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Eagle's syndrome: report of two cases using computed tomography.

Sul Mi LEE ; Hyuk Rok KWON ; Hang Moon CHOI ; In Woo PARK

Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.2002;32(2):119-122.

Two cases of Eagle's syndrome are reported. The first case involved a 31-year-old man who complained of pain in his throat and pain at preauricular area on turning his head. Panoramic and computed tomography (CT) views showed bilateral stylohyoid ligament ossification. The symptoms were relieved after surgical removal. The second case involved a 56-year-old female whose chief complaints were a continuous dull pain and occasional "shooting" pain on lower left molar area. During the physical examination, an ossified stylohyoid ligament was palpated at the left submandibular area. Panoramic and CT images showed prominent bilateral stylohyoid ligament ossification. CT scans also showed hypertrophy of left medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. The symptoms were relieved after medication. CT is a useful tool for the examination of ossified stylohyoid ligaments and studying the relationship between Eagle's syndrome and adjacent soft tissue.
Adult ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Ligaments ; Middle Aged ; Molar ; Pharynx ; Physical Examination ; Pterygoid Muscles ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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Relation between shape of the articular eminence and disc displacement in the temporomandibular joint.

Heung Ki LEE ; Eui Hwan HWANG ; Sang Rae LEE

Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.2001;31(3):145-151.

PURPOSE: To investigate the hypothesis that the morphology of the articular eminence of the temporomandibular joint is a predisposing factor for disc displacement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of 126 temporomandibular joints in 94 patients were analyzed to assess for morphology of the articular eminence and disc displacement. The displaced disc was further categorized as disc displacement with reduction (DDWR) and disc displacement without reduction (DDWOR). The morphology of the articular eminence was classified into four types; box, sigmoid, flattened, and deformed. The relationship between the four types of shape of the articular eminence and the two types of disc position was assessed. RESULTS: In the DDWR and DDWOR groups, the morphology of articular eminence were a box type in 40.5%, a sigmoid type in 30.2%, a flattened type in 24.6%, and a deformed type in 4.7%. The box type of the articular eminence were 34.3% in the DDWR group and 42.9% in the DDWOR group. The sigmoid type of the articular eminence were 34.3% in the DDWR group and 28.6% in the DDWOR group. The flattened type of the articular eminence were 28.6% in the DDWR group and 23.1% in the DDWOR group. The deformed type of articular eminence were 2.9% in the DDWR group and 5.5% in the DDWOR group. CONCLUSION: Disc displacement is more likely to be found in the temporomandibular joints with a box-shaped articular eminence. It can be considered that shape of the articular eminence is related to the development of disc displacement.
Causality ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; Temporomandibular Joint*

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The effect of retinoic acid on radiosensitivity analyzed by linear-quadratic model and apoptosis in head and neck squamous carcinoma cell lines.

Eun Sook LEE ; Bum Hyun KANG ; Min Suk HEO ; Sam Sun LEE ; Hyun Bae CHOI ; Soon Chul CHOI ; Tae Won PARK

Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.2001;31(3):135-143.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of all-trans-retinoic acid on radiosensitivity and radiation-induced apoptosis in NHOK, HEp-2 and FaDu cell lines. Material and Methods : We measured the changes in survival fraction at 2 Gy (SF2), alpha and beta after treatment of retinoic acid (1 microM) prior to irradiation with doses of 2, 4, 6 and 10 Gy and correlated the radiosensitizing effect of retinoic acid with them. Also, apoptosis induction was assayed with the flow cytometry on days 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 after irradiation (2, 10 and 20 Gy) combined with retinoic acid. Results and CONCLUSION: SF2 values for NHOK, HEp-2 and FaDu cell lines were 0.54, 0.64 and 0.41, respectively and the cell line of FaDu was the most radiosensitive. For cell lines of NHOK and HEp-2, pretreatment of cells with retinoic acid resulted in a significant decrease of the SF2 values. The alpha/betaratios of x-ray survival curve were 8.714 (NHOK), 4.098 (HEp-2) and 11.79 (FaDu). The alpha/beta ratio for NHOK decreased on pretreatment with retinoic acid, whereas those for HEp-2 and FaDu increased. Radiation induced apoptosis in all cell lines but, retinoic acid did not affect the apoptosis.
Apoptosis* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cell Line* ; Flow Cytometry ; Head* ; Neck* ; Radiation Tolerance* ; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents ; Tretinoin*

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A comparative study of the quantitative assessment on the panoramic and intraoral radiographs.

Jae Duk KIM

Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.2001;31(3):129-133.

PURPOSE: To compare the copper equivalent values measured at premolar and molar areas in the copper equivalent images of panoramic and intraoral radiographs and to evaluate the possibility of the copper equivalent images of panorama for the assessment the bone density. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Intraoral radiograms at mandibular premolar and molar area and panoramas of 6 human dry skulls were taken with copper-step wedge by Heliodent MD (Siemens Co., Germany) and by Planmeca (PM 2002 CC, Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland) were used for experiment. The copper equivalent values measured at premolar and molar areas in the copper equivalent im ages of panorama and intraoral film were compared. RESULTS: The copper equivalent values were ranged 0.20 mmCu-0.44 mmCu at the molar areas, 0.05 mmCu-0.31 mmCu at the premolar areas on panoramic images. There were no significant differences (p>0.5) between the copper equivalent values on intraoral images and those on panoramic images measured at premolar areas and molar areas respectively. The correlation coefficient between the copper equivalent values on intraoral images and those on panoramic images was respectively 0.8495 at molar areas and 0.6184 at premolar areas. CONCLUSIONS: The copper equivalent images of panorama for the assessment the bone density appeared to be significant at molar area compared with the one of intraoral radiograph.
Bicuspid ; Bone Density ; Copper ; Densitometry ; Humans ; Molar ; Radiography ; Skull

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Rhabdomyosarcoma of masticator space.

Wan LEE ; Chang Jin LEE ; Young Han SONG ; Byeong Do LEE

Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.2001;31(4):241-245.

A 16-year-old female was admitted to Wonkwang dental hospital with a chief complaint of painful ulceration on right buccal mucosa around mandibular 3rd molar area. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed relative large soft tissue mass on the infratemporal fossa and masseter muscle region. By the feature of T1-weighted and T2-weighted of MR imaging, we suspected this mass as a kind of myogenic sarcoma. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies established a definitive diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. A review of the literature was also presented.
Adolescent ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Masseter Muscle ; Molar ; Mouth Mucosa ; Rhabdomyosarcoma* ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal ; Sarcoma ; Ulcer

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Positional and morphologic changes of the temporomandibular joint disc using magnetic resonance imaging.

Hyoun Suk AHN ; Su Beom CHO ; Kwang Joon KOH

Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.2001;31(4):235-240.

PURPOSE: To evaluate displacement and morphologic changes of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc in patient with internal derangement using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and forty five MR images of TMJs in 73 patients were evaluated. Positional and morphologic changes of the TMJ discs were assessed. Lateral or medial disc displacement was also evaluated on coronal images. RESULTS: Among 63 discs with anterior disc displacement, 37 discs were assessed as a biconcave disc and 21 as a deformed disc. Rotational disc displacement was observed in 35 discs. Anteromedial disc displacement was observed in 29 discs, and anterolateral direction in 6 discs. Among 35 rotational displacement, 5 biconcave discs and 21 deformed discs were observed. CONCLUSION: Rotational and sideways displacement of TMJ discs were found to be common and an important aspect of internal derangement. This study also suggests that sagittal and coronal images of the TMJ have complementary abilities for an assessment of joint abnormality.
Humans ; Joints ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc* ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; Temporomandibular Joint*

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Apoptosis in the craniofacial tissues of irradiated growing rats.

Min Suk HEO ; Hang Moon CHOI ; Sam Sun LEE ; Soon Chul CHOI ; Tae Won PARK

Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.2001;31(4):227-233.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the apoptosis induction in tissues constituting the craniofacial region of growing rat by irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The submandibular gland, brain, articular cartilage of condylar head, and calvarium were extracted from 20-day-old rats irradiated 10 Gy. Apoptosis of each tissue was examined by DNA fragmentation and estimated quantitatively using apoptotic index on TUNEL assay. Apoptotic index of each tissue was calculated by the equation for apoptotic cells/total cells X1,000 on the images of confocal laser scanning microscopy. Apoptotic index was analyzed statistically according to the time lapse after irradiation on the tissues. RESULTS: In the submandibular gland, apoptotic index was significantly increased from 6 hours after irradiation showing the highest value at 12 hours and decreased to the control level at 3 days after irradiation. In the brain, apoptotic index was abruptly reached to the maximum value at 6 hours after irradiation and decreased to the control level at 4 days after irradiation. Articular cartilage and calvarium showed no or little apoptotic signals. The results obtained by the apoptotic index accorded with that of DNA fragmentation. CONCLUSION: Radiation was closely related with the apoptosis of submandibular gland and brain but, not related with the apoptosis of the articular cartilage of condylar head and calvarium. The changes induced by radiation of the hard tissues would not be explained by apoptosis.
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Brain ; Cartilage, Articular ; DNA Fragmentation ; Head ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Rats* ; Skull ; Submandibular Gland

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Observation of bilaminar zone in magnetic resonance images of temporomandibular joint.

Kyung Soo NAH

Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.2001;31(4):221-225.

PURPOSE: To observe the relationship of bilaminar zone of temporomandibular joint retrodiscal tissues to the disc condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The upper and lower stratum of bilaminar zone were identified on magnetic resonance open mouth images of 148 joints from 74 patients with disc displacements. RESULTS: Both strata were identifiable in 105 joints which had disc displacement with reduction. Lower stratum was not identifiable in 35 joints which had disc displacement without reduction but 12 of 35 had hyalinized posterior attachment where the disc was. The 8 joints which had partial disc displacement without reduction showed identifiable lower stratum at the reducing site which was medial. CONCLUSION: Disruption or no identification of lower stratum which corresponds to the condylar portion of posterior attachment may be the sign of disc displacement without reduction.
Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Joints ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mouth ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; Temporomandibular Joint*

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The absorbed doses from each exposure program of the Orthopos(R) panoramic machine.

Soon Chul CHOI ; Sul Mi LEE

Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.2001;31(4):215-219.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to estimate the radiation absorbed doses in certain critical organs in the head and neck region with 16 imaging programs available on the Orthopos(R) panoramic machine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Rando phantom and LiF TLD chips were used for dosimetry. The absorbed doses were measured at the thyroid gland, the submandibular gland, the parotid gland, the mouth floor, the maxillary sinus, the brain, the mandibular body, the mandibular ramus, the 2nd cervical spine and the skin over TMJ area. RESULTS: The overall absorbed doses with imaging programs available on the Orthopos(R) panoramic machine were much less than that of standard program (program 1) except program 8, 11, and 16. Generally, the absorbed doses to the bone marrow of the mandibular ramus and the parotid gland were high, but the absorbed doses to the bone marrow in the mandibular body, brain, maxillary sinus, and, especially, the thyroid gland were very low. CONCLUSION: The modified imaging programs available on the Orthopos(R) panoramic machine can be effectively used in aspect of radiation protection.
Bone Marrow ; Brain ; Head ; Maxillary Sinus ; Mouth Floor ; Neck ; Parotid Gland ; Radiation Protection ; Radiography ; Skin ; Spine ; Submandibular Gland ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Thyroid Gland

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Relationship between the condyle and adjacent structures in double temporomandibular joint view using panorama.

Chang Yul LEE ; Jae Duk KIM

Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.2001;31(4):209-214.

PURPOSE: To investigate the ability of double TMJ view by multifunctional panorama to view the bony components and the space of the temporomandibular joint. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten dry skulls fitted with resin shims over the articular surface of the condyle were used to reproduce the temporomandibular joint space. Fine metal wires were attached to the three portions of contours of the condylar head and the articular eminence. With 10 dry skulls and 20 cases having TMJ dysfunction, double TMJ views by multifunctional panorama (Planmeca 2002 Proline CC) and transcranial views were taken, analyzed from the anatomical view point, and compared statistically in view of the widths of the posterior joint space and the condylar head. RESULTS: In double TMJ view, the supero-anterior part of the condyle represented the lateral 1/3, the most superior part represented center portion, and the posterior part medial 1/3 of the condyle. In maximum mouth opening, no other structures were superimposed with the condyle in double TMJ view. In double TMJ view, petrous bone was moderately superimposed with the superior part of the condyle and the posterior increment of angle exposure made wider the images of the articular eminence and the condyle. The tendency of reduction in the posterior joint space appeared in the side of TMJ dysfunction compared with the normal side. The posterior joint spaces in double TMJ view were statistically wider (p<0.05) than those in transcranial view. The correlation coefficient was 0.5179 between the widths of the posterior joint spaces in two radiographic views. CONCLUSIONS: Double TMJ view can be substituted for transcranial view in evaluating the TMJ dysfunction.
Head ; Joints ; Mandibular Condyle ; Mouth ; Petrous Bone ; Proline ; Radiography ; Skull ; Temporomandibular Joint*

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