In this study,the intestinal microbial flora diversity of adult and young African lions in the same breeding environment was detected by PCR-DGGE technique.Total bacterial DNA was extracted and 16S rDNA V3 region was amplified,then conducting PCR-DGGE.Subsequently,the specific bands of DGGE were cloned and sequenced.The bacterial species were identified by comparing the sequence through BLAST.The results indicated that the intestinal microbial flora of adult African lions includes Clostridium,Lachnospiraceae bacterium,Anaerovorax,Lactococcus,Peptostreptococcus and Blautia.While the intestinal microbial flora of young African lions is lesser,most bacteria are common to adult and young lions,such as Bacteroidetes bacterium and rumen bacterium.The UPGMA clustering analysis of the DGGE fingerprint showed the similarities of the bacteria structures between adult and young African lions were only 34％.These results revealed that the intestinal microbial flora has significant difference in different stages of African lions.This study lays a foundation for the development of microecological agents in different growth stages of wild animals.