Objective To investigate the effects of hysteroscopic resection for mild-to-moderate uterine incision diverticulum after cesarean section.Methods From September 2010 to September 2014, hysteroscopic resection was performed under B-ultrasonography in 102 cases of mild-to-moderate uterine incision diverticulum after cesarean section.Results The operation was completed successfully in all the cases, without surgical complications.Outcome evaluation at 1 year after surgery showed cured in 89 cases (87.3%, complete disappearance of symptoms and recovery of normal menstruation), improved in 7 cases (6.9%, menstrual period shortened by 5-7 d, with or without lower abdominal dull pain and menstrual exacerbation), and ineffective in 6 cases (5.9%, no or slight symptom improvement).Conclusion Hysteroscopic resection is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive method for mild-to-moderate uterine incision diverticulum after cesarean section in patients demanding clinical symptom improvement without desire of fertility.