Analysis of 1.701 cases of children mortality under 14 years old at 7 districts and Thai Binh city, from January 1998 to December 2000. The results: early neonatal mortality (< 7days) or a part of prenatal mortality accounted for 35.3%; neonatal mortality 41.6%, children mortality under 1 year old: 57.6%; children mortality under 5 years old: 83.5% compared with children mortality total under 14 years old. Children mortality rate under 1 year old was 13.22%o; Children mortality rate under 5 years old trended to decrease from 23.3%o (1998) to 17.5%o (2000). The main causes of children mortality was cerebral diseases, meninges diseases; respiratory diseases, cardiovascular disease; then some accidents as drowning, electric shock, traffic accident and the third was premature birth