Objective:To explore the clinical appearance,diagnosis method and curative efficacy of one patient with esophageal teratoma complicated with rupture of esophagus in order to raise the awareness of the clinicians for the disease. Methods:The patient with chest pain after eating was admitted to hospital,and upper gastrointestinal radiography,chest CT and endoscopy were taken,which showed rupture of esophagus.Then an emergency thoracic exploration was performed.A too long cleft and much necrosis were identified,so the repair of esophagus was changed into excision and anastomosis. Results: The operation was successful,and the pathological findings showed the rupture of esophageal teratoma.Follow-up showed no complication till now.Conclusion:Esophageal teratoma complicated with esophageal rupture is rare.Clinicians should improve the understanding and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.