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Combined Modality Therapy for Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

L Chinsoo CHO ; J Michael DIMAIO ; Randall HUGHES ; Phuc NGUYEN ; Paula ANDERSON ; Hak CHOY

Cancer Research and Treatment.2003;35(5):373-382.

The majority of non-small cell lung cancer patients present with locally advanced disease that may not be resectable. A single modality treatment such as thoracic radiotherapy often results in an inferior outcome when compared to combined modality treatment. Various combinations of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery have been tested in patients with locally advanced non-small-celllung cancer with promising results. The favorable results of the combined modality treatment are accompanied by a corresponding increase in treatment related morbidity. In this article, the results of the application of combined modality treatments in the management of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer are reviewed.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Combined Modality Therapy* ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Radiotherapy

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Does the Addition of Adjuvant Chemotherapy to Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Improve the Survival of Patients with Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Cancer?.

Gwi Eon KIM

Cancer Research and Treatment.2003;35(5):369-372.

No abstract available.
Chemoradiotherapy* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant* ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms*

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Efficacy of Letrozole as First-Line Treatment of Postmenopausal Women with Hormone Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer in Korea.

Seung Hoon BEOM ; Jisu OH ; Tae Yong KIM ; Kyung Hun LEE ; Yaewon YANG ; Koung Jin SUH ; Hyeong Gon MOON ; Sae Won HAN ; Do Youn OH ; Wonshik HAN ; Tae You KIM ; Dong Young NOH ; Seock Ah IM

Cancer Research and Treatment.2017;49(2):454-463. doi:10.4143/crt.2016.259

PURPOSE: Letrozole showed efficacy and generally favorable toxicities, along with the convenience of oral administration in postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor (HR)–positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports of the clinical outcomes in Korean patients, although letrozole is widely used in practice. Therefore, this studywas conducted to affirm the efficacy and toxicities of letrozole in Korean patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed 84 HR-positive MBC patients who had been treated with letrozole from January 2001 to December 2012. Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment history were extracted from medicalrecords. All patients received 2.5 mg letrozole once a day until there were disease progressions or unacceptable toxicity. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary endpoint, and secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and toxicity. RESULTS: The median age of the subjects was 59.3 years. Letrozole treatment resulted in a median PFS of 16.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.8 to 23.8) and a median OS of 56.4 months (95% CI, 38.1 to 74.7). The ORR was 36.9% for the 84 patients with measurable lesions. Multivariate analysis revealed symptomatic visceral disease (hazard ratio, 3.437; 95% CI, 1.576 to 7.495; p=0.002) and a disease-free interval ≤ 2 years (hazard ratio, 2.697; 95% CI, 1.262 to 5.762; p=0.010) were independently associated with shorter PFS. However, sensitivity to adjuvant hormone treatment was not related to PFS. Letrozole was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSION: Letrozole showed considerable efficacy and tolerability as a first-line treatment in postmenopausal patients with HR-positive MBC.
Administration, Oral ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Korea* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Retrospective Studies

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Symposium: “Oncology Leadership in Asia”.

Dong Young NOH ; Jae Kyung ROH ; Yeul Hong KIM ; Kazuhiro YOSHIDA ; Hideo BABA ; Marie Cherry Lynn SAMSON-FERNANDO ; Sanjeev MISRA ; Zeba AZIZ ; Rainy UMBAS ; Yogendra P SINGH ; Tony SHU KAM MOK ; Han Kwang YANG ; Hideyuki AKAZA

Cancer Research and Treatment.2017;49(2):283-291. doi:10.4143/crt.2017.090

The symposium on “Oncology Leadership in Asia” was held as part of the official program of the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Korean Cancer Association with International Cancer Conference. Given the increasing incidence of cancer in all countries and regions of Asia, regardless of developmental stage, and also in light of the recognized need for Asian countries to enhance collaboration in cancer prevention, research, treatment and follow-up, the symposium was held with the aim of bringing together oncology specialists from eight countries and regions in Asia to present the status in their own national context and discuss the key challenges and requirements in order to establish a greater Asian presence in the area of cancer control and research. The task of bringing together diverse countries and regions is made all the more urgent in that while Asia now accounts for more than half of all new cancer cases globally, clinical guidelines are based predominantly on practices adopted in Western countries, which may not be optimized for unique ethnic, pharmacogenomic and cultural characteristics in Asia. Recognizing the need for Asia to better gather information and data for the compilation of Asia-specific clinical guidelines, the participants discussed the current status in Asia in the national and regional contexts and identified future steps towards integrated and collaborative initiatives in Asia. A key outcome of the symposium was a proposal to combine and integrate the activities of existing pan-Asian societies, including the Asian Pacific Federation of Organizations for Cancer Research and Control (APFOCC) and Asian Clinical Oncology Society (ACOS). Further proposals included the expansion of pan-Asian society membership to include individuals and the essential need to encourage the participation of young researchers in order to ensure self-sustainability of cancer control efforts in the future.
Asia ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cooperative Behavior ; Cultural Characteristics ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leadership* ; Medical Oncology ; Specialization

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Lung Cancer Screening with Low-Dose Chest CT: Current Issues.

Myeong Im AHN

Cancer Research and Treatment.2004;36(3):163-166.

Computed tomography offers many advantages over routine radiographs in screening for lung cancer, and it is clear that low-dose spiral CT screening can more frequently find considerably smaller lung cancers than previous detection tools. Recently, investigators have performed low-dose spiral CT scanning for screening of lung cancer, and have suggested that CT screening can depict lung cancers at smaller sizes and at earlier stages. With technological advances in spiral CT scanners, the detection rate of small noncalcified pulmonary nodules has markedly increased, with higher rates noted with thinner collimation of CT scanning. Unfortunately, the majority of these have proved to be benign, i.e. false positive results. If, even in part, CT features could be found to predict benign nodules without follow-up, the false-positive rate would be reduced, and consequently, the cost, emotional stress, radiation dose, morbidity and mortality associated with interventional procedures would also be reduced. There have been several studies trying to establish reliable CT features for benign lesions in small pulmonary nodules and to determine their outcome. Although these efforts have not completely resolved the issue of false positive results, it is expected that lessons will be learnt on how to manage these small nodules through experience with screening in the near future. Because pulmonary nodules on CT are much more common in Korea than in western countries, the management algorithm for screening CT-detected nodules should be modified according to different circumstances, with consensus among related physicians and radiologists. In addition, to enhance patient care and avoid misunderstanding of inherent limitation of CT screening by the screening subjects, physicians, hospital managers as well as radiologists should provide proper information regarding CT screening to the screenees.
Consensus ; Humans ; Korea ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Mass Screening* ; Mortality ; Patient Care ; Research Personnel ; Stress, Psychological ; Thorax* ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

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Cyclooxygenase-2: A Potential Target in Human Cancer.

Jong Ho WON

Cancer Research and Treatment.2004;36(3):161-162.

No abstract available.
Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Humans*

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Reversible Proximal Renal Tubular Dysfunction after One-Time Ifosfamide Exposure.

Young Il KIM ; Ju Young YOON ; Jun Eul HWANG ; Hyun Jeong SHIM ; Woo Kyun BAE ; Sang Hee CHO ; Ik Joo CHUNG

Cancer Research and Treatment.2010;42(4):244-246.

The alkylating agent ifosfamide is an anti-neoplastic used to treat various pediatric and adult malignancies. Its potential urologic toxicities include glomerulopathy, tubulopathy and hemorrhagic cystitis. This report describes a case of proximal renal tubular dysfunction and hemorrhagic cystitis in a 67-year-old male given ifosfamide for epitheloid sarcoma. He was also receiving an oral hypoglycemic agent for type 2 diabetes mellitus and had a baseline glomerular filtration rate of 51.5 mL/min/1.73 m2. Despite mesna prophylaxis, the patient experienced dysuria and gross hematuria after a single course of ifosfamide plus adriamycin. The abrupt renal impairment and serum/urine electrolyte imbalances that ensued were consistent with Fanconi's syndrome. However, normal renal function and electrolyte status were restored within 14 days, simply through supportive measures. A score of 8 by Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale indicated these complications were most likely treatment-related, although they developed without known predisposing factors. The currently undefined role of diabetic nephropathy in adult ifosfamide nephrotoxicity merits future investigation.
Adult ; Aged ; Cystitis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Toxicity ; Dysuria ; Fanconi Syndrome ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Ifosfamide ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal ; Male ; Mesna ; Sarcoma

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A Case of Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm Initially Mimicking Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus.

Hye Jung CHANG ; Myung Dong LEE ; Hyeon Gyu YI ; Joo Han LIM ; Moon Hee LEE ; Jeong Hyun SHIN ; Suk Jin CHOI ; Yeonsook MOON ; Chung Hyun NAHM ; Chul Soo KIM

Cancer Research and Treatment.2010;42(4):239-243.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare disease. The prognosis is poor in most cases with rapid progression despite administering chemotherapy. A 67-year-old man complained of skin rashes on his back and this spread to the trunk, face, arms and thighs, and he was initially diagnosed with cutaneous lupus erythematosus according to the skin biopsy. The skin rashes then became aggravated on a trial of low dose methylprednisolone for 3 months. Repeated skin biopsy revealed a diffuse infiltration of lymphoid cells with medium sized nuclei, positive for CD4 and CD56, negative for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), indicating a diagnosis of BPDCN. Further workups confirmed stage IVA BPDCN involving the skin, multiple lymph nodes, the peripheral blood and the bone marrow. He was treated with six cycles of combination chemotherapy consisting of ifosphamide, methotrexate, etoposide, prednisolone and L-asparaginase, and he achieved a partial response. Herein we report on a rare case of BPDCN that was initially misinterpreted as cutaneous lupus erythematosus.
Aged ; Arm ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Dendritic Cells ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Etoposide ; Exanthema ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphocytes ; Methotrexate ; Methylprednisolone ; Prednisolone ; Prognosis ; Rare Diseases ; Skin ; Thigh

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A Case of Combined Hepatocellular-Cholangiocarcinoma with Favorable Response to Systemic Chemotherapy.

Gun Min KIM ; Hei Cheul JEUNG ; Dokyung KIM ; Joo Hoon KIM ; Sang Hyun YOON ; Eun Suk JUNG ; Sang Joon SHIN

Cancer Research and Treatment.2010;42(4):235-238.

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is a rare form of primary liver cancer composed of cells with histopathologic features of both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC). Because of its low incidence, the information on clinical outcomes of cHCC-CC is very limited and there are no published reports describing non-surgical treatment options for cHCC-CC. We report a case of cHCC-CC exhibiting a favorable response to systemic chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cisplatin. A 62-year-old man who recurred after a right lobectomy for cHCC-CC received sorafenib for palliative systemic therapy, but follow up imaging studies showed disease progression. He received 2nd line chemotherapy with doxorubicin at 60 mg/m2 together with cisplatin at 70 mg/m2. After 2 cycles of chemotherapy, a computed tomography scan of the chest showed markedly decreased size and number of the multiple lung metastases. After completing 8 cycles of 2nd line therapy, we changed the regimen to a fluorouracil (5-FU) mono therapy because of the toxicities associated with doxorubicin and cisplatin. To date, the patient has completed his 15th cycle of 5-FU mono therapy with the disease status remaining stable during 18 months of follow-up.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Cisplatin ; Disease Progression ; Doxorubicin ; Fluorouracil ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Neoplasms ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Niacinamide ; Phenylurea Compounds ; Thorax

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The CXCR4 Antagonist AMD3100 Has Dual Effects on Survival and Proliferation of Myeloma Cells In Vitro.

Ha Yon KIM ; Ji Young HWANG ; Seong Woo KIM ; Hyo Jin LEE ; Hwan Jung YUN ; Samyong KIM ; Deog Yeon JO

Cancer Research and Treatment.2010;42(4):225-234.

PURPOSE: AMD3100, an antagonist of the CXCR4 chemokine receptor is soon to be used clinically for the peripheral mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in patients with multiple myeloma. AMD3100 has been shown to activate a G protein coupled with CXCR4 and thus acts as a partial CXCR4 agonist in vitro. Thus, we explored whether AMD3100 affected the survival and proliferation of myeloma cells in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effects of AMD3100 on survival and proliferation of two myeloma cell lines (RPMI8226 and U266) as well as CD138+ cells obtained from several patients with multiple myeloma were analyzed by flow cytometry using annexin V and a colorimetric cell proliferation assay (CCK-8 assay). RESULTS: AMD3100, but not T140, another CXCR4 antagonist, stimulated the proliferation of myeloma cell lines and CD138+ primary human myeloma cells (-2-fold increase) in a dose-dependent manner in serum-free culture for up to 5 days, which was inhibited by pretreating the cells with pertussis toxin. AMD3100 enhanced the proliferation of U266 cells induced by interleukin-6 and partially reversed AG490-mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in RPMI8226 cells. AMD3100 induced the phosphorylation of Akt and MAPK p44/p42 in U266 cells and MAPK p44/p42 in RPMI8226 cells. In contrast, AMD3100 markedly increased the cell apoptosis and reduced the number of RPMI8226 cells after 5 to 7 days of culture under serum-free conditions. CONCLUSION: AMD3100 exerts dual effects, initially enhancing and subsequently inhibiting the survival and proliferation of myeloma cells, signaling via CXCR4 in vitro.
Annexin A5 ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Flow Cytometry ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Heterocyclic Compounds ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; Multiple Myeloma ; Oligopeptides ; Pertussis Toxin ; Phosphorylation

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