Objective:To compare the intravenous (Ⅳ) administration with an oral iron agent administration in their efficacy and side effects in hemodialysis patients with renal anemia. Method:50 renal anemic patients were randomly grouped as the treatment group (TG) and controlled group (25 cases for each). 100 mg iron dextran injection was intravenously dropped twice weekly for the TG patients in the dialysis course, totally 10 times. 150 mg iron polysaccharide complex capsules was orally used qd in the controlled group. All the patients were treated in combination with 8000u of erythropoietin (EPO) weekly and observed for 8 weeks. The changes in Hb, serum ferritin level and agent side effect were monitored. Result:Hb, Hct and SP were all improved in both the TG and controlled group after the treatment (P