Objective To analyze risk factor in children with nosocomial infection of pediatric department. Methods 3 250 children were collected as observation group in recent five yesrs.The infective characteristic were analyzed retrospectively in observation group.Results 73 hospital infective cases were found in the observation group.50 cases of pulmonary infection,10 cases of digestive tract infection,10 cases of urinary system infection,and 3 cases of oral infection.Age(χ2 =5.76,P <0.05 ),duration of hospitalization(χ2 =6.05,P <0.05 ),invasive operation(χ2 =7.75,P <0.05)and preventive antibiotics use(χ2 =7.86,P <0.05)were correlated with nosocomial infection.Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus of G + strain was most,staphlococcus epidemidis and klebsiella of G -strain was most.Conclusion The risk factors should be paied attention in paediatric cases,as well as strengthen the strict aseptic operation and apply with bacterial culture of secretion,which is of significance to guide clinical medication.