PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with performance of nursing care for postoperative delirium of elderly patients among recovery room nurses. METHODS: The research was a cross-sectional, descriptive design using questionnaires. The participants were 99 nurses from five urban recovery rooms. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression with SPSS WIN 21.0. RESULTS: The performance level of delirium nursing care was low because its mean score was 3.80 out of 5. Performance of nursing care was significantly positively correlated with the importance of nursing care and self-efficacy. Stepwise multiple regression analysis for performance of nursing care revealed that the most powerful predictor was the importance of nursing care. The importance of nursing care and self-efficacy explained 32.3% of the variance. CONCLUSION: The results indicate a need to enhance the performance of nursing care for postoperative delirium of elderly patients among recovery room nurses. The findings also suggest that consideration be given to strategies for improving the importance of nursing care and self-efficacy in developing programs to enhance the performance level of nursing care for elderly patients with postoperative delirium.