Medical security fund is the core of medical security system. The traditional system of medical security fund management has enabled various governmental departments to play positive roles, and has controlled the growth of expenditure. Since the Reform and opening-up, along with the reform of medical security system, a scientific and reasonable fund-raising mechanism has been established, the management of medical security fund has been societalized, and the supervision and regulation mechanisms of registered healthcare agencies have been initially established, all of which further promote the reform and development of healthcare system. But the existing management system is not perfect, and a medical security fund system which adapts to China's national conditions and the needs of the development of healthcare system must be further explored.