Objective: To study the application value of cortical somatosensory evoked potential (CSEP) monitoring in child scoliosis surgery. Methods: In surgeries of fifty-one children with scoliosis, the CSEP changes were continuously recorded by evoked potential instrument. The operations were performed under the guidance of CSEP monitoring. Results: Before propping and reshaping, the latencies and amplitudes in all cases had no change. During propping and reshaping, the latencies of all cases were slowly elongated, but all less than 10 percent. The amplitudes in 15 cases dropped to 55 percent, but returned to 80 percent 3-8 minutes after stopping the operations or partially loosening the propped rods at once. The amplitude in one case suddenly dropped to 37 percent and returned to 54 percent half an hour after loosening the propped rods at once and recovered to the normal range one day after operation. All cases got ideal orthopedic results and no one had neurological complications post operation. Conclusion: CSEP can accurately monitor the spinal injury and has a great value in preventing the spinal injury in child scoliosis surgery.