The RhD antigen is expressed only in human red blood cells (RBC).Its immunogenicity and clinical application are only next to ABO blood group system, and is widely used both for blood typing and prevention of hemolytic disease of the newborn. The traditional anti-Rh(D) is derived by fractionation of plasma from individuals who have been sensitized by pregnancy or transfusion, or have been deliberately immunized to produce anti-Rh(D). Because of the limited source of plasma, researchers began the study of monoclonal and recombinant antibody. Monoclonal and recombinant anti-Rh(D) antibodies may provide alternatives to the current plasma derived polyclonal IgG anti-Rh(D), but up to now,none of them have yet proved effective in humans for prevention of RhD immunity and hemolytic disease of the newborn.