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Long-term Follow-up of Trabeculotomy in Congenital Glaucoma.

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.1998;39(3):539-543.

The introduction of a microsurgical technique in the trabeculotomy abexterno led to further improvement in the control of intraocular pressure of congenital glaucoma. We assessed the long-term efficacy of trabeculotomy and visual outcomes of congenital glaucoma patients who underwent trabeculotomy. The mean follow-up period was 5.5 years(ranging from 4.5 to 8.0 years). The operation was successful in 15 eyes after a single procedure; all the 4 failed eyes underwent the same operation again and the second operation was successful in all cases. Final success was 14 eyes. Average reduction of the intraocular pressure achieved by trabeculotomy was 13.6+/-9.0mmHg. The associated ocular disorder of congenital glaucoma included Haabs striae in 11 eyes(61.1%) and amblyopia in 3 eyes and astigmatism in 1 eye, optic atrophy in 1 eye, anisometropia in 1 case and strabismus 1 case. In long-term follow-up, the visual acuities were more than 0.4 in 12 eyes and less than 0.4 in 6 eyes. In conclusion, Amblyopia should be appropriately treated, as well as increased intraocular pressure in congenital glaucoma patients.
Amblyopia ; Anisometropia ; Astigmatism ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Optic Atrophy ; Strabismus ; Trabeculectomy* ; Visual Acuity

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Experimental Retianl Vein Occlusion in Albino Rats.

Don Il HAM ; Seong Jun KIM ; Seok Joon PARK ; Kwang CHANG ; Hum CHUNG

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.1998;39(3):530-538.

The retinal vein occlusion is one of the most common, vision-threatening retinal diseases, and the establishment of animal model in rats will be of great help for further study. We occluded retinal veins with rose bengal dye injection followed by argon green laser photocoagulation in albino rats and confirmed the occlusion of veins with fluorescein angiography one hour after photocoagulation. We occluded half of an all of major retinal veins in 12 eyes, respectively. After 1-2 weeks of follow-up, histologic examinations were done. Eyes which underwent occlusion of all major retinal veins showed severe retinal atrophy and preretinal neovas-cularization developed in two eyes. Eyes which underwent occlusion of half of retinal veins showed relatively less damage and the number of retinal ganglion cells was significantly reduced in occluded area than that in control area (P=0.0033), which might represent the ischemic damage of inner retina. We expect that it will be possible to establish an animal model of retinal vein occlusion in albino rats using this method.
Animals ; Argon ; Atrophy ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Light Coagulation ; Models, Animal ; Rats* ; Retina ; Retinal Diseases ; Retinal Ganglion Cells ; Retinal Vein ; Retinal Vein Occlusion ; Retinaldehyde ; Rose Bengal ; Veins*

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Clinical Evaluation of Vitrectomy with Silicone Oil Comparison of Different Viscosity.

Man Seong SEO ; Seon Taek LIM ; Sang Woo PARK

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.1998;39(3):521-529.

We analyzed the surgical result of pars plana vitrectomy using silicone oil tamponade and evaluated the effect of different silicone oil viscosity on the result. Of all 66 patients, 48 were male and their mean age was 45.9 years. The most common underlying disease was proliferative vitreoretinopathy (29 patients) and 54 patients (81.9%) had visual acuity of 5/200 or less. Mean follow-up period was 8.94 months. Twenty eight patients had undertaken two or more vitreoretianl surgeries. Anatomical and functional success was achieved in 57 (86.4%) and 31 patients (47.0%), respectively. Complications included hypotony (7 patients), increased intraocular pressure (6 patients), keratopathy (4 patients) and closure of inferior iridectomy (3 patients) on the last follow-up. There was statistically significant correlation between preoperative and final visual acuity (p=0.0001), anatomical success and improvement of visual acuity (p=0.0057), and frequency of vitreoretinal surgery and final visual acuity (p=0.0143). There was no statistically significant difference in the surgical result between eyes using 1,000 cSt and 5,000 cSt silicone oil. This result suggests silicone oil injection may effectively support the surgical treatment of intractible retinal detachment. However, difference of its viscosity seems to make little effect on the surgical result.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iridectomy ; Male ; Retinal Detachment ; Silicone Oils* ; Viscosity* ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreoretinal Surgery ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative

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Effects of the Center-Surround Light Stimuli on the Catfish Retianl Neurons.

Sung Jong LEE ; Hae Kyoung HAN ; So Yeon LEE ; Chang Sub JUNG ; Sun Ho BAI

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.1998;39(3):509-520.

For the investigation of the receptive field of the retinal neurons, the spatial and temporal properties of horizontal cells and the center-surround antagonisms of bipolar cells and the third-order neurons were studied using conventional intracellular recording techniques. Horizontal cells were hyperpolarized by the large annulus light stimuli (id: 3.5mm) and required at least 0.2 seconds of dark periods to respond enough. The amplitudes of the response of the ON-bipolar cell were decreased as the diameter of the spot stimuli was increased to 2.6mm and the responses were inverted at 2.6mm of inner diameter of the spreading annulus stimuli with fixed width. ON-sustained cell with spikes generated ON-sustained light responses by small annulus (1400-2100micrometer), but elicited OFF-sustained responses by large annulus (2100-2800micrometer). ON-sustained cell without spikes also showed surround antagonism. The spikes were generated at the spot of 490micrometer diameter and they were disappeared at the spot of 5600micrometer diameter. And, OFF-transient component of the ON-OFF transient cell was enhanced as annulus stimuli spread. The results suggest that the horizontal cells have large and monotonic receptive fields while the bipolar cells and the ON-sustained cells have large biphasic receptive fields in the catfish retina.
Catfishes* ; Neurons* ; Retina ; Retinal Neurons

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Clinical Evaluation of Intravitreal Manipulation on Posteriorly Dislocated Crystalline Lens with Intact Capsule.

Man Seong SEO ; Sun Taek LIM ; Whan Jun CHOI

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.1998;39(3):501-508.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreally removing the crystalline lens completely dislocated into the vitreous cavity with intact capsule, we reviewed the patients undergone pars plana vitrectomy for the treatment of intravitreal crystalline lens. The crystalline lenses were spontaneously dislocated in 4 and traumatically dislocated in 10 of all 14 eyes. Combined ocular conditions were 10 eyes of cataract, 5 of vitreous hemorrhage, 5 of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and 2 of iridodialysis. All 14 eyes had undergone pars plana vitrectomy, intravitreal removal of the crystalline lens and scleral fixation of the intraocular lens whereas 3 had undergone trabeculectomy, 2 retinal cryopexy and injection of sulfur hexafluoride intraocular gas, and 1 iridoplasty. The lens was aspirated only with vitrectomy cutter in 1 eye; phacofragmentor was used in 13 eyes and perfluorocarbone liquid was injected in 5 eyes. Mean follow-up time was 7.42 months. On the last follow-up, visual acuity was 0.5 or better in 11 eyes and counting fingers in 1 eye with optic nerve atrophy. Retinal detachment was never found, and increased IOP sustained in 1 eye. The result suggests intravitreal removal of the crystalline lens combined with pars plana vitrectomy seems effective and safe.
Atrophy ; Cataract ; Crystallins* ; Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Lens Subluxation ; Lens, Crystalline* ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Optic Nerve ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Sulfur Hexafluoride ; Trabeculectomy ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

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Comparison of Surgically Induced Astigmatism between Superior and Temporal Clear Corneal Incision in Sutureless Cataract Surgery.

Young Jae HU ; Kyung Heon LEE ; Choun Ki JOO

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.1998;39(3):495-500.

Postoperative changes of keratometric astigmatism were analysed in 137 cases of phacoemulsification and foldable silicone posterior chamber lens implantation using clear corneal incision. The subjects were divided into two groups; Group 1 comprised 36 eyes which underwent surgery using a superior approach, Group 2 comprised 101 eyes which underwent surgery using a temporal approach. Surgically induced keratometric astigmatism in Group 1 was -1.14+/-1.02 diopter(D) at one day, -0.98+/-1.03 D at one week, -0.58+/-0.94 D at two months after operation, and in Group 2 was 0.69+/-0.97 D at one day, 0.96+/-1.08 at one week, 0.63+/-0.68 at two months after operation. The difference of absolute astigmatism between two groups was statistically significant(p<0.05) at one day after operation. But there was no statistically significant difference at one week and two months after operation. Temporal incision induced less astigmatism than superior incision temporarily in cataract surgery using clear corneal incision.
Astigmatism* ; Cataract* ; Phacoemulsification ; Silicones

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Corneal Endothelial Cell Change after Small Incision Cataract Surgery.

Young Jin PARK ; Gi Jung AN ; Chang Ha WOO

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.1998;39(3):487-494.

Recently phacoemulsification with about 3mm small incision and implantation of foldable silicone intraocular lens (IOL) has been widely used. We performed this study to determine the changes of central corneal endothelium with time after surgery and the effect of the surgical skill and age of patient on endothelial cell loss(ECL). We evaluated 198 patients(198 eyes). The patients was randomly divided into expert(E) and biginner(B) group. The non-contact specular microscopy was performed at preoperative and postoperative 1 week, 1 month, 2 months and 3 months and ECL(%) was calculated. Mean ECL of E group was lower than that of B group. The differencewas statistically significant in the patients younger than 60 years(p<0.05). In E group, mean ECL of postoperative 1 week was higher than that of 1 month. However, the mean ECL of B group at postoperative 1 week was lower than that of 1 month. It was statistically significant in patients younger than 60 years(p<0.05). The patients older than 60 years showed higher ECL than young group. It was statistically significant at postoperative 1 week and 3 months in E gorups(p<0.05). From these results, we conclude that the changes of central corneal endothelial cell count after small incision cataract surgery are different according to the skill of surgeon and the age of patient.
Cataract* ; Endothelial Cells* ; Endothelium, Corneal ; Humans ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Microscopy ; Phacoemulsification ; Silicones

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Clinical Effect of Levocabastine Eye Drops on Allergic Conjunctivitis.

Chan Kyoung HAN ; Jang Hyun CHUNG

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.1998;39(3):480-486.

Levocabastine, a selective H1-receptor antagonist, has been evaluated in the management of allergic conjunctivitis and its efficacy was compared between the skin test positive and negative groups. A total of 20 patients who was clinically diagnosed as allergic conjunctivitis were processed for the skin test. According to the results of skin test, patients were divided into two groups; skin test positive (15) and negative (5). Livostin(levocabastine 0.5mg/ml) eye drops were topically instilled 2 times per day for 1 week. Both subjective and objective findings were assessed by a 4-point scase (0=none, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe). The parameters used for the examination of drug effectiveness were itching, tearing, chemosis, lid swelling and injection. 85.5% (17 put of 20) of the patients showed effects on the management of their symptoms and signs. No significant difference was observed in its effectiveness between skin test positive and negative groups. The results of present clinical trials suggest that Livostin eye drops may be an attractive therapeutic option for the management of allergic conjunctivitis.
Conjunctivitis, Allergic* ; Humans ; Ophthalmic Solutions* ; Pruritus ; Skin Tests

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The Expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, & CD44 in Papillae of the Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis.

Chan Kyoung JEONG ; Tae Hwan LEE ; Myoung Kyoo KO

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.1998;39(3):471-479.

Cell Adhesion Molecule(CAM) is a cell surface glycoprotein that plays an important role in many inflammatory reaction. This is responsible for the migration and accumulation of different populations of leukocyte in inflamed tissues. To investigate the relevance of CAM expression to giant papillary conjunctivitis associated with type I and/or type IV hypersensitivity, the histology of conjunctival giant papillae from patients with papillary conjunctivitis was examined with light microscopy and using indirect immunofluorescent staining method with monoclonal antibodies against the ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and CD44. The infiltrates of the inflammatory cells such as eosinophil, basophil, plasma cell and lymphocyte were noted in conjunctival stroma by light microscopy. The ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and CD44 were expressed or upregulated in stroma and vascular wall by immunofluorescent method. These findings suggest that CAM may play a key role in the pathogenesis of giant papillary conjunctivitis. Further efforts to block or modulate the expression of CAMs may provide new therapeutic modalities in the treatment of conjunctival disease.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Basophils ; Cell Adhesion ; Conjunctival Diseases ; Conjunctivitis ; Conjunctivitis, Allergic* ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1* ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Microscopy ; Plasma Cells ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1*

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Reoperation after Photorefractive Keratectomy.

Dong Yeon LEE ; Jung Chul SHIN ; Jun Kiu CHOE

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.1998;39(3):465-470.

Reoperation of Photorefractive keratectomy(PRK) may be considered for regression, corneal haze, topographic irregularity, and a combination of these complications. We have studied the results of reoperation after myopic PRK in 113 eyes. Between 1992 and 1994, we observed 3,053 eyes of 1,583 patients who underwent PRK over year follow-up. We analysed 113 eyes which showed regression with or without opacity and underwent reoperation over one year follow-up. For reoperation, we used the VixX Twenty/Twenty excimer laser. Of the 72 eyes on regression, 53 eyes(73.6%) showed successful result(spherical equivalent within +/-1.0D), but 19 eyes(24.6%) showed repeated regression after the reoperation. Of the 33 eyes with corneal opacity and regression, 14 eyes(42%) showed good results. Of the 8 eyes with a central island, the results was good in all of the cases. No complications were observed. In conclusion, the reoperation rate was 3.7%(113/3053). The main cause of reoperation was regression, and the best result of reoperation was central island. 75 eyes out of 113 eyes(66%) showed good results(spherical equivalent within +/-1D). Reoperation may be considered for regression with or without corneal haze and central island in PRK.
Corneal Opacity ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lasers, Excimer ; Photorefractive Keratectomy* ; Reoperation*

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