Objectives:：The aim of this study was to examine socio-demographic variables and the correlation of their factors and mental health with resilience in adolescents.

Methods:：Participants were 4,325 middle and high school students living in Jeollanam-do, South Korea. Participants completed self-report questionnaires examining socio-demographic characteristics and including the following self-rating scales: the resilience test, the adolescent mental health and problem behavior screening questionnaire-II (AMPQ-II).

Results:：The resilience test scores were positively correlated with the adolescent mental health and problem behavior screening questionnaire-II scores (p<0.001). In multiple regression analysis, below average academic achievement (OR 4.05, 95%CI 2.62-6.27, p<0.001), perceived poor relationship with parents (OR 2.91, 95%CI 2.28-3.71, p<0.001), body dissatisfaction (OR 2.09, 95%CI 1.57-2.79, p<0.001), middle school students (OR 2.02, 95%CI 1.59-2.56, p<0.001), male (OR 1.95, 95%CI 1.55-2.46, p<0.001), low socioeconomic status (OR 1.68, 95%CI 1.11-2.52, p=0.014), low maternal education level (OR 1.64, 95%CI 1.09-2.48, p=0.018) showed significant negative correlation with resilience.

Conclusion:：Resilience needs to be considered to promote mental health of adolescents. Specifically, interventions providing psychological support should target adolescents with factors correlated low resilience