Objective To investigate the safety of hip arthroplasty during the perioperative period in aged patients with femoral neck fracture .Methods The clinical data in 56 elderly cases of femoral neck fracture treated by hip arthroplasty ,aged more than 65 years old ,were performed the retrospective analysis .Results Among 56 cases ,54 cases hospitalized for 21d[(18-31)d] and suc-cessfully were discharged ,the Harris scores were increased from preoperative 30 (0 -38) to postoperative 83 (72 -91) ,the func-tion of hip joint was obviously improved ;2 cases with the preoperative poor tolerance score died during perioperative period ,there were 3 cases(5 .4% ) of postoperative hip hematoma ,1 cases(1 .79% ) of postoperative hematoma developed secondary bacterial in-fection after puncture and 3 cases (5 .4% ) of postoperative posterior dislocation in the early stage and no case of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) accompanying clinical symptoms .Conclusion Hip arthroplasty is a effective measure for treating aged patients with femoral neck fracture .But those patients with poor operative tolerance should select this operation cautiously