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A Startling Encounter during Transesophageal Echocardiography: Real-Time Three-Dimensional Demonstration of Highly Mobile Thrombi on the Aortic Arch.

Il Soon JUNG ; Jae Hyeong PARK ; Kyu Seub KIM ; Seok Woo SEONG ; Dae Hyun KIM ; Jae Hwan LEE ; Si Wan CHOI ; Jin Ok JEONG ; In Whan SEONG

Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound.2009;17(2):76-77. doi:10.4250/jcu.2009.17.2.76

No abstract available.
Aorta, Thoracic

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A Case of Myocardial Abscess Mimicking Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Won Yu KANG ; Sung Soo KIM ; Hyun Kuk KIM ; Hyun Ju YOON ; Ju Han KIM ; Younggeun AHN ; Myung Ho JEONG ; Jung Gwan CHO ; Jung Chaee KANG ; Jong Chun PARK

Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound.2009;17(2):73-75. doi:10.4250/jcu.2009.17.2.73

Myocardial abscess, a rare and life-threatening disease, occurs as a complication of infective endocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, or other infections in the setting of debilitating condition. We report a case of myocardial abscess mimicking acute myocardial infarction (AMI), not a following consequence of AMI. We can diagnose the disease with the aid of transthoracic echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography.
Abscess ; Echocardiography ; Endocarditis ; Myocardial Infarction

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A Case of Coronary Arteriovenous Fistula Associated with Giant Coronary Artery Aneurysm.

Soo Hyun KIM ; Jum Suk KO ; Hyun Ju YOON ; Sang Chun LIM ; Sook Hee CHO ; Hey Sook KIM ; Ji Sun LEE ; Jong Chun PARK

Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound.2009;17(2):70-72. doi:10.4250/jcu.2009.17.2.70

Coronary arteriovenous fistula is a more prevalent, hemodynamically significant congenital malformation. Both coronary arteries arise normally from their aortic sinuses, but the branches of fistula communicate directly with cardiac chamber, pulmonary trunk, coronary sinus, superior vena cava, or pulmonary vein. Fistula associated with coronary aneurysm is an uncommon finding. We report a rare case of 76-year-old female patient who had a coronary arteriovenous fistula with giant coronary artery aneurysm. This case is clearly diagnosed by echocardiography, three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT), and coronary angiography (CAG).
Aged ; Aneurysm ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Coronary Aneurysm ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Sinus ; Coronary Vessels ; Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional ; Female ; Fistula ; Humans ; Pulmonary Veins ; Sinus of Valsalva ; Vena Cava, Superior

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Effects of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor and Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells on Cardiac Function and Remodeling in the Porcine Reperfused Myocardial Infarction Model.

Mi Young PARK ; Do Sun LIM ; Seung Cheol CHOI ; Yong Hu FANG ; Jung Hyang KIM ; Soon Jun HONG ; Sung Hee SHIN ; Young Moo RO ; Wan Joo SHIM

Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound.2009;17(2):60-69. doi:10.4250/jcu.2009.17.2.60

BACKGROUND: Granulocyte stimulating factor (G-CSF) and bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) were reported to improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). This study was to examine their combined beneficial effects and mechanisms of actions in reperfused MI, which have not been verified yet. METHODS:Fifteen pigs were divided into 3 groups after a 1-hour balloon occlusion and reperfusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. G1 (n=5) was a control, G2 (n=5) was a G-CSF injected group (10 ug/kg/day, from day1 to day7 after MI), and G3 (n=5) was an autologous intracoronary BM-MNC infused group after G-CSF treatment RESULTS:Modified wall motion indices by echocardiography were similar among 3 groups at 24 hours after MI. However, they improved significantly in G2 and G3 at 35days after MI (p<0.05). The percentage of infarct area/left ventricular myocardial area measured from a triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) stain was lower in G3 than in G1 or G2 (p=0.026). The number of vWF-positive vessels and the expressions of vWF and VE cardherin by RT-PCR were higher in G3 and G2 than in G1 (p<0.05). The number of TUNEL-positive cells and bcl2/bax ratio were not significantly different among 3 groups. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that intracoronary BM-MNC infusion with G-CSF treatment in reperfused MI reduced infarct size, improved left ventricular function and prevented ventricular remodeling.
Balloon Occlusion ; Bone Marrow ; Coronary Vessels ; Echocardiography ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Granulocytes ; Myocardial Infarction ; Reperfusion ; Swine ; Tetrazolium Salts ; Ventricular Function, Left ; Ventricular Remodeling

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Left Ventricular Sphericity Index in Asymptomatic Population.

Jae Hyuck CHOI ; Jidong SUNG

Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound.2009;17(2):54-59. doi:10.4250/jcu.2009.17.2.54

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular (LV) remodeling manifests as an increase in LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, an increase in myocardial mass, and a change in chamber geometry to a more spherical shape, and has been considered to be a consequence of heart failure, myocardial infarction or mitral regurgitation. However, less is known about change of LV geometry, especially LV sphericity, in asymptomatic population according to aging. METHODS:We investigated 261 asymptomatic subjects who volunteered for health screening and underwent transthoracic echocardiography. Those with poor echo image, significant coronary artery disease, LV dysfunction, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were excluded. LV sphericity index is defined as the ratio of the long-axis length divided by LV short-axis length, both during systole and diastole. LV mass was calculated from septal and posterior wall thickness and LV internal dimension at end-diastole and then divided by body surface area to calculate LV mass index RESULTS: The mean age of subjects was 49.6+/-6.7 years and the percentage of male was 81%. LV sphericity index at diastole showed significant correlation with age (r=-0.17, p value<0.01), but LV sphericity index at systole did not. Both indices did not showed significant association with aerobic fitness, blood pressure, glucose, insulin resistance and LV function. LV mass index showed significant correlation with age (r=0.14, p value<0.05). CONCLUSION: Among the parameters of LV geometry, sphericity index showed decrease with aging in healthy population, meaning LV becoming more spherical with aging. Longitudinal follow-up study is needed to determine its usefulness as a predictor of future LV dysfunction in asymptomatic population.
Aging ; Blood Pressure ; Body Surface Area ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diastole ; Echocardiography ; Glucose ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Myocardial Infarction ; Systole

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Role of Echocardiography in the Emergency Department.

Tae Seok KIM ; Ho Joong YOUN

Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound.2009;17(2):40-53. doi:10.4250/jcu.2009.17.2.40

Echocardiography can play a key role in the diagnosis, evaluation and triage of patients presenting with acute chest pain in the emergency department, because of its rapid, accurate and repetitive image acquisition. Echocardiography can detect coronary artery disease, complications of acute myocardial infarction, pericardial emergency, acute aortic diseases, and pulmonary embolic events, all of which may cause acute chest pain. Depending on the clinical situation, stress echocardiography or contrast echocardiography may provide additional information. Ongoing technical development of imaging acquisition and analysis in echocardiography will increase its use in the differential diagnosis of acute chest pain.
Aortic Diseases ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Stress ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Triage

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Changes Seen on Echocardiography in Elderly Population.

Ho Joong YOUN

Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound.2006;14(4):136-142.

The Biological characteristic of aging is a process which is irreversible, universal and detrimental. Knowledge about the normal morphologic and physiologic changes that accompany aging and the ability to discriminate between normal and pathologic states become increasingly important issues. Echocardiography is able to provide detailed information about cardiac anatomy and physiology, and is a cheap, safe, non-invasive procedure, particularly suitable for elderly people. Its non-invasive nature makes it convenient as a means of investigating aging changes during follow-up, and repeated measurements may be made over the course of many years. The information obtained often provides the clinician with sufficient detail to formulate a management plan, and serial studies may be conveniently performed to monitor progression of aging process, increasingly common in an elderly population.
Aged* ; Aging ; Echocardiography* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Physiology ; Population Characteristics

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Mid-Diastolic Flow in Health and Disease.

Lieng H LING ; Jong Won HA

Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound.2006;14(4):133-135.

No abstract available.
Diastole

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Clinical Implication of Natriuretic Peptides and Left Atrial Volume for the Screening Methods of Advanced Diastolic Dysfunction in the Community.

Hun Jun PARK ; Hae Ok JUNG ; Hyun Suk HWANG ; Sung Min LIM ; Min Seok CHOI ; Min Kyung LIM ; Uk Hyun KIL ; Chan Seok PARK ; Pum Joon KIM ; Ho Joong YUN ; Sang Hong BAEK ; Ki Bae SEUNG ; Jae Hyung KIM ; Kyu Bo CHOI

Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound.2006;14(3):98-104.

BACKGROUND: Recently, B-natriuretic peptide (BNP) level and left atrial volume index (LAVi) were known to correlate with indices of LV diastolic function. As a screening method, we tried to evaluate the efficacy to BNP, ANP, and LAVi to predict the advanced diastolic dysfunction that means myocardial relaxation abnormality and elevated LV filling pressure. METHODS: In 100 patients who referred for echocardiography, Doppler recording of the mitral inflow and tissue Doppler imaging of the mitral annulus were obtained and classified into 4 diastolic function grades (normal, impaired relaxation, pseudonormal, and restrictive). Advanced diastolic dysfunction was defined as pseudonormal and restrictive physiology. LAVi was measured by modified Simpson's method in apical 4-chamber view at end-systole. Plasma levels of BNP and ANP were measured on the same day as echocardiogram was done. RESULTS: BNP and ANP levels were increased as diastolic function grade was worsening (BNP : 60+/-92, 108+/-204, 778+/-1,023 and 1,426+/-1,421 pg/ml, p<0.001; ANP: 22+/-30, 23+/-26, 94+/-92, 96+/-61 pg/ml, p<0.001). LAVi was also increased as diastolic dysfunction was advanced: 24+/-7 ml/m2, 27+/-9 ml/m2, 37+/-12 ml/m2, 45+/-12 ml/m2, p<0.001. The areas under the curve of receiver-operator characteristic curve for BNP, ANP and LAVi to detect the advanced diastolic dysfunction were 0.91, 0.88 and 0.84, respectively. BNP of 137 pg/ml, ANP of 34 pg/ml, and LAVi of 30 ml/m2 were the best values of sensitivity and specificity, respectively. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that BNP, ANP and LAVi provide meaningful sensitivity and specificity for the detection of advanced diastolic dysfunction, respectively. Among these, BNP is better than ANP or LAVi for the screening method to predict the advanced diastolic dysfunction.
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Diastole ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Natriuretic Peptides* ; Physiology ; Plasma ; Relaxation ; Sensitivity and Specificity

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The Relationship of Pulse-wave Velocity with Carotid Intima-media Thickness and Carotid Artery Distensibility.

Joo Hee ZO ; Seon Kyung LEE ; Sang Hyun KIM ; Myung A KIM

Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound.2006;14(3):92-97.

BACKGROUND: Sonographic evaluation of arterial wall morphology and elasticity, and the evaluation of pulse wave velocity (PWV) are widely used noninvasive modalities for evaluating atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk assessment. Several studies suggest that intima-media thickness (IMT) and arterial elasticity indices may sensitively reflect different vasculopathic processes. Thus the purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between carotid IMT, distensibility and PWV. METHODS: We examined 14 consecutive patients (mean age 51+/-8 years, 8 males) with carotid ultrasound and noninvasive vascular screening device. Carotid IMT, carotid artery distensibility, and brachial-ankle PWV were measured. RESULTS: The brachial-ankle PWV was inversely correlated with carotid distensibility (r= 0.628, p<0.05), but not correlated with IMT (r=0.099, p=0.738). And there was no relationship between IMT and carotid distensibility (r= 0.207, p=0.478). CONCLUSION: Carotid distensibility had good correlation with brachial-ankle PWV, so it might be used for assessing arterial stiffness and evaluating cardiovascular risk.
Atherosclerosis ; Carotid Arteries* ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness* ; Elasticity ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Risk Assessment ; Ultrasonography ; Vascular Stiffness

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