Objective:To explore effects of frustration situation,resilience and positive music on attentional bias by a behavioral experiment.Methods:Totally 60 participants were chosen from 650 college students according to their scores in Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).Then,a 2(resilience,high/low)×3(experimental treatment,no frustration/frustration with positive music /frustration without any background)×2(vocabulary,posi-tive /passive)mixed design experiment was conducted to investigate the attentional bias of participants in emotional Stroop paradigm.Results:Reaction times to passive vocabulary were different significantly in three frustration situa-tions(P <0.01).Interaction of resilience and frustration on reaction time to positive vocabulary was significant (P<0.01).Among the participants with low resilience,reaction time to positive vocabulary in the situation without frustration or the frustration situation with positive music was longer significantly than that in the frustration situa-tion without any background [(476.3 ±85.6)vs.(456.0 ±54.0)vs.(427.1 ±61.1),P <0.05].Among the par-ticipants with high resilience,reaction time to positive vocabulary in the frustration situation without any background was longer than that in the situation without frustration [(472.1 ±82.9)vs.(432.4 ±53.2),P <0.05].Conclu-sion:It suggests that individuals may have obviously attentional bias to negative stimulus in frustration situation,and effects of resilience and positive music on attentional bias in situation may be obvious.