Objective To detect HBV outer membrane large protein(HBV-LP) and HBV-DNA, and to explore their correlation in judging the pathogenetic condition and HBV replication, as well as its clinical significance. Methods Serum level of HBV-DNA was quantitatively detected by u-sing real-time polymerase chain reaction, and while HBV-LP and HBV markers were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in infected sera from 238 patients with hepatitis B. Re-suits There was significant difference of detection rate between HBV-DNA and HBV-LP(P<0. 05).The expression of HBV-DNA and HBV-LP had significantly difference among various patterns of HBV serological markers(P<0.05). HBV-LP expression was markedly correlated with the logarithm of HBV-DNA level(r=0. 677,P<0.01). Conclusion There is a prefect correlation between the copies of HBV-DNA and the level of HBV-LP, but HBV-LP expression can not still reflect the status ofHBV replication.