Objective: To study the agreement of wealth index constructed using different methods, and the comparison of living standard measurements by the wealth index and traditional indicators. Methods:The data used in the study come from Rural Household Survey in Ningxia region, and the sample of this household survey included 6612 households, 28886 people. Using different weighting methods, such as principal component analysis and equal weighting, and data coded in different ways to construct 4 wealth indexes, and analyzing the agreement of these 4 wealth indexes. Respectively comparing the wealth indexes with the living standard measurements by total, per cap-ital and per adult household consumption. Results:The wealth indexes showed strong agreement with each other, and similarly weak agreement with consumption indicators. Conclusion: the indicators of living standard measurements each had advantages and disadvantages, and there was weak agreement between these indicators. Thus, when living standard was the main study result or the social determinant of study results, the appropriate indicator in the study should be selected according to the study results by different indicators and professional knowledge and experiences.