Objective To observe and analyze the performance of forensic science in the cases of suxamethonium chloride poisoning,and to improve the identification of suxamethonium chloride poisoning.Methods Fifty-four cases of suxamethonium chloride poisoning were collected.The rules of determination of suxamethonium chloride poisoning were observed by the retrospective analysis of pathological and toxicological changes as well as case features.Results The pathological features of suxamethonium chloride poisoning were similar to the general changes of sudden death,which mainly included acute pulmonary congestion and edema,and partly showed myocardial disarray and fracture.Suxamethonium chloride could be detected in the heart blood of all cases and in skin tissue of part cases.Conclusion Suxamethonium chloride poisoning has the characteristics with fast death and covert means,which are difficult to rescue and easily miss inspection.For the cases of sudden death or suspicious death,determination of suxamethonium chloride should be taken as a routine detection index to prevent missing inspection.