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Expression of MAGE in the Induced Sputum of Lung Cancer Patients.

Dong Seung YOOK ; Ho Sik SHIN ; Paul CHOI ; Ji Hae KIM ; Seong Hoon SHIN ; Chul Ho OK ; Hyun Myung CHO ; Tae Won JANG ; Maan Hong JUNG ; Jong Wook PARK ; Chang Ho JEON

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2002;53(3):265-274. doi:10.4046/trd.2002.53.3.265

BACKGROUND: Tumor associated antigens, which are produced specifically by tumor cells, are promising targets for the early diagnosis and immunotherapy. Among the tumor associated antigens, MAGE (a melanoma antigen), BAGE, GAGE, PRAME and NY-ESO were named as cancer/testis specific antigens since they are detected exclusively in the testis or cancer cells. If MAGE is easily detectable in the sputum, it would become a convenient method for diagnosing lung cancer. This study was undertaken to investigate MAGE expression in the induced sputum obtained from lung cancer patients. METHOD: In 14 control patients and 30 lung cancer patients, the induced sputum was collected after inhaling 3% saline(5 cc) delivered by nebulizer for approximately 5 minutes after a mouth rinse and bronchodilator inhalation. The induced sputum was placed in a conservative-mixed solution (guanidinium isothiocyanate, Triton X-100). The total cellular mRNA was extracted from the cells and RT PCR and nested PCR were run in 30 and 35 cycles respectively, with two different types of primers specially designed to detect six subtypes of MAGE DNA simultaneously. RESULTS: MAGE expression was not detected in the 14 controls, but in the 30 cancer patients, MAGE was found in 24 patients (80%, p=0.001). In the cancer patients, there were no differences in the expression level according to the tissue types (squamous cell cancer 13/17, adenocarcinoma 7/9, and small cell cancer 4/4, p=0.56). Among the 24 MAGE-positive patients, the tumor was not visible on a bronchoscopy in 11 patients (45.8%). CONCLUSION: A study of MAGE in induced sputum appears to be a useful and complementary method in the diagnosis of lung cancer. A further prospective study with more patients is recommended.
Adenocarcinoma ; Lung Neoplasms

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Immunohistochemical Analysis for the Expression of p27, CDK4, and Uteroglobin in Resected Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Man Sun BAEK ; Seok Gyun HONG ; Hyun Ju HONG ; Sang Won UM ; Kye Young LEE ; Woo Ho KIM ; Choon Taek LEE ; Chul Gyu YOO ; Sung Koo HAN ; Young Soo SHIM ; Young Whan KIM

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2002;53(3):253-264. doi:10.4046/trd.2002.53.3.253

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the expression of protein which influences on the cell cycle is significantly involved in the development, progress, treatment response, and survival of cancer, and also that the degree of expression of p27 and CDK4 is related to the prognosis. Recent research has revealed that uteroglobin, tumor suppressor gene, is related to cell cycle. This study is focused on the relations between expression of proteins related to cell cycle and clinical index of and survival of NSCLC. METHODS: We examined immunohistochemically specimens of 110 surgically resected NSCLCs for expression of p27, CDK, Uteroglobin. Tissue array slide were obtained from 110 surgically resected NSCLCs. Immunohistochemical staining was performed by immuno-peroxidase technique using avidin-biotinylated horseradish peroxidase complex. RESULTS: In 110 patients with resected NSCLCs, the ratio of male to female was 87:13, the median age was 56.43+/-9.41 yrs. The positive staining of p27 was detected in 75% of the cases. A non-statistically significant trend toward increased p27 expression was observed in smoker and squamous cell cancer. The positive staining of CDK4 was detected in 89%, which was the highest expression of protein among 3 types. The survival ratio of CDK4 negative staining group was higher than that of positive staining group, which was significant difference(P<0.05). There was no association between p27 or uteroglobin expression and survival. CONCLUSIONS: The expression degree of CDK4 is related to the prognosis. This findings suggests that the measurement of CDK4 may be useful in identifying patient at high risk for disease recurrence and survival.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Lung Neoplasms

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A Case of Tracheal Diverticula in a Hemoptysis Patient with Tuberculosis Sequela and Fungus Ball.

Jin Woo KIM ; Sun Wha SONG ; Son Ook CHOI ; Byoung Soo JIE ; Soon Seog KWAN ; Young Kyoon KIM ; Kwan Hyoung KIM ; Hwa Sik MOON ; Jeong Sup SONG ; Sung Hak PARK

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2006;60(4):469-472. doi:10.4046/trd.2006.60.4.469

We experienced a rare case of trachea diverticula combined with the sequela of tuberculosis and a fungus ball. The patient had complained of coughing and hemoptysis for a long time after experiencing tuberculosis. He was admitted due to hemoptysis and the aggravation of coughing. The CT scan showed a variable sized trachea diverticula combined with tuberculosis sequela and a fungus ball in the right lung fields. The diagnosis was made by bronchoscopy and a CT scan. After bronchial artery embolization and conservative treatment, the patient's symptoms improved and the patient was discharged.
Bronchial Arteries ; Bronchoscopy ; Cough ; Diagnosis ; Diverticulum* ; Fungi* ; Hemoptysis* ; Humans ; Lung ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trachea ; Tuberculosis*

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Mycobacterium Kansasii Disease Presenting As a Lung Mass and Bronchial Anthracofibrosis.

Seung Won RA ; Kwang Ha LEE ; Ju Young JUNG ; Ho Suk KANG ; I Nae PARK ; Hye Sook CHOI ; Hoon JUNG ; Gyu Rak CHON ; Tae Sun SHIM

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2006;60(4):464-468. doi:10.4046/trd.2006.60.4.464

The incidence of Mycobacterium kansasii pulmonary diseases are on the increase in Korea with the higher probability of occurrence in middle-aged and older men with underlying lung diseases Among nontuberculosus mycobacterial (NTM) infections, the clinical features of M. kansasii pulmonary infection are most similar to those of tuberculosis (TB). The chest radiographic findings of M. kansasii infection are almost indistinguishable from those of M. tuberculosis (predominance of an upper lobe infiltration and cavitary lesions), even though some suggest that cavities are more commonly thin-walled and have less surrounding infiltration than those of typical TB lesions. Although there are reports on the rare manifestations of M. kansasii infections, such as endobronchial ulcer, arthritis, empyema, cutaneous and mediastinal lymphadenitis, cellulites and osteomyelitis, the association with bronchial anthracofibrosis has not yet been reported. This report describes the first case of M. kansasii infection presenting as a lung mass in the right lower lobe with accompanying bronchial anthracofibrosis.
Arthritis ; Empyema ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung Diseases ; Lung* ; Lymphadenitis ; Male ; Mycobacterium kansasii* ; Mycobacterium* ; Osteomyelitis ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tuberculosis ; Ulcer

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The Role of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 in Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury.

Je Hyeong KIM ; Dae Wui YOON ; Gyu Young HUR ; Ki Hwan JUNG ; Sung Yong LEE ; Sang Yeub LEE ; Chol SHIN ; Jae Jeong SHIM ; Kwang Ho IN ; Se Hwa YOO ; Kyung Ho KANG

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2006;60(4):451-463. doi:10.4046/trd.2006.60.4.451

BACKGROUND: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) take center stage as executers in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). The protein with DNA-damage scanning activity, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1), signals DNA rupture and participates in base-excision repair. Paradoxically,overactivation of PARP1 in response to massive genotoxic injury such as ROS can induce cell death through beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) depletion, resulting in inflammation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of PARP1 and the effect of its inhibitor in VILI. METHODS: Forty-eight male C57BL/6 mice were divided into sham, lung protective ventilation(LPV), VILI, and PARP1 inhibitor (PJ34)+VILI (PJ34+VILI) groups. Mechanical ventilator setting for the LPV group was PIP 15 cmH2O + PEEP 3 cmH2O + RR 90/min + 2 hours. The VILI and PJ34+VILI groups were ventilated on a setting of PIP 40 cmH2O + PEEP 0 cmH2O + RR 90/min + 2 hours. As a PARP1 inhibitor for the PJ34+VILI group, 20 mg/Kg of PJ34 was treated intraperitoneally 2 hours before mechanical ventilation. Wet-to-dry weight ratio and acute lung injury (ALI) score were measured to determine the degree of VILI. PARP1 activity was evaluated by using an immunohistochemical method utilizing biotinylated NAD. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the concentration of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-6 were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). RESULTS: In the PJ34+VILI group, PJ34 pretreatment significantly reduced the degree of lung injury, compared with the VILI group (p<0.05). The number of cells expressing PARP1 activity was significantly increased in the VILI group, but significantly decreased in the PJ34+VILI group (p=0.001). In BALF, MPO activity, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 were also significantly lower in the PJ34+VILI group (all, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: PARP1 overactivation plays a major role in the mechanism of VILI. PARP1 inhibitor prevents VILI, and decreases MPO activity and inflammatory cytokines.
Acute Lung Injury ; Adenine ; Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Cell Death ; Cytokines ; DNA ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukins ; Lung ; Lung Injury ; Male ; Mice ; NAD ; Peroxidase ; Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose* ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Respiration, Artificial ; Rupture ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury* ; Ventilators, Mechanical

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Pretreatment of Diltiazem Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Suppression of Neutrophilic Oxidative Stress.

Yoo Suk JANG ; Young Man LEE ; Wook Su AHN ; Sang Chae LEE ; Kyung Chan KIM ; Dae Sung HYUN

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2006;60(4):437-450. doi:10.4046/trd.2006.60.4.437

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by severe inflammatory pulmonary edema of unknown pathogenesis. To investigate the pathogenesis of ARDS associated with neutrophilic oxidative stress, the role of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was evaluated by the inhibition of calcium channel. METHODS: In Sprague-Dawley rats, acute lung injury (ALI) was induced by the instillation of E.coli endotoxin (ETX) into the trachea. At the same time, diltiazem was given 60 min prior to tracheal instillation of ETX. Parameters of ALI such as lung and neutrophil PLA2, lung myeloperoxidase (MPO), BAL neutrophils, protein, surfactant were measured. Production of free radicals from neutrophils was measured also. Morphological studies with light microscope and electron microscope were carried out and electron microscopic cytochemistry for detection of free radicals was performed also. RESULTS: Diltiazem had decreased the ALI parameters effectively in ETX given rats and decreased the production of free radicals from neutrophils and lung tissues. Morphological studies denoted the protective effects of diltiazem. CONCLUSION: Diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker, was effective in amelioration of ALI by the suppression of neutrophilic oxidative stress mediated by PLA2 activation.
Acute Lung Injury* ; Animals ; Calcium Channels ; Diltiazem* ; Free Radicals ; Histocytochemistry ; Lung ; Neutrophils* ; Oxidative Stress* ; Peroxidase ; Phospholipases A2 ; Pulmonary Edema ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Trachea

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A Case of Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone Following Chemotherapy in a Patient with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Kyoung Ju LEE ; Jae Young MOON ; Sung Yong LEE ; Sang Yeub LEE ; Je Hyeong KIM ; Chol SHIN ; Jae Jung SHIM ; Kwang Ho IN ; Kyung Ho KANG ; Se Hwa YOO

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2009;66(4):324-328. doi:10.4046/trd.2009.66.4.324

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of the antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a well recognized paraneoplastic phenomenon related to impaired water excretion, and can result in dilutional hyponatremia as well as central nervous system symptoms. It is characterized by a decrease in plasma osmolarity with inappropriately concentrated urine. The causes of SIADH are associated with pulmonary and endocrine disorders, central nervous system diseases, and malignancies, including lung cancer. The other causes of SIADH include some drugs, particularly chemotherapy agents. Anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin, vincristine, and cyclophosphamide are well known causes of SIADH but the mechanisms are unclear. Recently, we encountered a patient with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who suffered from general weakness and altered mentality after an intravenous carboplatin and gemcitabine combination.
Carboplatin ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Central Nervous System ; Central Nervous System Diseases ; Cisplatin ; Cyclophosphamide ; Deoxycytidine ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Inappropriate ADH Syndrome ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Osmolar Concentration ; Plasma ; Vincristine

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Tuberculosis Surveillance System in Korea.

Woo Jin LEW

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2000;48(3):298-307. doi:10.4046/trd.2000.48.3.298

No abstract available.
Korea* ; Tuberculosis*

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Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.

Ho Joong KIM

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2000;48(3):291-297. doi:10.4046/trd.2000.48.3.291

No abstract available.
Hypertension, Pulmonary*

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Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis with Chylous Pleural Effusion.

Byung Joon PARK ; Jae Hwa CHO ; Tae Hoon MOON ; Sang Joon PARK ; Jung Seon RYU ; Hong Lyeol LEE ; Seung Min KWAK ; Chul Ho CHO

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2001;50(1):127-131. doi:10.4046/trd.2001.50.1.127

Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis is a disease involving the proliferation of atypical smooth muscle cells trom the perilymphatics, peribronchial and perivascular region of the lung and the retroperitneum. The disease usually affects women of child-bearing age. We recently experienced a case of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis in a 31-year-old women who had suffered from a chylous pleural effusion. Histologic confirmation of lymphangioleiomyomatosis was made upon a video-associated thoracoscopic lung biopsy. Here we report this case with a brief review of the literature.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymphangioleiomyomatosis* ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Pleural Effusion*

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