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Preliminary Result of Randomised Controlled Trial of Three Different Coated Archwires Part 2: Colour Change and Patient Perception

Hassanin Abdulkhabeer Ali Alyassiri1, Anis Farhan Kamaruddin1, Noor Ayuni Ahmad Shafiai1, Khoirulzariah Ismail1, Norma Ab Rahman2, Wan Muhamad Amir W Ahmad2

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2019;15(SUPPLEMENT 9):74-79.

Introduction: Coated archwires improve aesthetics because of the tooth-coloured appearance. However, colour change of the coated archwires have been reported in vitro. Nonetheless, little is known to what extent this colour change occurs clinically. This second part of the multi-centre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial evaluated the colour change (∆E*) of three coated archwires with their controls and patient perception. Methods: 84 patients who received treatment with upper and lower fixed appliance treatment were invited. Consented patients were randomised to receive one of four treatment interventions using 0.014” superelastic nickel-titanium archwires from (1) Orthocare (2) RMO (3) G&H, and (4) 3M Unitek® uncoated. These archwires were ligated during bonding and collected after 8th week. After removal, the digital images of the archwires were assessed for colour change using Adobe® Photoshop® software, and the CIE L*a*b* system was used to calculate the ΔE* values. Patient perception was measured using oral aesthetic subjective impact scale (OASIS) questionnaire. Results: For colour change and patient perception assessment, 132 archwires from 66 participants who had been treated with aesthetic archwires were collected. Two fractured archwires were excluded. Initial analysis revealed all three aesthetic archwires groups showed significant mean of ∆E* with the highest was found in Orthocare (23.9), and the lowest is G&H (16.8). Post hoc comparison revealed statistically significant mean of ∆E* in Orthocare when compared with other groups (p <0.001). There was no statistically significant difference for patient perception between archwire groups. Conclusion: Preliminary results revealed that significant ∆E* in Orthocare group and patients showed positive perception following clinical use
Craniofacial & ; Biomaterial Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical & ; Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia. 2 School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (Health Campus), 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia

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Dental Pulp Stem Cells Response to Chrysanthemum Flower Extract

Nurul Shazwani Mohd Zain1, Nik Syahirah Aliaa Nik Sharifulden1, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor1, Nurulakma Zali1, Navaneetha Cugati2, Nur Fatihah Nordin3

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2019;15(SUPPLEMENT 9):80-87.

Chrysanthemum rubellum (durian) flower (CR) is well-known for its usefulness in conventional and advanced medicine. Bioactive glass properties are geared towards hard tissue regeneration. Hence, this study aims to investigate the response of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) when exposed to bioactive glass-chrysanthemum flower extract-conditioned medium. Methods: Chrysanthemum rubellum (durian) yellow coloured petals freeze dried extracts (CRE) was prepared by separation and agitation in distilled water where the final powdery compound was being investigated and combined with melt-derived BG 45S5 powder to produce BGCRE-conditioned medium. The CRE extracts in various concentrations and BGCRE-conditioned medium were exposed to DPSC and the cells responses were assessed using AB and MTT assays. The CRE and BGCRE-conditioned media were also assessed using ICP-OES to check for ionic release profile from both medium. Results: The CRE-conditioned medium (7.81, 15.63, 31.25 and 62.5 μg/ml) showed a dose-dependent effect towards DPSC from Days 1 until 14. The BGCRE-conditioned medium containing BG powders (1 mg/ml) with the lower amount of CRE extracts (0.02 and 0.1 mg/ml) promoted DPSC viability and proliferation rate from Days 1 until 14 based on AB and MTT assays. The BGCRE-conditioned medium has potentially affected the DPSC viability and proliferation. Conclusion: The presence of CRE in BGCRE-conditioned medium enhanced the DPSC viability and proliferation possibly through the combined effect of CRE and BG. This BGCRE combination showed potential as natural medicament for dental tissue regeneration
Craniofacial and Biomaterials Sciences Cluster ; Advanced Medical & ; Dental Institute ; Universiti Sains Malaysia ; Bertam ; 13200 Kepala Batas ; Pulau Pinang ; Malaysia 2 Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry ; Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences ; Virajpet ; 571218 ; Coorg Institute ; Karnataka State ; India 3 Faculty of Applied Sciences ; Universiti Teknologi MARA ; 40450 Shah Alam ; Selangor ; Malaysia

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von Willebrand Factor Profiles of the Different ABO Blood Groups Among the Malay Population

Rohaida Abdul Rahman1, Faridah Md Afandi2, Tun Maizura Mohd Fathullah2, Rafeezul Mohamed3

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2019;15(SUPPLEMENT 9):88-95.

The National Blood Center, Kuala Lumpur interprets laboratory results for the von Willebrand factor (VWF) profile based on guidelines which were established based on the Caucasian population. The VWF profiles among the Malay population has not yet been established. The current study aims to determine the VWF profiles of the different ABO blood types among Malays and to evaluate their association with demographic characteristics and smoking habits. Methods: One hundred and forty Malay donors were involved. Factor VIII (FVIII:C), VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), and ristocetin cofactor (VWF:RiCof) levels and collagen binding activity (VWF:CBA) were measured by coagulometric clot detection, latex agglutination, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The majority of donors (59.3%) were 30–49 years old, male (81.43%), non-smokers (74.3%), and overweight (71.4%). The Malay VWF:Ag were slightly higher than those of Caucasians, Indians, Thais, and Chinese, but the average ratios of VWF activity (i.e., VWF:RiCof level and VWF:CBA) to VWF:Ag were slightly lower than those of the other populations. The highest level of VWF:Ag was found among those with the B blood group, followed by types A and O. Conclusion: Malays with type O blood had lower values of the components of the VWF profile compared to subjects with non-O blood. The higher levels of these elements and lower VWF activity to VWF:Ag ratio in Malays compared to other populations suggest that ethnicity impacts the plasma VWF levels and their interaction with collagen and platelets.
Medical Transfusion Unit, Pathology Department, Hospital Sultan Ismail, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. 2 National Blood Center, Jalan Tun Razak, 50400, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 3 Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

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Factors Associated with Breast-self Examination Practice and Mammogram Breast Density among Malaysian Women

Noor Khairiah A. Karim1,2, Law Kim Sooi2, Ernest Mangantig1

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2019;15(SUPPLEMENT 9):96-101.

Breast cancer is globally known to be the commonest cause of cancer-related deaths among women. Screening tools which include breast-self examination (BSE), clinical breast examination and mammography are well-recognised to aid the detection of breast cancer among high risk women. Thus, our study was aimed to evaluate breast cancer and BSE awareness and practice, and to perform mammography screening among women who attended community breast cancer awareness and screening programme. Methods: Data was collected cross-sectionally from 2,021 women during community services from September 2013 until December 2015. Results: Majority of the women had previously attended health education on breast cancer (56.3%) and had been taught BSE techniques (61.4%), but only 38.6% performed BSE monthly. Factors associated with regular BSE practice were older age, higher education level, being married, higher monthly income, had attended health education on breast cancer, and had been taught BSE techniques. A subset of 130 high-risk women had underwent mammography screening and majority had heterogenously dense and normal mammogram findings. Conclusion: These findings suggested that regular breast cancer awareness campaigns is needed to strengthen breast cancer knowledge and to emphasise BSE techniques. Such campaigns should target younger women and those with low socioeconomic status.
Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical & ; Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia. 2 Clinical Division, Advanced Medical & ; Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia

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Demographic and Socioeconomic Profile of Transfusion Dependent Beta-Thalassemia Major Patients in Sabah

Jenet Guan Chin1, Intan Juliana Abd Hamid2, Kogilavani Gunasagaran3, Julaiha Amir4, Primus John5, Anisah Azmi5, Ernest Mangantig2

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2019;15(SUPPLEMENT 9):102-108.

Thalassemia prevalence in Malaysia is highest in Sabah. This study was conducted to characterize the demographic and socioeconomic profile of transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia major patients in Sabah, to explore their parents’ background, and to identify factors associated with having more than one thalassemia major children in the family. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Hospital Wanita dan Kanak-Kanak Sabah and Hospital Kota Belud Sabah between February 2018 and Jun 2019. A total of 108 patients attending Thalassemia Treatment Clinic at both centers were selected randomly for interview. Results: β-thalassemia major patients in this study were majority from the indigenous ethnic groups (Kadazan, Dusun, Murut, Rungus, Sungai). Parents of the thalassemia patients mostly had low education level and socioeconomic status. Thirty-seven percent of parents have more than one children with thalassemia major and a high proportion (41.7%) have intermarriages. Parents with a higher number of children in the family are associated with having more than one thalassemia major children (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.5, 2.9, P-value = 1.3 x 10-5). Conclusions: A considerably high proportion of parents have more than one children with thalassemia major in this study. Knowledge and counselling are important to parents with low educational level and socioeconomic status to ensure their understanding of thalassemia risk and prevention
Hospital Queen Elizabeth II, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 88300, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia 2 Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 3 Hospital Wanita dan Kanak-Kanak Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 50586, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 4 Hospital Wanita dan Kanak-Kanak Sabah, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 88996, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia 5 Hospital Kota Belud, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 89158, Kota Belud, Sabah, Malaysia

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The Effect of Coloured Beverages on The Colour Stability of a Flexible Denture

Fatanah M. Suhaimi1, Mohd Farouk Mubarak2, Husniyati Roslan1, Nurul Atiqah Abd Razak1, Nizuwan Azman3, Ahmad Fairuz Omar4

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2019;15(SUPPLEMENT 9):109-115.

Colour stability of the material is an essential factor that contributes to the selection of a flexible denture material. Staining effects on the denture may result in unattractive appearance, the dissatisfaction of the wearer, and limited usage period of the denture. This study aims to identify the colour stability of the Valplast flexible denture material using three types of beverages. Methods: A total of 32 disc-shaped flexible resin materials (20 +/- 0.1 mm in diameter and thickness 3 +/- 0.1 mm) were prepared based on the manufacturer instructions. The samples were randomly divided into 4 groups of immersion: distilled water (control), coffee solution, tea solution and red wine. The samples were left in the specified immersion solution for up to 60 days. Colour changes were measured after 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 30, 45 and 60 days of immersion. Results: The samples immersed in coffee solution changed from S1 to S2, whereas samples in tea solution changed from S1 to S3. Additionally, samples in red wine changed from S1 to S4, as observed using the Valplast colour tone guide. The highest reflection measured using spectroscopy was 65.146 at 385.19 nm of the control samples, whereas the lowest reflection was 1.974 at the wavelength of 385.97 nm on the samples immersed in the red wine. Conclusion: The most significant difference can be observed in the red wine group, followed by samples in tea and coffee solutions. Moreover, increasing the immersion period causes increasing staining effect of the denture.
Craniofacial and Biomaterial Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia 2 Institut Latihan Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (Pergigian), No.3 Jalan Sepoy Lines, 10450 Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia 3 Division of Research and Networking, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia 4 School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia

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Determinants of Compliance to Work Instructions among Forklift Operators in a Steel Industry

Dedy Setiawan ; Siwi Tristanti ; Yustinus Denny Ardyanto Wahyudiono

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2019;15(SUPLEMENT 3):1-163.

Safe behavior is a form of behavior to act safelyduring work, to reduce and prevent work accidents. This study aimed to look at correlation between age, job experience, motivation, knowledge, attitude, availability of work instruction and worker compliance to work instruction among forklift operator. Questionnaire was used to determine age, job experience, motivation, knowledge, attitude, and availability of work instruction. Observation method was used to measure worker compliance to work instructions. The collected data were analyzed using logistic regression and bootstrap to find which variable had strong relationship with worker compliance to work instructions. The results indicated that motivation had significant correlation with workers compliance to work instruction. It could be concluded that motivation was a significant determinant compared to work instruction among forklift operator. It is therefore recommended that company perform routine inspection and safety training of forklift operation.

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Cholesterol Biosensor Based On Polyaniline Conducting Chitosan Film

Belgis

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2019;15(Supplement 5):1-6.

Abstract Introduction: There are various methods in cholesterol analysis, for example, amperometric, enzymatic, and electrochemistry. Those methods are not expressing the suitable methods for cholesterol analysis because of the complicated and long procedure. Methods: This experiment is developing cholesterol analysis methods using enzyme immobilization techniques. The enzyme, cholesterol oxidase, immobilized on polyaniline surface conducted chitosan and formed a biosensor. Polyaniline matrix bound to chitosan in a covalent bond, a strong bonding that acts as an enzyme’s trap. Results: The optimal biosensor has 650 nm maximum wavelength and optimum pH at 7. Immobilization process occurs in 24 hours. The biosensor has 8 minutes response time and can be used one time during 2 weeks active time. The biosensor responses increase linearly at range 0.1 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL. The sensitivity at 0.304 mg/ml and accurate value at 89.72%. The detection limit and quantity limit are at 0.00521 mg/mL and 0.0197 mg/mL. Conclusion: The result showed that this method can be used as an eco-friendly material for a biosensor. This method can be developed by using the suitable crosslinker for enzyme-surface to enhance biosensor performance.

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Correlation Analysis Between Workers’ Characteristics With Stress Levels on Firefighters in Surabaya

Neffrety Nilamsari, Septyani Prihatiningsih, Dyah Utari Kumalaningtyas

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2019;15(Supplement 5):7-11.

Abstract Mental wellbeing is one of aspects in Occupational Health and Safety scope which is often ignored and potentially turns into an obstacle relevant to daily activities related or not related to one’s occupation. Worker who is undergoing stress is vulnerable to health issues and potentially causes their work efficiency to be lowering which lead to less productivity. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether there was a relationship between the characteristics of firefighters (age, years of service, education and marital status) with the level of stress experienced by firefighters. Methods: This study is using qualtitatif method with analytic approach. Samples of this study are 17 firefighters in Fire Department City of. Data are collected using DASS21 questionnaire and interview. Results: The results showed that most of the respondents sustain normal level of stress (82,3%) within 21-25 age range, whose years of service within 1-5 years, and who are married. Conclusion: Result of statistic test indicates there is correlation between years of service to workers’ stress. (p=0,006), and there is no correlation between marriage status (p=0,228) and age (p=0,062) with workers’ stress.

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Pulse Sequence Single Shot Fast Spin Echo for Reducing Motion Artefact on MRI of the Brain

Muhaimin1,2, Lailatul Muqmiroh2,3, Risalatul Latifah2, Amillia Kartikasari2, Anggraini Sensusiati2,3

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2019;15(Supplement 5):12-16.

Abstract This research was motivated by the increase of brain MRI examinations in emergency medicine. In an emergency, patients are often uncooperative, and they raise motion artefact on the image. Therefore, fast scanning techniques such as pulse Sequence Single Shot Fast Spin Echo (SS-FSE) is required to reduce the artefact. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of using SS-FSE technique to minimize motion artefact. Methods: This study was an observational analytic with prospective methods. Scanning was conducted to 16 normal patients (volunteers). Two neuro radiologists retrospectively and independently reviewed all images. Observations used standard diagnostic of brain MR Image by evaluating the anatomical and morphological structure. Results: Based on the results of the analysis of each organ that was assessed, it was obtained that the average of the image for overall organs on the brain; 76% looks sharp, 21% looks moderate (minimum blurred), and 3% looks blurred. Conclusion: SS-FSE technique affects reducing motion artefact due to object movement in MRI brain. The overall image SS-FSE produced has good image quality.

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