Objective To explore the application of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)in crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD)of cerebral gliomas. Methods MR images of 17 patients with high grade gliomas and 20 patients with low grade gliomas confirmed by postoperative pathology and 18 normal controls were analyzed retrospectively.The fractional anisotropy (FA)of cerebellar hemisphere was quantitatively measured with DTI technique.The asymmetry index (AI)of cerebellar hemispheric was calculated and compared in patients.The correlation between CCD phenomenon and histological grade of cerebral gliomas was also analyzed.Results Compared with ipsilateral cerebellar hemisphere of cerebral high grade gliomas,the FA value of contralateral cerebellar hemisphere significantly reduced (t=3.42,P<0.05).But there were no significant differences of FA values between contralateral cerebellar hemisphere and ipsilateral cerebellar hemisphere in cerebral low grade gliomas patients (t=0.80,P>0.05).The AI values of cerebellar hemisphere in high grade gliomas increased compared with low grade gliomas and normal controls (t=4.15,P<0.05;t=4.68,P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in the AI values of cerebellar hemisphere between low grade gliomas patients and normal controls (t=0.79,P>0.05).Conclusion CCD phenomenon is associated with the histological grade of cerebral gliomas.High grade gliomas can cause CCD phenomenon,but there is no evident CCD phenomenon in low grade gliomas.DTI technique is able to quantitatively assess CCD noninvasively by FA parameter.