PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of symptom experience and depression on the falls efficacy of elderly patients who were undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: The questionnaires were administered to 105 elderly patients over 65 years hospitalizing for chemotherapy from October 25 to December 30, 2018. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlations and Multiple Linear Regression, ursing an SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. RESULTS: Falls efficacy was negatively correlated with the symptom experience (r=−.58, p<.001), and depression (r=−.57, p<.001). Symptom experience and depression were positively correlated (r=.72, p<.001). The significantly influential factors of falls efficacy were age (β=−.34, p<.001), symptom experience (β=−.24, p=.022), and the history of falls (β=−.15, p=.040), explaining 57.0% of the variance in falls efficacy. CONCLUSION: The main findings of this study can be used as the foundation for developing programs to increase the falls efficacy of elderly patients undergoing chemotherapy.