Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of iron polysaccharide complex in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia and its effect on content of serum transferrin receptor(sTfR)and serum ferrin(SF).Methods 132 patients with iron deficiency anemia in Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital were received iron polysaccharide complex for one month,we analysed the clinical efficacy of iron polysaccharide complex in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia.The content of blood indicators,serum iron(SI),sTfR and SF were detected and analyzed before and after treatment. Results Iron polysaccharide complex had a good effect on iron deficiency anemia,the obvious effective rate was 59.09%and total efficiency was 85.61%;blood indicators and SI improved significantly(P<0.05),sTfR decreased significantly(P<0.05),SF increased significantly(P<0.05);SI and sTfR,SF, sTfR/SF has a good linear relationship relatively.Conclusion The mechanism of iron polysaccharide complex on patients with iron deficiency anemia is related with SF levels increased and sTfR levels reduced.