Radiological Society.1995;33(6):961-966. doi:10.3348/jkrs.1995.33.6.961

PURPOSE: To evaluate surface configuration of intervertebral disc on three dimensional CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three dimensional surface images reconstructed from CTscans(1 mm thick) of 20discs in 14 healthy adults were reviewed. Disc surface was classified into peripheral and central zones in contact with consecutive peripheral ring and central endplate. Local irregularity incidence, pattern in radial, concentric, or mixed form, size, location, and extension were observed. Incidence and severity ranges in 4 grades of general irregularity, and peripheral width relative to central radius were evaluated. RESULTS: Normal disc mostly showed smooth surface with few display of small local irregularity(6/20) which was mainly radial in pattern(4/5), posterolaterally located(4/6), and confined within peripheral zone(5/6). General irregularity displayed(5/20) was all grade I and peripheral width was 0.82 of central radius. CONCLUSION: Normal disc shows smooth surface but few may display small local irregularity maybe due to very early degenerative change.
Adult ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intervertebral Disc* ; Radius

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Imaging of Subepithelial Hematoma of Renal Pelvis (Antopol-Goldman Lesion) Simulating Tumor: A Case Report.

Se Joong KIM ; Hoon JI ; Kwang Hwa PARK ; Eun Ju LEE ; Jung Ho SUH ; Doo Kyoung KANG

Journal of the Korean Radiological Society.1995;33(6):957-960. doi:10.3348/jkrs.1995.33.6.957

We report a rare case of subepithelial hematoma of the renal pelvis (AntopoI-Goldman Lesion). A 55-year-old women visited our hospital because of gross hematuria. Ultrasonogram showed a 4cm well-defined solid mass of the left renal pelvis. Intravenous pyelography revealed compression of the left upper pelvicocalyceal system by the mass with contrast filling within the mass. CT scan revealed Iobulated well defined mass in the left renal pelvis extending into renal parenchyme. A transitional cell carcinoma or renal cell carcinoma was suspected radiologically, and the patient underwent left total nephrectomy. In pathology, the lesion turned out to be a subepithelial hemaroma. In the differential diagnosis of renal malignancy, a subepithelial hematoma of the renal pelvis may be included.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hematoma* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis* ; Middle Aged ; Nephrectomy ; Pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Urography

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Correlation of CT Findings and Pathologic Nuclear Grading in Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Jong Chul KIM ; Bin Young JUNG

Journal of the Korean Radiological Society.1995;33(6):949-955. doi:10.3348/jkrs.1995.33.6.949

PURPOSE: To correlate the CT findings of renal cell carcinomas with nuclear grading in histopathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Preoperative CT scans and pathologic nuclear grading of 60 surgically resected renal cell carcinomas in 55 patients were retrospectively and independently reviewed. RESULTS: As nuclear grade increased, renal cell carcinomas were more likely to be of higher stage(92% of nuclear grade III renal cell carcinomas was of stage Ill, all Grade IV tumors were of stage IIIb or higher) and greater size(84% of grade III tumors and 100% of grade IV tumors>5cm in size) at presentation, and appeared more heterogeneous(84% of grade III tumors and 88% of grade IV tumors showed moderate or severe heterogeneity) and less well marginated(84% of grade Ill tumors and 100% of grade IV tumors had irregular or imperceptible margins). CONCLUSION: Small well-marginated homogeneous renal cell carcinomas were either nuclear grade I or II, and were distinguishable from the more aggressive nuclear grade III or IV lesions, which generally displayed irregular margins and greater inhomogeneity.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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Chemical Dissolution of Intrahepatic Stones in Vitro.

Young Goo KIM ; Kun Sang KIM ; Jong Beum LEE ; Hyung Jin SHIM ; Sang Shin JOO ; Kyung H LEE ; Byung Gook KWAK ; Su Kyoung CHAE ; Hymn Mee PARK

Journal of the Korean Radiological Society.1995;33(6):945-948. doi:10.3348/jkrs.1995.33.6.945

PURPOSE: The in vitro dissolution of intrahepatic stones was evaluated using the various solvent mixtures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty four intrahepatic stones from 16 patients were used. Four kinds of solvent mixtures(No. 1 = basic buffer + EDTA, No. 2=1 + Sulfobetain-12, No. 3=2 + N-acetylcysteine, No. 4=3 + urea) were used. Dissolution rates were determined by measuring the weight loss of stones after 6, 12, 24, 48 hours incubation periods, respectively. RESULTS: The highest dissolution rates in dissolving intrahepatic stones were achieved with No. 4 solvent mixture(1% W/V EDTA/80mM, Sulfobetain-12/1 M, urea, pH 9.5). CONCLUSION: lntrahepatic stones could be largely dissolved up to about 70% of their initial weight after 48 hours incubation period in vitro.
Acetylcysteine ; Edetic Acid ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Urea ; Weight Loss

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Helical CT Cholangiography with Multiplanar Reformation: Utility in Patients with Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction.

Heoung Keun KANG ; Jae Kyu KIM ; Hyon De CHUNG ; Woong YOON ; Heoung Kil KIM ; Yun Hyun KIM ; Yong Yeon JEONG

Journal of the Korean Radiological Society.1995;33(6):939-944. doi:10.3348/jkrs.1995.33.6.939

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of the CT cholangiography by using helical CT with multiplanar reformation in patients with extrahepatic biliary obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Helical CT was performed in 36 patients of extrahepatic biliary obstruction confirmed by operation or invasive cholangiography(percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography or endoscopic retrograde cholagiopancreatography). The cause of obstructions were 18 benign diseases(11 common bile duct stones, four choledochal cysts, three pancreatitis) and 18 malignant diseases(seven common bile duct carcinomas, seven pancreatic head carcinomas, three ampullary carcinomas, one periampullary duodenal carcinoma). After helical scanning through the extrahepatic bile duct, retrospective reconstruction of the helical data was performed. And then, CT cholagiogram was obtained with multiplanar reformation. We evaluated the technical success rate and the accuracy in determinating the level and the cause of the obstruction. We compared findings of the CT cholangiogram with that of operation or invasive cholangiography. RESULTS: In 100%(36/36) of cases, CT cholangiography could be obtained successfully. The accuracy of the CT cholangiography in determinating the level of the obstruction was 100%(11 cases of suprapancreatic duct, 13 cases of intrapancreatic duct, 13 cases of infrapancreatic duct and ampulla), and the accuracy in determinating the cause of the obstruction was 91.7%(all cases of 18 benign diseases, and 15 cases of 18 malignant diseases). CONCLUSION: In evaluating the obstruction of extrahepatic bile ducts, the CT cholangiography by using helical CT with multiplanar reformation is an useful noninvasive method in determinating the level.and the cause of biliary obstruction and therefore could replace t~e invasive cholangiography.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Cholangiography* ; Choledochal Cyst ; Common Bile Duct ; Head ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Spiral Computed*

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Non-obstructive Biliary Dilatation After Gastrectomy for Gastric Carcinoma.

Nak Kwan SUNG ; Ok Dong KIM ; Young Hwan LEE ; Hag Young CHEONG ; Kyoo Hyun OH ; Cheong Man LEE ; Won Hun LEE ; Duk Soo CHEONG

Journal of the Korean Radiological Society.1995;33(6):933-937. doi:10.3348/jkrs.1995.33.6.933

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence,. degree, and clinical significance of non-obstructive intrahepatic bile duct di'latation encountered on follow up CT after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed follow-up abdominal CT of 65 patients who had undergone gastrectomy with truncal vagotomy and subtotal gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. We classified those patients who showed intrahepatic duct dilatation into non-obstructive or obstructive groups depending on the presence or absence of the lesions obstructing the duct. We also evaluated the incidence, degree and pattern, and appearance time of non-obstructive type of duct dilatation. RESULTS: Non-obstructive and obstructive biliary dilatations were present in 8 cases(12.3%) and 9 cases(13. 8%), respectively. The degree of non-obstructive group was mild in 6 cases(75%) and moderate in 2 cases (25%) who had taken cholecystectomy during the follow up period, and patterns were proportional dilatation of the central and peripheral intrahepatic ducts. It appeared on follow up CT obtained 6 to 12 months after operation in 7 cases and 3.5 months in one case. No statistical significance was noted between the type of surgery and the incidence of non-obstructive dilatation(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Mild dilatation of the central intrahepatic ducts without evidence of mechanical biliary obstruction can be seen on follow-up CT obtained more than 6 months after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma, and the incidence is about 12%. We think that this finding is non-obstructive and clinical evaluation is unnecessary.
Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Cholecystectomy ; Dilatation* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vagotomy, Truncal

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MR Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint in Patient with Acute Mandibular Condylar Fracture.

Il Soon PARK ; Jae Boem NA ; Su Jin KANG ; Jae Hyoung KIM ; Jin Jong YOU ; Sang Hwy LEE ; Il Hyun KIM

Journal of the Korean Radiological Society.1999;41(3):461-466. doi:10.3348/jkrs.1999.41.3.461

PURPOSE: To analyze various MR imaging findings and thus evaluate the usefulness of MR imaging of the tem-poromandibular joint in patient with acute mandibular condylar fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR imaging was performed within 1week after trauma in 25 patients (total joints s-tudied=31) in whom condylar fracture had been diagnosed by simple radiographs. We analyzed the signal intensity of bone marrow and disk, displacement of bone fragment and disk, deformity. In addition, MRI findings of retrodiskal tissue, joint capsule and joint effusion were eualuated. RESULTS: No abnormal signal intensity was noted in bone marrow or disk. Displacement of a condylar fracture fragment was observed in 24 joints(77 %) (anteromedial, 63 %; medial, 25 %; anterior, 4%; anterolateral, 4 % ; and lateral, 4 %). Disk displacement occurred in 23 joints(74 %) (anteromedial, 65 %; medial, 9 %; anterior, 18%; anterolateral, 4 %; and lateral, 4 %). In 17 joints (55 %) the disk was displaced along with the fractured condylar fragment, and disk deformity was noted in five joints(16 %). MR imaging (T2WI) revealed a capsular tear(n=1), joint effusion(n=26), and high signal intensity in the retrodiskal tissue(n=6). CONCLUSION: MR imaging provided information concerning condylar fragments, disks, retrodiskal tissue, capsules, and joint effusion. In patients with acute mandibular condylar fracture, MRI is therefore useful for evaluation of the temporomandibular joint.
Bone Marrow ; Capsules ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Joint Capsule ; Joints ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Temporomandibular Joint*

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